Wolfgang_Voegler_Tillage_Prague_June11
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EMEAcropprotection
EMEA
Safe usage of Roundup in conservationtillage systems
Dr. Wolfgang Voegler, Prague June, 2011
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EMEAAgenda
2
Tillage systems per definition
Advantages of Conversation tillage systems
„Green bridge“
Use recommendations
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EMEAConservation tillage is the ONLY chanceunder such soil conditions
3
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EMEATillage sytems per definition
4
Conservationtillage
ConservationTillage
ConventionalTillage (Plough)
No‐Till, Direct Drill
Tillage system DrillingSeedbed preparationMain tillage
Source: KTBL, 1998
The more soil tillage is reduced the higher is the risk to fail!
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Conservation tillage has a lot of advantagesTraditional
Food production
“TraditionalMethod”
Conservation tillage
=
less traffic &Technical problems
time & manpower saving
+
less fuel
+
water infiltration
+ + ++ + +
Water Quality
CO2 Emission Air pollution soil fertility bioderversity
safes safes safes
2 h / ha&
2 or more passes in the
field=
~
30 l / ha
improved
• organic material on the soil surface
• earth wormpopulation • more soil pores
•Soil ersosionreduced by93%• 70 % lesseintrags bis70% reduced • up to 99 % less water run off
improved reducedreduced
by1,2 ‐ 1,7 t / ha
•Reduced wind erosion
•Less tillage operations =reduced CO2 /CH4sequestration
Organic mattercontent
improved improved
Protection,food
Conservation TillageBenefits & Advantages – a short statement
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EMEAConservation tillage – some pointsto be considered
Overall trend to cereal concentration in the crop rotationExample: WW‐WW‐WB – OSR
better: OSR – WW – Legume – WW/WB
Short time frame for tillage operations, essp. If early drillings (WW ‐> WW)Work in parallel (harvest, soil tillage, drilling….)
Crop management has to consider CT specifics like:Higher organic matter content (straw, crop residues) on the surfaceHigher soil moisture content = lower temperature = different N‐mineralizationChange in the weed as well as disease spectrum possible
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EMEANecessery system adoptionsStraw management
Fragmentation and equal distribution
Equipment for stubble cultivation
Just a few cm, break soil compaction upfront
Drilling equipment
Drilling into a straw soil free horizon, „strip till“
Reduced tyre pressure to reduce soil compaction
Weed management
Leaf active vs. soil active compounds
Brome, perennial weeds (CIRAR; AGGRE is not a problem)
Disease Management
Fusarium; HTR/DTR
Fertilization
Different timing of N‐application, liquid fertilizers
………..
System adoptions are feasible!7
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EMEAStraw management is very important forthe success of Conservation tillage
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Optimum: 1…5 cm
1 cm depth ~ 1 l Diesel/ha
Room for improvement!
Much better: short stubble and equal straw distribution
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EMEATillage scheme – just one example
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(Roundup before harvestto control perennial weeds= clean start)
Roundup after emergenceof volunteers and weeds~ 2…3 weeksafter harvest= Control of „Green bridge“
Shallow cultivation just a fewcentimetersStraw distribution, N‐fertlisation 30….60 kg N
Reduced tillage or direct drilling
Clean start and control of „Green Bridge“ is the FIRST step for a successfullintroduction of Conservation tillage systems
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Why? ‐ Just a few examples of the negative impact of the “Green Bridge”
Ceuthorhynchus napi
Psylliodeschrysocephalus
Brassicogethesaeneus
Mice
Fotos: BASF, DSV
Snails
Aphids
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Consequences if „Green Bridge“ wasnot controlled
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Brome in wheat, volunteer winter barley etc.
Rye or wheat in w.barley
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EMEARoundup application is reducing plant diseases like Plasmodiophora brassicae
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EMEAEarly control of the „Green Bridge“ withRoundup should be a common practice
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Untreated 1080 G AE 1080 G AE 720 G AE/haHeight @ application: OSR: 20….30 cm OSR 10 cm
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EMEAGlyphosate Fate in Soil
• Tightly absorbed to clay particles and cations present in the soil, tank, or leaf surface. Thus, leading to reduced bioactivity and no soil residual herbicidal activity.
• Degraded mainly by microbial decomposition to the natural products, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, phosphate, and water. Half‐life in the soil varies, but common ranges are 30‐45 days.
• Even if Glyphosate is dedected in the soil it does not automatically mean thatit is available for plants!
• There is no negativ impact on the microbial activity.
• Runoff and leaching is not an issue
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EMEAMicrobial activity (C02 production) after GLY application
15Source: Machulla, Hohenheim Nov. 2009
Plough Reduced till No Till
Gly application has no negativimpact on the microbialactivity.
A higher microbial activitymeans also a fasterdegradation of appliedchemicals!
days
Soil matrix upper soil
Soil matrix deeper soil
Macro pores upper soil
Macro pores deeper soil
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EMEAGLY damage ?
16Source: Naeser LfULG Fachgespräch, 23.11.2010
GLY damage due to product leaching after rainfall?
Direct drilled cereals after catch crop
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EMEARight drilling equipment?
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EMEAA much better option
18Straw, organic material should be removed from the drilling row
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EMEAConclusion
Roundup® products have been widely used for more than 30 years, are safe for the environment and crops.
Growers experiences with Roundup® brands have been extremelypositive including excellent weed control and profit potential.
Roundup® products – are key for success of conservation tillagesystems.
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Many thanks
Wolfgang.voegler@monsanto.com