BELL RINGER – 10/2 m.socrative.com – Room 38178 OR Bell Ringer Card QUESTION: Name 2 artworks that were commissioned by the Medici Family (2 artworks that they had created). From the video! If you get stuck, look at the artworks you had to know for your last quiz and think of which ones you saw created in the videos…
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m.socrative.com – Room 38178 OR Bell Ringer Card QUESTION: Name 2 artworks that were commissioned by the Medici Family (2 artworks that they had.
Introduction Lots of definitions (with modern examples) Renaissance composers and music examples
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BELL RINGER – 10/2 m.socrative.com – Room 38178 OR Bell
Ringer Card
QUESTION: Name 2 artworks that were
commissioned by the Medici Family (2 artworks that they had created).
From the video! If you get stuck, look at the artworks you
had to know for your last quiz and think of which ones you saw created in the videos…
RENAISSANCE MUSIC
RENAISSANCE MUSIC Introduction Lots of definitions (with modern examples) Renaissance composers and music examples
INTRODUCTION TO RENAISSANCE MUSIC The early Renaissance was almost exclusively a time of visual art and
architecture, music came later
The existence of the Academy in Florence, and its interest in things classical, encouraged much speculation and interest among the scholars of Florence Initially just visual art, but did have a School of Music
Music was an important part of Florentine life
School of music at the Academy attracted performers from all over Europe and made Florence the center of musical change
INTRODUCTION TO RENAISSANCE MUSIC Profound interest in the music of the Greeks and the
role of music in society as expressed in the writings of Plato and Aristotle
Aristotle saw music as contributing to moral order Music helps makes a person complete
INTRODUCTION TO RENAISSANCE MUSIC Included a variety of textures
Monophony, Homophony, Polyphony, & 4-Part Harmony
Wide Range (higher highs, lower lows) Trained musicians/performers
Emphasis on the text – word painting, imitation
Distinct vocal and instrumental styles Vocal music was still more important than instrumental
VARIETY OF TEXTURES - MONOPHONY Monophony – one single melodic line
One note at a time One singer singing solo Multiple singers all singer the exact same pitches at the
exact same time One person playing an instrument (only one note at a time
– if playing an instrument like a piano or guitar and that one person hits two notes, it’s NOT monophonic)
EMPHASIS ON THE TEXT – WORD PAINTING Vocal music becomes increasingly intent on
expressing text
Word painting: enhances the meaning and emotion of written text by “painting” the words in the music Examples: on the word “high” would sing a high note; if
singing about a descent, the notes would go down, etc.
MODERN WORD PAINTING EXAMPLES Garth Brooks: “Friends in Low Places”
SACRED MUSIC The Papal chapel continued as one of the central
musical forces in Europe
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina (1526-94) Director of Julian Chapel Choir from 1551-1555 Then became a singer in the choir Began to compose for the papal chapel Because he was married, he was forced to leave his post
Pope Paul IV imposed a stricter discipline in choral appointments
PALESTRINA Exclusively vocal and almost totally liturgical
Wrote 105 masses and became the most celebrated composer of his time
Most famous piece: Pope Marcellus Mass Pope Marcellus was pope when Palestrina sang in the choir
PALESTRINA – POPE MARCELLUS MASS Polyphonic texture
Lots of imitation
Written for 6 voices a cappella (without instruments)
Each section ends with all voices coming together on sustained chords
PALESTRINA – POPE MARCELLUS MASS
PALESTRINA – POPE MARCELLUS MASS Listen and follow music
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3n8XdKkrqgo
SECULAR MUSIC
SECULAR MUSIC – THE MADRIGAL Madrigal: setting of lyric poetry for multiple voices
Secular music written for multiple parts
Existed during an explosion of Italian poetry
Normally comprised a text of 3-14 lines arranged in a rhyme scheme of the poet’s choosing
The musical setting emphasized the mood and meaning of individual words and phrases of the text rather than formal structure
SECULAR MUSIC – THE MADRIGAL Composed for anywhere from 3-8 parts
Before 1650, the four part texture was preferred
Often sung by solo voices – one per part
Occasionally, an instrument would substitute for one of the voices or double a part
The Madrigal was the dominant form of secular music in Italy and the rest of Europe
FOUR-PART HARMONY IN THE RENAISSANCE Great independence in the lower lines
It was normal for all parts to imitate each other using measured rhythm
INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC Musical instruments rose above their old role of merely reinforcing
voice parts, and instrumental music finally developed an independence from vocal music in the late part of the Renaissance
Previously, instruments tended to accompany voices or to play music originally intended for voice
In the 16th century, more music was written for instruments by themselves, and music was written to exploit the qualities of individual instruments
INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC –INSTRUMENTS Soft, indoor instruments:
Lute Recorder (early flute)
Loud, outdoor instruments: Trumpet Shawm (similar to today’s oboe)
The same work might be played my multiple combinations of instruments Composers didn’t specify what group of instruments they wanted to play, just how many
parts The same piece could be played by a recorder, trumpet, and harp, and then later by a
lute, shawm, and organ.
INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC - EXAMPLE Greensleeves – Renaissance Version