Transcript
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Design of WLAN Notch UWBAntenna with Improved Band
Selectivity
Presented by:
R.NateshM.E.- Comm. Systems(P.T.)Reg. No.: 910011818022
Guided by:
Mr.V.Arun M.E.,Department of Electronics & Communication EngineeringANNA UNIVERSITY CHENNAIREGIONAL CENTRE, MADURAI
28 December 2013
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Objective
To design UWB antenna with
Notch band for WLAN 802.11 a of 5.15 GHz to 5.825 GHz
Improved band selectivity
Band selectivity can be improved by introducing
Quarter wavelength open ended slot for lower frequency
of 5.15 GHz
Half wavelength short ring of 5.825 GHz in ground planenear feed line
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Outline
IntroductionUltra Wideband and its advantages Interferences and notch antenna
Literature Survey
Survey works and Problem Identification
Work Background Microstrip Patch Antenna , Feeding Techniques and its shapes
Microstrip Patch Antenna Design
Proposed Work
System Flow Diagram
Antenna Design
Results and Discussions
Conclusion and Future work
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Introduction
In 2002 FCC released the regulation for Ultra wideband
Spectrum from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz is allocated
Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP) is less than -
41.3 dBm/MHz for the unlicensed indoor UWB wireless
communication system
UWB technology which is based on transmitting ultra short
pulses with duration of only a few nanoseconds or less
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Introduction
Advantages of UWB antenna
High data rates and large channel capacity
Excellent immunity to multipath interference
Low complexity and cost
Low power consumption
Coexistence with other wireless communication
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Interferences in UWB
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UWB Notch Antenna
UWB antenna should be designed with a notch
UWB transmitters should not cause any electromagnetic
interference to nearby communication systems
To avoid interferences with other narrow band frequencies
antenna must filter
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Literature SurveySl.No Title & Author Problems Methodology Achieved
Result
Problems
faced
1 Yi-Cheng Lin,Member, IEEE, andKuan-Jung Hung(November 2006),
CompactUltrawidebandRectangular ApertureAntenna and Band-Notched Designs inIEEE Transactions onAntennas andPropagation, vol. 54,no. 11.
Slotantenna wasdesigned forUWB
applicationswhich haswidebandwidthFork likestub requireslarge spaceDifficult tomodify thedesignedantenna forband notch
Rectangularaperture etchedout from theground plane
with FR4substrateThree bandnotch designimplementedAperture areareducedisolated,open andparasitic stripsintroduced
ReturnLoss > -10dB for 5-6.4GHz
Isolatedslit hasbetterperformancewhereparasiticstrip haspoorperformance
Notchbandinterferewith UWB
frequencydue toparasiticelement
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Literature SurveySl.No Title & Author Problems Methodology Achieved
Result
Problems
faced
2 Qing-Xin Chu,Member, IEEE, andYing-Ying Yang(December 2008), A
Compact Ultrawideband AntennaWith 3.4/5.5 GHzDual Band-NotchedCharacteristics inIEEE Transactions onAntennas andPropagation, vol. 56,no.12.
Cansuitable onlyfor narrowfrequency
notch bandnotminimizes thenotch bandproperlynotsuitable forportablesystems
Dual bandnotchcharacteristicsof 3.4 and 5.5
GHzFR4 substratewith dielectricconstant of 4.4two nested C-shaped slots inUWB antennafor notch bandsin the patch
Dualnotch bandachievedfrom 3.3-3.6
GHz and 5-6GHz
Slotproduced inthe patchwhich
possible tointerferencewith theUWBfrequency
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Literature SurveySl.No Title & Author Problems Methodology Achieved
Result
Problems
faced
3 Yan Zhang, WeiHong,Yu-Dan Don,and Jian-Yi Zhou(2008), Planar
UltrawidebandAntennas WithMultiple NotchedBands Based onEtched Slots on thePatch and/or SplitRing Resonators on
the Feed Line inIEEE Transactions onAntennas andPropagation, vol. 56,no. 9.
Only onenotch bandcan performFrequency
band coversfrom 2 to 6.5GHz
Three narrowband notchband introducedfor 2.4,3.5,5.8
GHz by parasiticThreeantennas1. Several slots
etched onpatch
2. Special feedline withband notch
3. Synthesizeby formertwo
CoversUWB rangeof 2.110.5GHz
Triplenotch bandsof1. 2.23-
2.45 GHz2. 3.26
3.48 GHz3. 5.54
5.88 GHz Ant.2 in
1.899.8 GHz
Not inUWB rangeDue toparasitic
elementsimperfectwill occurs
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Literature SurveySl.No Title & Author Problems Methodology Achieved
Result
Problems
faced
4 Yuan Dan Dong, WeiHong, SeniorMember, IEEE, ZhenQi Kuai, and Ji Xin
Chen, (July 2009),Analysis of PlanarUltrawidebandAntennas with On-Ground Slot Band-Notched Structuresin IEEE Transactionson Antennas andPropagation, vol. 57,no. 7.
incorporateslots into theantennasmain radiator
they holdback theradiation ofthe mainpatch ofnotchfrequency
Two antennas1. pair of open
ended L-shape on
ground2. pair of
square halfwavelengthslotresonator
Dielectricsubstrate withdielectricconstant of 2.65Designed tonotch 5.8 GHz
Notchband canachievedfrom 5.1
GHz to 6.3GHz
Notchband out ofrange
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Literature SurveySl.No Title & Author Problems Methodology Achieved
Result
Problems
faced
5 Tzyh-Ghuag Ma adJyh-Woei Tsai,(August 2010),Band-Rejected Ultra
wideband PlanarMonopole Antennawith High FrequencySelectivity andControllableBandwidth UsingInductively Coupled
Resonator Pairs inIEEE Transactions onAntennas andPropagation, vol. 58,no.8.
Previousmethodssingle pairresonator is
usedFrequencyselectivity isdifficultBandwidthcontrolled isdifficultAsynchronously tunedcoupledresonators
Utilizing twopair ofhorizontallyplaced folded
strip withinductivecoupling schemeRogerssubstrate withdielectricconstant of 3.38RejectionBand at 5.15GHz-5.85 GHz
RetrunLoss < -10dB,3 GHz-8GHz
ReturnLoss > -5dB,5.075-5.375GHzMaximumRL -2.72dB,5.18 GHz
Notcoversentire UWBrange
Selectivityof notchband ispoor
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Literature SurveySl.No Title & Author Problems Methodology Achieved
Result
Problems
faced
6 Zhi-An Zheng, Qing-Xin Chu, Member,IEEE, and Zhi-HongTu, (February 2011),
Compact Band-RejectedUltrawideband SlotAntennas InsertingWith 2 and 4Resonators in IEEETransactions OnAntennas andPropagation, vol. 59,no. 2.
filters usednotcompactsmaller
size antennaReturn Loss
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Literature SurveySl.No Title & Author Problems Methodology Achieved
Result
Problems
faced
7 Kenny SeungwooRyu, StudentMember, IEEE, andAhmed A. Kishk,
Fellow, IEEE(December 20009),UWB Antenna withSingle or Dual Band-Notches for LowerWLAN Band andUpper WLAN Bandin IEEE Transactionson Antennas andPropagation, vol. 57,no. 12.
Notchband createdonly for loweror upper
WLANMulti bandnot producesappropriatebandrejectionStrongcouplingbetween twoband notch
Two antennasdesigned forsingle notch anddual band notch
Ant.1implemented bysingle notch offrequency from4.77-5.77 GHzAnt.2implemented bydual notch of5.05-5.04 GHz &5.75-5.87 GHz
Ant.1producesnotch bandof 4.98 to
6.3 GHzAnt.2producesnotch bandof 5.12-5.59GHz and 5.7-5.948 GHz
Notchband out ofrange wereWLAN
creates5.15-5.85GHz
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Literature Survey
Sl.No Title & Author Problems Methodology Achieved Result
Problemsfaced
8 A Novel PrintedUWB Slot Antenna
withReconfigurableBand-NotchCharacteristicsNasrin Tasouji,Javad Nourinia,
Changiz Ghobadi,and Farzad Tofigh
Only onenotch used
modifiedrectangular
Patchantennas witha circular andthreerectangularslots cut on it
FR4substrate
bandwidth about
3.12 to12.51GHzNotchbands of3.12 to
3.84 GHzWiMAXand 5-6.07 GHzWLAN
Not on aUWB
frequencyrange
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Literature Survey
Sl.No Title & Author Problems Methodology Achieved Result
Problemsfaced
9 Triple Band-Notched UWBPlanar MonopoleAntenna Using aModified H-ShapedResonatorY. Sung
multipleresonatorsneeded formultipleband notchfrequencies
embeddeda modified H-shapedresonator withan with anadditionalouter linebeside the
microstripfeed line
VSWR>2Bandstop at3 GHz5.2 GHz7.25 to8.395
GHz
Only onenotch bandhad the flatresponse
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Literature SurveySl.No Title & Author Problems Methodology Achieve
d Result
Problems
faced
10 Rotatable DualBand-NotchedUWB/Triple-Band
WLANReconfigurableAntennaParisa Lotfi,MohammadnaghiAzarmanesh
work eitherin notchband or
triple WLANfrequencyband
controlledthe rotationalpatch at
differentstates
overallgain was1dBi
1.6 dBifor firstband0.9 dBiforsecond
band0.5 dBifor thirdband
gain variesfromdifferent
bands inTriple bandreconfigurable WLAN
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Literature SurveySl.No Title & Author Problems Methodology Achieve
d ResultProblemsfaced
11 Multiple Band-Notched UWBAntenna WithBand-Rejected
ElementsIntegrated in theFeed LineFuguo Zhu, StevenGao, Anthony TSHo, Raed A. Abd-Alhameed, Chan H.See, TimWCBrown,Jianzhou Li
cointerferenceoccurred inmultiband
notch
Triple notchobtained byhalf circlepatch with an
openrectangular slotand half circleground
5 dBiandVSWRobtained
in thestopbands of22Notchbands in3.3 to3.6 GHz,5.15 -5.35GHz,5.725-5.825GHz
limited bandnotchperformance
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Literature SurveySl.No Title & Author Problems Methodology Achieve
d Result
Problems
faced
12 BandwidthEnhancement ofCPW-Fed Circle-Like
Slot Antenna WithDual Band-NotchedCharacteristicSeyed RaminEmadian, ChangizGhobadi, Javad
Nourinia
employing afractalshaped
tuning stubsembeddinga pair of Lshapedstubs one ormore band
rejectedelementshadobtained
circle likeslots and twonested C
shaped stubs
frequency rangesfrom 2.5
to 25 GHzVSWRless than2
Minimumgain wasachieved in
the lowerfrequencies
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Literature SurveySl.No Title & Author Problems Methodology Achieved
Result
Problems
faced
13 Novel Design ofDual Band-Notched MonopoleAntenna withBandwidthEnhancement forUWB ApplicationsNasser Ojaroudiand Mohammad
Ojaroudi
antennadesignedwithin theantennaradiator orthe backside of thelayer
squareradiatingpatch with ainverted Tshaped slotsurrounded byC shaped slotInserting aT shaped slot
insideinverting T
frequency rangeoperates in2.71 to12.06 GHzradiationefficiencyof 31%and 29% in
notchbands
didnt hada sharpselectivityon notchbands
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Literature Survey
Sl.No Title & Author Problems Methodology AchievedResult Problemsfaced
14 A CompactNotched Band UWBSlot Antenna withSharp Selectivityand ControllableBandwidthQing-Xin Chu, Chun-Xu Mao, and He Zhu
didnt offerssharpselectivity
By slittingan openended quarterwavelengthslot and shortended halfwavelengthon the ground
near thestepped slot
Selectivityimprovedin rangeof 5.15 to5.85 GHz
only singlenotchfrequency isobtained
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Problem Identification
Selectivity of notch band was very low
Strong coupling between notch bands
Size of the antenna becomes lager
Resonator used in a back side of antenna
Bandwidth controlled is difficult
Asynchronously coupled resonators used
Notch band implemented in main radiator
Difficult to modify the design of notch
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Microstrip Patch Antenna
What is a Microstrip Antenna?
A Microstrip Antenna consists of
radiating patch on one side
of dielectric and ground
plane on the other side of
dielectric
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Different shapes of MicrostripAntenna
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Advantages & Disadvantages ofMicrostrip Antenna
Advantages:Light weight
Very easy to integrate with MICs
Very low costLow profile planner
Disadvantages
Narrow bandwidth
Low efficiency
Poor polarizationLow gain
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Rectangular Patch AntennaDesign
L = Length of Microstrip element
W= Width of Microstrip element
t= Thickness of Patch
h= Height of dielectric substrate
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Rectangular Patch AntennaDesign
1. Calculation of Width(W)W = c/(2fo*((r+1)/2))
c= Free space velocity of lightr= Dielectric constant of substrate
2. Extension length can be calculated asL = 0.412h*[(eff+ 0.3)(W/h + 0.264)]/[( eff0.258)(W/h + 0.8)]
L = Extension Lengtheff = Effective dielectric constant
3. Actual Patch Length(L) can be calculated asL = c/(2fo*(r))2L
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Different Feeding Techniques
Coaxial Feed TechniqueMicrostrip Feed
Aperture Coupled Feed
Quarter-Wavelength Feed
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Proposed Work
Create a stepped radiator to work in a UWB range
Microstrip patch antenna of FR4_epoxy substrate with
dielectric constant of 4.4
Notch band created for the frequency range 5.15- 5.825 GHz
Create a open ended quarter wavelength slot for 5.15 GHz
Create a short ended half wavelength slot for 5.825 GHz
Insert feed matching network
Matched to 50 ohm
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Substrate Selection
First design step is to choose suitable substrate of appropriate
thickness h and loss tangent
Thicker substrate will mechanically strong will increase radiated
power, reduce conductor losses and improve impedance bandwidth
Substrate with r 2.5 are preferred
Gain variation takes place
Substrate volume also takes care
Patch dimension also takes place in selection of substrate
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Substrate Selection
Gain Response of Antenna with different substrate
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Why Microstrip Feed used?
Input impedance could be reduced
Current increases in magnitude towards centre
Hence Voltage also increases in magnitude
Used to tune Input Impedance to desired value
Easy to design
y mpe ance matc
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y mpe ance matcused?
Antenna impedance relates the voltage to the current at the input to
the antenna
30- Good power handling capacity and High Attenuation
77- Low attenuation and low power handling capacity
Average of 30and 77gives 53.5rounds 50
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Tools Used
ANSYS HFSS (High Frequency Structural Simulator)
Tool Background
It is a commercial finite element method solver for electromagneticstructures depends on the antenna type and structure and also thenumerical method which you want to utilize
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System Flow Chart
Create a Rectangular Patch antennafor UWB frequency
Create a quarter wavelength openend slot for 5.15 GHz
Create a half wavelength short endring on ground slot for 5.825 GHz
Insert feed matches to 50 ohm
Output to Microstrip Feed
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UWB Antenna Design
HFSS DESIGN OF UWB ANTENNA
SubstrateFR4 Epoxy substratedielectric constant r= 4.4
loss tangent =0.002Dimensions
Length(L) =22 mmWidth(W) =15 mmHeight(H) =0.8 mmGround thickness =0.08 mm
l i f h d
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Implementation of Notch Bands
To eliminate WLAN 802.11a frequency of 5.155.825 GHz, two
slots were etched
One is open ended slot for eliminate lowest band of 5.15 GHz
Other is short ended slot were etched for 5.825 GHz on the groundplane
length of the open and short ended slot can be calculated by
L Slot = c/4fl eff
L Ring = c/2fh eff
Where c is speed of light
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Proposed Antennas
HFSS DESIGN OF PROPOSED ANTENNAS WITH NOTCH
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Proposed Antenna
HFSS DESIGN OF PROPOSED ANTENNAS WITH WLAN NOTCH
DimensionsOpen ended slot Length = 8.6mmOpen ended slot Width = 0.3mmShort ended Ring Length =17.96mmShort ended Ring Width = 0.3mm
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Results and discussions
VSWR and Return Loss Results of UWB Antenna
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Results and discussions
VSWR and Return Loss Results of UWB Antenna with 5.15 GHz Notch
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Results and discussions
VSWR and Return Loss Results of UWB Antenna with 5.825 GHz Notch
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Results and discussions
VSWR and Return Loss Results of Proposed Antenna
A li ti
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Applications
Wireless Personal Area Networks
Military Applications
Digital Audio or Video Broadcasting
Medical Imaging
Position Location and Tracking
C l i d F t k
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Conclusion and Future works
Thus the Design of UWB antenna with notch band of 5.15 GHz to
5.825 GHz was done
Results show that the notch band selectivity was improved
The proposed antenna was very compact in size and simple to beuse
In future this work will extended into dual band notch for satellite X-
band downlink frequency band of 7.25 to 7.745 GHz
the antenna to be implemented and to be fabricate and test the
antenna
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References
[1] Nasrin Tasouji, Javad Nourinia, Changiz Ghobadi, and FarzadTofigh (2013), A Novel Printed UWB Slot Antenna with ReconfigurableBand-Notch Characteristics in IEEE Antennas and wireless propagationletters, vol. 12.[2] Y. Sung, (February 2012) Triple Band-Notched UWB PlanarMonopole Antenna Using a Modified H-Shaped Resonator in IEEE
Transactions on antennas and propagation, vol. 61, NO. 2[3] Parisa Lotfi, Mohammadnaghi Azarmanesh, (2013) RotatableDual Band-Notched UWB/Triple-Band WLAN Reconfigurable Antenna inIEEE Antennas and wireless propagation letters, vol. 12.[4] Fuguo Zhu, Steven Gao, Anthony TS Ho, Raed A. Abd-Alhameed,
Chan H. See, TimWCBrown, Jianzhou Li, Gao Wei, and Jiadong Xu,(August 2013),MultipleBand-Notched UWB Antenna With Band-RejectedElements Integrated in the Feed Line in IEEE Transactions on antennasand propagation, vol. 61, NO. 8.
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References
[5] Seyed Ramin Emadian, Changiz Ghobadi, Javad Nourinia,MirHamed Mirmozafari, and Javad Pourahmadazar, (2012), BandwidthEnhancement of CPW-Fed Circle-Like Slot Antenna With Dual Band-Notched Characteristic in IEEE Antennas and wireless propagationletters, vol. 11.[6] Nasser Ojaroudi and Mohammad Ojaroudi, (2013),NovelDesign
of Dual Band-Notched Monopole Antenna with Bandwidth Enhancementfor UWBApplications in IEEE Antennas and wireless propagation letters,vol. 12.[7] Qing-Xin Chu, Chun-Xu Mao, and He Zhu, (August 2013), ACompact Notched Band UWB Slot Antenna with Sharp Selectivity and
Controllable Bandwidth in IEEE Transactions on antennas andpropagation, vol. 61, no. 8
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References[8] Tzyh-Ghuag Ma ad Jyh-Woei Tsai, (August 2010),Band-RejectedUltra wideband Planar Monopole Antenna with High Frequency Selectivityand Controllable Bandwidth Using Inductively Coupled Resonator PairsinIEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 58, no.8.[9] Zhi-An Zheng, Qing-Xin Chu, Member, IEEE, and Zhi-Hong Tu,(February 2011), Compact Band-Rejected Ultrawideband Slot AntennasInserting With 2 and 4 Resonatorsin IEEE Transactions On Antennas
and Propagation, vol. 59, no. 2.[10] Yuan Dan Dong, Wei Hong, Senior Member, IEEE, Zhen Qi Kuai,and Ji Xin Chen, (July 2009), Analysisof Planar Ultrawideband Antennaswith On-Ground Slot Band-Notched Structures in IEEE Transactions onAntennas and Propagation, vol. 57, no. 7.
[11] Qing-Xin Chu, Member, IEEE, and Ying-Ying Yang (December2008), A Compact Ultra wideband Antenna With 3.4/5.5 GHz DualBand-Notched Characteristics in IEEE Transactions on Antennas and
Propagation, vol. 56, no.12.
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References[12] Yan Zhang, Wei Hong, Chen Yu, Zhen-Qi Kuai, Yu-Dan Don, andJian-Yi Zhou (September 2008), Planar Ultrawideband Antennas WithMultiple Notched Bands Based on Etched Slots on the Patch and/or SplitRing Resonators on the Feed Linein IEEE Transactions on Antennas andPropagation, vol. 56, no. 9.[13] Yi-Cheng Lin, Member, IEEE, and Kuan-Jung Hung (November2006),Compact Ultrawideband Rectangular Aperture Antenna and
Band-Notched Designs in IEEE Transactions on Antennas andPropagation, vol. 54, no. 11.[14] Kenny Seungwoo Ryu, Student Member, IEEE, and Ahmed A.Kishk, Fellow, IEEE (December 20009),UWBAntenna with Single or DualBand-Notches for Lower WLAN Band and Upper WLAN Band in IEEE
Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 57, no. 12.
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THANK YOU...
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