- Hydro-dam, fresh water ecosystem, biodiversity, forest ecosystems at upstream watershed

How do we deal with conflicting environment challenges/solutions? Do we have safeguard measure to guarantee win-win?

- Hydro-dam, fresh water ecosystem, biodiversity, forest ecosystems at upstream watershed

- Solar PV, electricity and water use &

pollution

- Wind energy and bird migration corridors

Gezhouba

Three Gorges

Wudongde

Baihetan

Xiluodu

Xiangjiaba

Upper Yangtze

Native Fish Reserve

鱼类资源：保护区水域内分布有鱼类 189

种，包括长江特有鱼类 66 种（包括白鲟、达氏鲟、胭脂鱼） , 占长江特有鱼类的 44% 。

Xiaonanhai Dam Vs National Nature Reserve for Rare and Endemic Fish Protection

in the Upper-stream of the Yangtze River

Elongate Loach

Largemouth Bronze Gudgeon

Bighead

carp

Black carp

Grass carp

Silver

carpBrass Gudgeon

Chinese Sucker

Dabry’s Sturgeon

Yangtze Paddlefish

Major threats to Fresh Water Fish

水利变化 Changes to hydrology– 水坝、跨流域调水、抽取地下水 水污染 Water pollution– 城市、工业点源、农业非点源 外来入侵物种 Invasive Species 栖息地破坏 habitat damage– 渠化、航道建设过度捕捞 overharvesting全球气候变化 climate change

A Global and US Perspective:

Building a Sustainable Energy Future in a World Adapting to Climate Change

Nicole Silk, The Nature Conservancy

Bowdoin College - October 24, 2009

Photo credits, Darin Busby and The Nature Conservancy

- Hydro total potential: 0.4-0.5billion kw/hrs

- Current: 0.14 – 0.2 billion kw/hrs

- 12th 5 yr plan: 2/3 of 11.4% non-petro

based energy

Hydrodam and low-carbon society低碳社会中的水电水电的诱惑 hydropower’s temptation:

– 清洁的 , 可再生的能源；没有或者几乎可以忽略不计的二氧化碳排放量 clean and neglectable CO2 emission particularly in post-Copenhagen era

– 就当前的能源状况而言，水电是一个不可能回避的选择 hydropower Vs coal-based energy production;“ 清洁”水电的生态影响 : Ecological impact of

“clean" hydropower– 改变水文过程– 改变水温和泥沙量– 淹没栖息地– 洄游通道被阻断– 洪泛平原丧失

4. EIA Processes on Dam: public participation and information disclosure

1. Annual Expert Review Committee on modification to National Protected Areas in SEPA (on-going for 3 years)

County Safeguard

mechanism

4. Media

support

3. Petitions to National Congress through CCPCC, and CPC

members

2. Information disclosure and legal demand for administrative

review