Wolfgang_Voegler_Tillage_Prague_June11

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Safe usage of Roundup in conservationtillage systems

Dr. Wolfgang Voegler, Prague June, 2011

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EMEAAgenda 

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Tillage systems per definition

Advantages of Conversation tillage systems

„Green bridge“

Use recommendations

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EMEAConservation tillage is the ONLY chanceunder such soil conditions

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EMEATillage sytems per definition

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Conservationtillage

ConservationTillage

ConventionalTillage (Plough)

No‐Till, Direct Drill

Tillage system DrillingSeedbed preparationMain tillage

Source: KTBL, 1998

The more soil tillage is reduced the higher is the risk to fail! 

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Conservation tillage has a lot of advantagesTraditional 

Food production

“TraditionalMethod”

Conservation tillage

=

less traffic &Technical problems

time & manpower saving

+

less fuel

+

water infiltration

+ + ++ + +

Water Quality

CO2 Emission Air pollution soil fertility bioderversity

safes safes safes

2 h / ha&

2 or more passes in the 

field=

~

30  l / ha

improved

• organic material on the soil surface

• earth wormpopulation • more soil pores

•Soil ersosionreduced by93%• 70 % lesseintrags bis70% reduced • up to 99 % less water run off 

improved reducedreduced

by1,2 ‐ 1,7 t / ha

•Reduced wind erosion 

•Less tillage operations =reduced CO2 /CH4sequestration

Organic mattercontent

improved improved

Protection,food

Conservation TillageBenefits & Advantages – a short statement

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EMEAConservation tillage – some pointsto be considered

Overall trend to cereal concentration in the crop rotationExample: WW‐WW‐WB – OSR 

better: OSR – WW – Legume – WW/WB

Short time frame for tillage operations, essp. If early drillings (WW ‐> WW)Work in parallel (harvest, soil tillage, drilling….)

Crop management has to consider CT specifics like:Higher organic matter content (straw, crop residues) on the surfaceHigher soil moisture content = lower temperature = different N‐mineralizationChange in the weed as well as disease spectrum possible

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EMEANecessery system adoptionsStraw management

Fragmentation and equal distribution

Equipment for stubble cultivation

Just a few cm, break soil compaction upfront

Drilling equipment

Drilling into a straw soil free horizon, „strip till“

Reduced tyre pressure to reduce soil compaction

Weed management

Leaf active vs. soil active compounds

Brome, perennial weeds (CIRAR; AGGRE is not a problem)

Disease Management

Fusarium; HTR/DTR

Fertilization

Different timing of N‐application, liquid fertilizers

………..

System adoptions are feasible!7

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EMEAStraw management is very important forthe success of Conservation tillage

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Optimum: 1…5 cm

1 cm depth ~ 1 l Diesel/ha

Room for improvement!

Much better: short stubble and equal straw distribution

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EMEATillage scheme – just one example

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(Roundup before harvestto control perennial weeds= clean start)

Roundup after emergenceof volunteers and weeds~ 2…3 weeksafter harvest= Control of „Green bridge“

Shallow cultivation just a fewcentimetersStraw distribution, N‐fertlisation 30….60 kg N

Reduced tillage or direct drilling

Clean start and control of „Green Bridge“ is the FIRST step for a successfullintroduction of Conservation tillage systems

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Why? ‐ Just a few examples of the negative impact of the “Green Bridge”

Ceuthorhynchus napi

Psylliodeschrysocephalus

Brassicogethesaeneus

Mice

Fotos: BASF, DSV

Snails

Aphids

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Consequences if „Green Bridge“ wasnot controlled

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Brome in wheat, volunteer winter barley etc.

Rye or wheat in w.barley

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EMEARoundup application is reducing plant diseases like Plasmodiophora brassicae

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EMEAEarly control of the „Green Bridge“ withRoundup should be a common practice

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Untreated 1080 G AE 1080 G AE 720 G AE/haHeight @ application:    OSR: 20….30 cm OSR 10 cm 

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EMEAGlyphosate Fate in Soil

• Tightly absorbed to clay particles and cations present in the soil, tank, or leaf surface.  Thus, leading to reduced bioactivity and no soil residual herbicidal activity.

• Degraded mainly by microbial decomposition to the natural products, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, phosphate, and water.  Half‐life in the soil varies, but common ranges are 30‐45 days. 

• Even if Glyphosate is dedected in the soil it does not automatically mean thatit is available for plants!

• There is no negativ impact on the microbial activity.

• Runoff and leaching is not an issue

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EMEAMicrobial activity (C02 production) after GLY application

15Source: Machulla, Hohenheim Nov. 2009

Plough Reduced till No Till

Gly application has no negativimpact on the microbialactivity. 

A higher microbial activitymeans also a fasterdegradation of appliedchemicals!

days

Soil matrix upper soil

Soil matrix deeper soil

Macro pores upper soil

Macro pores deeper soil

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EMEAGLY damage ?

16Source: Naeser LfULG Fachgespräch, 23.11.2010

GLY damage due to product leaching after rainfall?

Direct drilled cereals after catch crop

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EMEARight drilling equipment?

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EMEAA much better option

18Straw, organic material should be removed from the drilling row

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EMEAConclusion

Roundup® products have been widely used for more than 30 years, are safe for the environment and crops.

Growers experiences with Roundup® brands have been extremelypositive including excellent weed control and profit potential.

Roundup® products – are key for success of conservation tillagesystems.

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Many thanks

[email protected]