Джон У. О’Мэлли, S.J. / ПЕРВЫЕ ИЕЗУИТЫ

1. . , S.J.

2. 1 , , , , . , . , , , , , , : . (American Council of Learned Societies) 198889 ., , (Jesuit Conference) . , . , . , , . , , , . , , ( ) , - - . , , , . , , , , . , . , , . , - - , - , . , . - . . , , , . , , Gerard Manley Hopkins, ed. Catherine Phillips (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1986), . 129. , , , , ,

3. 2 . , , , , , , . . . , S.J. (Weston School of Theology) , As kingfishers catch fire, dragonflies draw flame; As tumbled over rim in roundy wells Stones ring; like each tucked string tells, each hung bells Bow swung finds toung to fling out broad its name; Each mortal thing does one thing and the same: Deals out that being indoors each one dwells; Selves goes itself; myself it speaks and spells, Crying What I do is me: for that I came. Gerard Manly Hopkins , ; , , ; , , , , ; ; , ; , : , : , : .

4. 3 1530 . , . , 1. , , , 1535 . ( ), , . 1622 , , XV - , , . , - , , , 1872 IX . ( , 1671) (1925). , , , , 450 . , , . , , , , , . , , , Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes. , , , , - , . , .2 , , , , .3 1 John Addington Symonds, The Cathlic reaction, 2 vols. (vols.56 of Renaissance in Italy) (London: Smith, Elder, and Company, 1886), 1:65. 2 ., , John W. OMalley, ed., Catholicism in Early Modern History: A Guide to Research (St. Louis: Center for Reformation Research, 1988), Anne Jacobson Schutte, Periodisation of Sixteenth- Century Italian Religious History: The Post-Cantimory Paradigm Shift, The Journal of Modern History, 61 (1989), 269284. 3 ., , Steven Ozment, ed., Reformation Europe: A Guide to Research (St. Louis: Center for Reformation Research, 1982).

5. 4 ? . , , . , , , , .4 . , (familiar) (familial) . , , , , .5 , , , , , 6. Archivum Historicum Societatis Jesu, , , , . , , . 4 . , Religious Orders of Men, Especially te Society of Jesus in OMalley, Cathlicism, c. 147162. Laszlo Polgar, Bibliographie sur lhistoire de la Compagnie de Jesus, 19011980, 3 vols. (Rome: Institutum Historicum Societatis Iesu, 198190). . AHSI. Carlos Sommervogel, Bibliotheque de la Compagnie de Jesus, 11 vols. (Brussels: O. Schepens; Paris: A. Picard, 18901932). 5 Ricardo Garcia-Villoslada, san Ignacio de Loyola: Nueva Biographia (Madrid: Biblioteca de Autores Cristianos, 1986). Candido de Dalmases, Ignatius of Loyola, Founder of the Jesuits: His Life and Work, trans. Jerome Aixala (St. Louis: The Institure of Jesuit Sources,1985). , Andre Riviere, Ignatius of Loyola and the Founding of the Society of Jesus, trans. Maura Daly, Joan Daly, and Carson Daly (San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 1987). . Marjorie ORourke Boyle, Angels Black and Whte: Loyolas Spiritual Discernment in Historical Perspective, Theological Studies, 44 (1983), 241257, Philip Endean, Who Do You Say Ignatius Is? Jesuit Fundamentalism and Beyond, Studies in the Spirituality of Jesuits, 19/5 (1987). . William W. Meissner, Psychoanalytic Hagiography: The Case of Ignatius of Loyola, Theological Studies, 52 (1991); 333, Ignatius of Loyola: The Psychology of a Saint (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1992). , , Andreas Falkner and Paul Imhof, eds., Ignatius von Loyola und die Gesellschaft Jesu, 14911556 (Wrzburg: Echter Verlag, 1990) Juan Plazaola, ed., Ignacio de Loyola y su tiempo (Bilbao: Ediciones Mensajero, 1992). : Michael Sievernich and Gnter Switek, eds., Ignatianisch: Eigenart und Methode der Gesellshaft Jesu (Freiburg: Herder, 1990). . Ignacio Iparraguire, ed., Orientaciones bibliograficas sobre San Ignacio de Loyola, 2nd ed., rev. (Rome: InstitutumHistoricum Societatis Iesu, 1965), , ed. Manuel Ruiz Jurado, 1977 and 1990. 6 Mario Seduto, Lepoca di Gicomo Lainez (15561565), 2 vols. (Rome: Edicioni la Civita Cattolica, 196474).

6. 5 , , , . . 1565 , - - . 125 Monumenta Historica Societatis Iesu . . 12 Monumenta, , .7 , , , , , , . , . . , , , . . 1565 , , , . , , , . , , , . , . ; - - . , . . . , , . , : , . , . , . , , , . . , , , , . . , . 7 . Dominique Bertrand, La politique de s. Ignace de Loyola: Lanalyse sociale (Paris: Editions du Cerf, 1985), . 39.

7. 6 , , , . , . , , . , . , , . , 1540 III Regimini militanis ecclesiae. 1565 . , , . , 1563 , , 1564 . 1556 , , . 1565 , , , (modus procedendi) . , , , , - - . , - 1521 - , 1548 . , . 1 3. , , , . , . , , , . , , , . , . . (Formula Instituti). 1539 . , , . (Quinque Capitula), . - - Regimini militantis ecclesiae. ;

8. 7 . , - .8 , , , . 1550 ., , , Exposcit debitum, III, . , .9 1540 . , 1540 , . 1550 : . , . : , , , , , . ( . .) , , , .10 , , . (consueta ministeria) . . , . , , : , , , , , , .11 , , , , , , . , , , . 8 Antonio M. De Aldama, The Formula of the Institute: Notes for a Commentary, trans. Ignazio Echaniz (St. Louis: The Institute of Jesuit Sources, 1990). 9 . Manuel Ruiz Jurado, Nadal y Polancosobre la Formula del Instituto de la Compaia de Jesus, AHSI, 47(1978), 225239. 10 Ganss, Constitutions, pp. 6667. 11 Ibid., . 68.

9. 8 , , , , . , , . , , , , - , , - , , , , . , , , . . , , , , . , , , , , . . Regimini militantis ecclesiae, ( ) . , . , 1547 , . . , , , , . , , , , , .12 , , , , , . . 1552 , . . , , 1558 59 . , , . , , 12 . Antonio M. De Aldama, The Constitutions of the Society of Jesus: An Introductory Commentary on the Constitutions, trans. Aloysius J. Owen (St. Louis: The Institute of Jesuit Sources, 1989), . 211.

10. 9 . , . ; , . , , , ; . , . , , , , , . , . , , , , , - , , , 1546 , , , , .13 , , , , , , , . , , , (noster modus procedendi, nuestro modo de proceder). , .14 , , , , . , , , 1553 1555 . .15 1538 , , . , , . , , . 13 . Gannss Comments, Constitutions, . 3559. 14 M Nadal, 5:304305. . Const., #152, 216. 15 FN, 1:354507. . - . , A pilgrims Journey: The Autobyography of Ignatius of Loyola (Wilmington, Del.: Michael Glazier, 1985), . Ignatius of Loyola: The Spiritual Exercises and Selected Works, Ed. George E. Ganss (New Yourk: Paulist Press, 1991), . 65111. , Tylenda, Autobyography, . ix-xiv.

11. 10 . , , 1521 , , , , . , , , , , .16 . , -, , , , , . - - , . . , , ( ), . -, -. , , , , , , . . , , , , . . , . , , ; . , , , , . . , noster modus procedendi . , .17 , , . , . .18 , 16 . , FN, 1:330331. 17 . Miguel Nicolau, Jeronimo Nadal, S.I. (15071508): Sus obras y doctrinas espirituales (Madrid: Cosejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 1949), . 148151, John H. Wright, The Grace of Our Founder and the Grace of Our Vocation, Studies in the Spirituality of Jesuits, 3/1 (1971). 18 Bertrand, La politique. . Joseph A. Munitz, Communicating Channels: Letters to Reveal and to Govern, The Way, suppliment no. 70 (1991), 6475. , , Letters of St. Ignatius of Loyola, trans. William J. Young (Chicago: Loyola University Press, 1959). Hugo Rahner, ed.Saint Ignatius Loyola: Letters to Women, trans. Kathleen Pond and S.A.H. Weetman (Edinburgh and London: Nelson, 1960).

12. 11 . 7000 , 175, , , . , , . , - , , , , , , , - , , , 1528 1536 . . 1540 , 1552 . , . , , 1558 . . , Monumenta, .19 , 1540 ., , , ,20 , VI.21 1565 . , , , , . , , . noster modus procedendi. , , , , , , , . , , . 1516 . .22 , , , , , . 19 , , Jean-Fronois Gilmont, Les crits spirituels des premiers jsuites: Inventaire comment (Rome: Institutum Historicum Societatis Iesu, 1961), . 113166. . , , Sommervogel, Bibliothque de la Compagnie de Jsus. 20 . James Brodrick, Saint Peter Canisius (Chicago: Loyola University Press, 1962). , MHSI, Beati Petri Canisii Societatis Jesu Eistolae et Acta, 8 vols. (Freiburg: Herder 18961923). . Gilmont, Ecrits, . 209231. 21 . Cndido de Dalmases, Saint Francis Borgia, Grandee of Spain, Jesuit, Saint, trans. Cornelius Michael Buckly (St. Louis: The Institute of Jesuit Sources, 1991). . Gilmont, Ecrits, . 169 192. 22 Antonio M. De Aldama, Imagen ignatiana del jesuita en los escritos de Polanco (Rome: Centrum Ignatianum Spiritualitatis, 1975), . 730, Constance Jones Mathers, Early Spanish Qalms about Loyola and the Society of Jesus, the Historian, 53 (1991), 679690. Angelo Martini, Gli studi teologici di Giovanni de Polanco alle origini della legislazione scolastica della Compagnia di Gesu, AHSI, 21 (1952), 225281. . Clara Englander, Ignatius von Loyola und Johannes von Polanco: Der Ordensstifter und sein Secretr (Regensburg: F. Pustet, 1956).

13. 12 , . . 1541 . scriptor apostolicus. . . , , 1576 . , , - , - 1547 1572 . , , - .23 155354 . , , .24 1575 .25 , , , , . , , , , , , . , , ( , , ) , noster modus procedendi . , . , , , . - Chronicon Societatis Jesu, 157374 ., .26 , Monumenta , : , , , , , 1537 1556 . , , 1572 , . , , , . , , , . 23 . Gilmont, Ecrits, . 196208. 24 Juan Alfonso de Polanco, Breve directorium ad confessarii et confitentis munus rite obeundum (Rome: A. Blado, 1554). 25 Polanco, Methodus ad eos adiuvandos qui moriuntur (Macerata: Sebastiano Martellini, 1575). 26 . Andr Ravier, La Compagnie de Jsus sous le gouvernement dIgnace de Loyola (15411556): Dapres les Chroniques de J.-A. De Polanco (Paris: Descl de Brouwer, 1990).

14. 13 Chronicon , , . , , , , . Chronicon , , . , , . Chronicon , . , , . , . ( ), . , - , , , . , , , .27 , . , , . , ; , , ( ) . , , , . 1572 , 1580 , . - , - , - , esprit de corps , . , 1507 . - , . , , . 1538 . , , , . , . 27 . Dennis Edmond Pate, Jeronimo Nadal and the Early Developement of the Society of Jesus, 1545 1573 (Ph.D. diss., University of California, Los Angeles, 1980); Manuel Ruiz Jurado, Cronologia de la vida del P. Jeronimo Nadal, S.I. (15071580), AHSI, 48 (1979), 248276; William V. Bangert, Jerome Nadal, S.J. (15071580): Tracking the First Generation of Jesuits, ed. Thomas M. McCoog (Chicago: Loyola University Press, 1992).

15. 14 . , , , , . . , , , , , , . , , 1552 , , - . : , , , , , , - .28 , : [ ] , .29 , , . , , , , . , , , , . , , . , , , , - - , , . , . , , , . , , , , . , 155859 . , , , ( 1548 .) , , . , . ( , ), , . , 28 MI Epp., 5:109. 29 M Nadal, 1:144.

16. 15 .30 , , , , , , , , , . .31 , . , , .32 . , , , , . , , . , , , . . , , 1562 1565 ., , : , , .33 , , , , Scholia .34 , , . , . , - . ( 26) . ( 69) . (modus procedendi) , . , , , , . , , , , 1565 . 1540 . - , , . , , , . , , , 30 . Nadal, Jerme, in Dictionnaire de Spiritualit. 31 . Gilmont, Ecrits, . 232249, , , , . 32 . Nicolau, Nadal. 33 M Nadal, 5:524774. 34 Scholia in Constitutiones S.I., ed. Manuel Ruiz Jurado (Granada: Facultat de Teologia, 1976).

17. 16 , , , . , . , , , , , , . , , , , . , . , , , 1537 . , , , . , , , . , , , 1550 . , , . , , , , , . , , , , . . , , . , , , , , , . ,35 , , . , ( , ) - - , . , . , 35 . John W. OMalley, To Travel to Any Part of the World: Jeronimo Nadal and the Jesuit Vocation, Studies in the Spirituality of Jesuits, 16/2 (1984).

18. 17 . , , . , . , . , . . , . . 1773 , , , . , . . , . , , . , , , , . , , . , , . , , , , , , , . 1534 . , , , . , , , , , . , . 1540 , . 1550 . , , . , , , . , , , , . , , . , , , . , , , ,