تمارين استهلاك المادة العضوية وتدفق الطاقة

hcekarraM - noitamroF al ed te noitacudEl ed sreitM sed lanoigR ertneC - erreT al ed te eiV al ed secneicS ----------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

54/1 [email protected] hcekarraM FEMRC erreT al ed te eiV al ed secneicS DIMHAMA .O

. : 9

PTA 9

: .

/



11

PTA .

.

22 PTA

.

:

. - PTA -

. 0102 - )CP( -

33

PTA .

:

. PTA

:

9 9

. PTA +H 0102 - )TVS( -

44 .

. 8002 - )CP( -

55 PTA

.

. PTA

. :

8002 - )TVS( - .



66 :

. 9

1 . 2OC 2O

2OC 2O .1

2P 1P

.2

2P 1P

2 . 9 .

2O ( 2 ) 2

: 1T)

PCCF: 4T PTA : 3T iP PDA : 2T

. 2O 3 . (2

. 2 .3

3T-2T 2T-1T 3 .4

. PTA 4T 4T-3T

2

3

1



77 :

9

. . 1 .

1 .1

.

(.R(=g g/ ) 001x) . .2

. .

9

2 .

.

. 3

.1 2

(2) 4 9 : 2O

(2) 4 :1T ( ) :2T iP+PDA lm60.0 :3T iP+PDA lm21.0 :4T . 2O 3

2O .4

.

88 :

E D 9 . 1 . 2OC 2O

3

2

g51 g54

g57.3 g54.0 2OC

1



E D 2OC 2O 1 .1

.

2O 9 :E D

T

2 .

.

2O . 2

E D

E D 9

.

3 .

.

E D . 3

.

99 nopmat noitulos

: .

. 0T : 9 etaniccuS 1T

3

2

1



.NCK 2T . sberK

.

1T 0T .1

2T

.2

: 9

1T .

. 2T

. .3

0011 :

. 1 9

.1 .1

. A .2

1



A iP PDA 2O 9.

. 2

:iP 2O A .3

. .

. .

PND 9. PTA +H

3

.

.PTA PND .4

. .5

stnanrebiH 9

A iP PDA .

PTA +H

. 4 . 2O

. .6

.7

A

.

1111 : PTA

+H 1 9 2O : 2O :

2 . PCCF

.

iP 2O A

2

+H

PTA

2O 2O

4

PTA

PND

3



. .1

PTA 3 9 .

. PTA .2

.PCCF PTA .3

erunayc 9 .

2O 1

.

. .4

2121 : PTA

. 5.7=Hp 2O 9 . 2O PTA

. 1

1

1 2

2HT

Hp

5

2O

3



. 2 9

. 2O PTA 2 .1

. PTA 1 2 .2

8002 - )TVS( -

3131 G . P G :

P

. ( )

.

. %11

. fT 0T 1

. P G .1

2

1



P G 9 . 2 .

. P G . 2

9 muizolartt-lynhpirt

. nazamrof

muizolartt-lynhpirt 9

G P

. PTA

( %) =)

. 3 .(

G P

5 4

51

2

3

1

2



P G 3 .3

.

4141

.PTA 9 .

: : 1

: 2

: PTA 2H'R

:PTA 2H'R : 3

.1

.

G 9 . P

1 .

.

G

. P

2H'R2 + HOOCOC3HC2 'R2 + 6O21H6C 2 PTA2 iP2+PDA2

O2H21 + 'R21 2O6 + 2H'R21

PTA23 iP23+PDA23

1

2H'R01 + 2OC6 'R01 + O2H6 + HOOCOC3HC2

PTA2 iP2+PDA2 2



. iP + PDA 2O

2O

.2

. 2 1 .2

9 :

2H'R 2O . 3 iP PDA

.

. .3

PTA 3 2 1 .4

.P G

5151 .

. 1 9

2 9

.

PTA - 2O 'R 2H'R -

PTA - 2O 'R 2H'R -

3

.

2O .

1

2



.2 1 .1

2O 3 9 NCK ( ) NCK

.( )

. PTA 1 PTA PTA

. NCK .2

6161 : PTA

9 . .

)007x(

(.1 )

.

2O

.

2

3



. .1

ruetsaP 9

1

.3

.2

.

. 3

.

. .4

9 )0=t( .

3 1 .

. 3 2

1

. )+(

2



. 2OC .1

3 2 1 .2

.

7171 .

A . B A

. B

:

B A -

)2OC( )2O( .

1 ( ) ( ) .

. B A

.

( ) . 2 -

. B ( ) A

)nim 0 = t(

)nim 7 = t( ++ ++++

. )+(

(2 ) 3 (1 )

1



.B A 2 1 .1

3 -

. B A

3 .2

. B A

0102 - )TVS( -

3

2



8181 PTA .I

: .

PTA 1 -

.GK07

. PTA 1 .1

PTA ( ) 2 -

( ) m001

.

.PTA 2 .2

PTA PTA . II

:

+H+HDAN 2HDAF : -

1t : PTA +H

PCCF 2t

. ( ) 3 . +H

. +H :

PTA

loMm

jK

jK

53 5.7 1.5 081 021

1

() ()

2



: -

. ( ) 3 .

4 -

.

+H 4 .3

( 3 ) 2t 2t 1t PTA

(. 3 )

0102 - )CP( -

4

3



9191 : PTA

eldrAcM 9 1 .

2

.

: 2 1 .1

.

eldrAcM. .

eldrAcM 9

. 3

eldrAcM ( 1 ) esalyrohpsohP engocylG

. 4 .

eldrAcM .2

.

3

4

2 1



9 .

:

. BII I . 5

PTA 5 .3

.

. RAPP

. RAPP .

. ( BII I ) 6

7

.

9 . 8 .

g/nim/lomu :

:KFP

: SC

SBERk : HDL : TPC

6.0 32 02 I 1.0 01 69 BII

5

BII

+ ++

++

+

+ +++ : TPC

++

+

I

6

I

BII

I

7

BII



. RAPP .4 . RAPP .5. RAPP .6

0102 - )CP( -

0202 .

PTA . PTA

:

)6O21H6C( 9 . 1-L.g 6 5,1

. 1

. 1 .1

9 : 3

: 1

PTA4 iP4+PDA4 iP2+PDA2 PTA2

2 - 3- 2

1

8



.PTA

:2 .PTA

:3 PTA.

2

.

. 2

2

.

B 3 9 (. )

3 2 1 .3

. PTA

1212 I :

II

3

2



1 .

. II I 2

2 1 .1

. II I

. 3

.2

.

I II 1

:esaPTA

PTA

esatehtnys PTA

PTA

+ +++ +++ +++ + +++I

+++ + + + +++ +II

. + :

2

3

8002 - )CP( -



2222 enitioporhtyrE OPE

OPE .

:

9 1 1 .

1 2 (. 2 ) ( 1 )

. HDM HDL

9

. enitioporhtyrE OPE 2 9

:1 .1

. HDM HDL .

.

.

OPE 2 .2

.

9002 - )CP( -

enirivabiR

.

. OPE enirivabiR

2

(1 )

(2 )

HDL

HDM

1

2

1



3232 enicymogilo'l

: .

:1 9 . .

. 1 . PTA

:2 9 :

. : 1T iP+PDA. : 2T : 3T .2T

2O 2

.

2 .1

. 1

:3 9

.

2O

3 . PDA iP ( ) 2HR

.

g/gm g PTA )gm

(

PTA

53.1 53.1

PTA

0 53.1

.

1

2



:3 .2

. .

. .

9002 - )CP( -

4242

.

:

( ) 9 1 ( ) . B A

. B A ( )

. 2 9

+ + + 2HR

- - + PTA ( : - ) )+(:

3

1

iP2 + PDA2

PTA2

2

) (

F

A 2

1 )(2

2

E

- e

+H

2O

O2H

2OC

)iP + PDA(43PTA2 )iP + PDA(2

E

PTA43

2



A 3

. B

. B A 1 .1

2 .2

.

3 2 1 .3

.

9002 - )TVS( -

5252 enicymogilo'l

: .

9 . : 2 , : 1

. 1 . 2 1

.2 1 1 .1

1

:1 ()

g/gm

80.1

80.1

53.1 53.1 PTA

:2

g/gm

80.1 80.1

0 53.1 PTA

B A

) (

F

E

3



PTA 9 . 2 .

2 .2

. PTA

. 2 1 .3

PTA 3 1 :

. 2

2H'R 2O

. Hp Hp PDA iP

- 2

2H'R PTA

2H'R PTA

2H'R PTA

. PTA 2H'R :

- -2

+H

.

2

e -e -e -e-e -

+H

+H

+H +H

+H

+H

+H+HDAN+DAN

2HDAFDAF

PTA iP + PDA

+H+HDAN

2HDAF+'R2H'R

+DAN

DAF

2O

O2H

1

3



3 2 .4

PTA

.

9002 - )TVS( -

6622

:

( = eispoib= ) 9 .

1

I

. II

.1

9 . 2 .

.2

.

I .3

II

7722

: PTA

1 9

.(...3I



+2aC 9 +2aC.

. 2

. +2aC enirouq'L 9

. .

. 3

: 2 .2

. C B A .

. +2aC .

. 3 dc cb ba .3

. +2aC 3 2 .4

PTA 9 PTA 4 . PTA

.

3

2

mk01 m008 m001 13 2 2.0 nm 5492 023 07 jk

03 03 03 JK

1 9 34 % 001 001 82 JK

5.3 13 04 %

5282 091 21 JK 5.59 06 71 %

4



. PTA .5

. PTA 3 .6

I: 9 II

.5

5 .7

.

5 4 .8

.mk01

8822 :

: 9 (.) : 1 . : 2

. 1

. .1

9 .3

: .2

.

.2 1

. PTA .

.3

.

PTA +2aC+: 1

+ PTA

++2aC: 2 + PTA

+: 3 PTA+ +2aC+

2

lomm/gk

PTA

- 5 1.0 80.1

1

8.4 4.0 8.0

2

0 1.0 80.1

1

II I

: 2O

5



. 2O 3 9 2O ..4

.

.

.

3

4 9

.

. 4 3 2 1 F E D C B A ..5

.( ) 4 .

. PTA .

9922 :

9 . II I

. 1

.1

.

n

)6O21H6C( n2

HOOC-HC-3HC

n2 HOOC-HOHC-3HC

iPn2+PDAn2 A

Rn2 B

1

2

n2)6O21H6C( n

HOOC-HC-3HC

2OCn6

iPn2+PDAn2 A

+Rn2 BiPn2+PDAn2

CD

1

+Rn01

3

4

F iPn43+PDAn43

.O2Hn6 E

+Rn21

1 2 4

: R(DAF DAN)

III 2O :

)esaPTA enisoyM( PTA

1

1

2

4

38

01

6

4

2

003 002 001 ttaW

2O nm/L

L/Mm

3



esaPTA .2

2 9 .(h2>) (nm2



. PTA .2

9 2 . II I :

.

(. ) .3

3 9 .II I

: .4

PTA .

. .

.

.

II %08 .5

. I %02

1313 :

1T . 9 1 PTA. 2T +2aC

. PTA 2 .

%0

%05

%001

.....II.......

.........I

2

II I

+++ ++ + ++ +++ ++

++ + PTA + ++ + ++

+ ++ ++ +

1



1 .1

. 2 .2

. PTA 9 .

. 3 . g gm

.3 .3

. 9 . (4 A )

+ PDA PTA +:

. 4 B

4 .4

.5

.

g gm 8.0 80.1

03.1 1

53.1 53.1 PTA 1 1

3

g gm

)A(

)B(

80.1 80.1 80.1

1 1 1

0 53.1 53.1 PTA 1 3.0 1

4

1

) ( n

)6O21H6C(n

IPn2 + PDAN2

2n)HOOCOC3HC(n2

2n)HOOCHOHC3HC(n2

PTAn2

2H'Rn2'Rn2

1

2

2



2323 PTA

. PTA .

. 1 9 %5

%11

.

1 .1

.

. 2

2 9

.

. 2 .3

3 9

.

3 .4

3 2 1 .5

.

g gm 43.5 2.12 Lm001/Lm 2O

06 54 Lm001/Lm 2OC

2 4 L/lomm

8.2



3333 : PTA

. 9 . 1

. PTA 1 .1

2 9

.

2 .2

( )

.

9

.

3 . .

.

4 3 2 1 .3

. PTA 4 9

iP PDA PTA++2aC+ PTA++2aC+ 1 PTA++2aC+ PTA++2aC+ 2

iP PDA ++2aC PTA+ +PTA++2aC++ 3 4

+

PTA++2aC+ iP PDA ++2aC PTA+ +

3

g gm

PTA

53.1 1 80.1

53.1 03.1 8.0 : A

: B

53.1 1 80.1

1

057

005

052

06761 4521 638 81402

03

04

05

gk / seluoJ

m

m / gni

gk /

mc 3

m / ni

gk /

2



3 2 4 . 4 .

4343

:

9 .

:

0=T PTA. 1T 2T

. PTA

1

.

1 .1

PTA 2 9 .

6O21H6C

PTA 2 iP 2 + PDA2

2H'R2 'R2

HOOCHOHC 3HC 2

HOOCOC 3HC 2

3

1

)eluojolik(

)eluojolik(

PTA

)L/elomillim(

gk gk 07

gk03

6 4 52.0 71.0 71.1 5.7 1.5 53

081 021

2



mn001 9 . ( 3 1 )

( )

. iP PDA 2HR 2O

. 3 2

. PTA 3 2 .2

5533 . II I

:

2 II I 1 9 .

II I

6.0 4.0retnirpS

2.0 8.0

3 2 5 4

1

2H'R PTA

2H'R PTA

2H'R PTA

2 - 3 PTA. 2H'R :

1 - 3



:2 1 .1

II I .

. PTA

.HDM HDL .

6633 : PTA

1 9 BII AII I 2

.

. 1 .1

1

2

I

BII

AII

II I

213 152 24 13(1) : esangordyhsD etatcaL HDL

6 3 71 51 (2) esangordyhsD etalaM: HDM

: HDL (1)

HDM( 2)

:

3O6H3C2 2H'R2 + 3O4H3C2

2H'R01 + 2OC6 O2H6 + 'R01 + 3O4H3C2

2



. BII AII I 2 .2

.3

9 I

3 .BII AII

PTA

.

.4

BII AII I

9 4 . BII AII I

.

. BII AII I . .5

PTA .

BII. AII I

BII AII I .6

(.4 3 ) ( 2 )

( 2 ) 5 (1 -5 ) reissef 9 . BII AII I

( ) .7

. (. )

. 1 .8

9002 - )CP( -

-2 5

I AII BII AII+BII

7.8 0.15 3.04 3.19

esroH-retrauQ

yenoP 0.22 9.93 1.83 0.87

8.03 1.73 8.73 9.47

-1 5

PTA

s/3mm/lomn

s/

50.1 540.0 I-CHM 33.2 861.0 AII-CHM 96.3 032.0 BII-CHM

3

BII AII I

+++ ++ + + ++ +++

+ ++ +++ + ++ +++

+ ++ +++

++ ++ + +++ ++ +

. )+(

4



7733 euqitngam ecnanosR )NMR( 9

PTA: P13 erialcun

. 1 . 8

PTA .1

. .2

: .3

. .

.

9 2 .

.

. .4

. .5

. .6

2

1



8833 1 . 9

.( )

. .1

B A .2

. B A .3

2 9 .

2 .4

:

. .

.

.

3 9 II I

.

3 .5

.3 .6

1

2

II I

%51 %58

%74 %35

%07 %03

3



9393 :

PTA 1 9 .

PTA 1 .1

.

9 h/mk1 rehcuoB-regeL

. AMV

2

.

2 .2

.

9 :

1

5.11

5.21

5.31

5.41

5.51

5.61

V M

A

2



2O OC OC 2O . 2O

4 3 .

. OC

. OC 4 3 .3

. 5 . Hp

. Hp

. 5 .4

.5

.

Lm001 OC Lm

g 2O Lm

823.1 082.0

012.1 002.2

3

4

L/gm 05 L/gm 051 L/gm 005

Hp 4.7 83.7 53.7 HDL :

. 5

تمارين استهلاك المادة العضوية وتدفق الطاقة

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