Trends in Physics, Budapest, Hungary
Post on 12-Jan-2016
33 Views
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
Transcript
University of Latvia
Trends in Physics, Budapest, Hungary
Electro-optical solutionElectro-optical solution for visual acuity and for visual acuity and
contrast sensitivity modelingcontrast sensitivity modelingRoberts Paeglis and Maris Ozolinsh
University of Latvia, Dept. of Optometry and Vision Science
EuropeanComissionCentre of Excellence
University of Latvia
Outline
• Light scattering in human eyes
• Electro-optic ceramics in an eye model
• “Single-pass”experiments
• “Double-pass”experiments
• Final remarks
University of Latvia
During the lifetime, light scattering in the human eyes increases 2 to 3 times
7 of 10 people over 65 have opacities in the
eye lens(es). For 2 of the 7 opacities
cause problems, the cataracts Opaque eye lens
(B.Masters, 2001)
What happens in the eye?
University of Latvia
Modeling of light scattering could promote understanding of physical
and physiological changes in the eye
In this way we could also assess the limits of diagnostical methods without a threat to harm or exhaust volunteers
Why modeling?
University of Latvia
• Light scattering in human eyes
• Electro-optic ceramics in an eye model
• “Single-pass”experiments
• “Double-pass”experiments
• Final remarks
Where we are…
University of Latvia
PLZT ceramics is largely transparent for the visible light. Applied electric field, however, induces formation of polar regions that cause considerable light
scattering
By changing the electric field that we apply, we can vary the amount of
scattering induced
PLZT stands for Pb0.91La0.09Zr0.65Ti0.35O3
We used PLZT….
University of Latvia
Scattering in the PLZT materialis sensitive to the changes in temperature
The increase of scattering is reversible
Golden electrodesGolden electrodes are applied in tiny islets on the surface. The plate with
electrodes has stronger absorption in the blue spectrum. So does the cataract
in the human eye, however
To keep an eye on...
University of Latvia
• Light scattering in human eyes
• Electro-optic ceramics in an eye model
• “Single-pass”experiments
• “Double-pass”experiments
• Final remarks
Where we are…
University of Latvia
1301
PLZT ceramics
& lens
Voltagegenerator
Microscopewithout the ocular & the CCD without the objective
Resolution test
Microscope& CCD
Single-pass method... incoherent light
University of Latvia
1301
Laser(633 nm)
Double slit
PLZT ceramics &
lens
Voltagegenerator
Microscopewithout the ocular & the CCD without the objective
Microscope& CCD
Single-pass method... laser source
University of Latvia
Changes in the quality of images were observed starting from
E=5…7 kV/cm.
The range used does not harm the PLZT
As a result….
University of Latvia
Alterations in intensity and contrast of the digital images were registered.
At E=9 kV/cm the interference patterns for the conventional “good vision”
(V=1.0 or 20/20) could be resolved no more.
Evaluation of reliability and comparison of diagnostic methods
could be made
Clinical applications
University of Latvia
1
I
Pixels
2
3
One bit scans of interference images: E=0; E=8.4 kV/cm;E=9.0 kV/cm
Changes can be visualised...
Interference patterns are used in clinics to evaluate the neural functions of the eye
with a cataract
University of Latvia
The system can visualize the changes in contrast and intensity of
contrast sinusoids and bright incoherently illuminated objects
(Vistech Consultants, Inc.)
Standard tests can be tried...
University of Latvia
• Light scattering in human eyes
• Electro-optic ceramics in an eye model
• “Single-pass”experiments
• “Double-pass”experiments
• Final remarks
Where we are…
University of Latvia
Double-pass optical set-up
In collaboration with the Laboratory of Optics, the University of Murcia, Spain
University of Latvia
ApertureL2M4
L1Spatialfilter
Laser(543 nm)
Beam splitter
M3 M1
M2
Focusing system
CCD
L4 L3
Eyepositioning
1302Voltage
generator
PLZT ceramics & lens
Double-pass scheme
Courtesy of H.M.Bueno
University of Latvia
E=8,7 kV/cmE=8,7 kV/cmE=8,3 kV/cmE=8,3 kV/cmE=8,0 kV/cmE=8,0 kV/cmE=7,7 kV/cmE=7,7 kV/cmE=7,3 kV/cmE=7,3 kV/cmE=6,7 kV/cmE=6,7 kV/cmE=5,4 kV/cmE=5,4 kV/cmE=4,0 kV/cmE=4,0 kV/cmE=0 kV/cmE=0 kV/cm
The centre loses energy...
Intensity distribution of a point image
Electric field
University of Latvia
0 20 40 60 80 100 1200
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500D
P r
adia
l pro
file,
arb
.uni
ts
- green laser beam- polarizer after the second pass crossed to the polarization of the point source
0.73 kV/mm (3)0.6 kV/mm (2)E=0 kV/mm (1)3
2
1
Arc min (retina)
We can register the “migration” of energy to the tails...
…higher spatial frequencies gain the energy
University of Latvia
0 20 40 60 80 100 1200
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500D
P r
adia
l pro
file,
arb
.uni
ts
- green laser beam- polarizer after the second pass parallel to the polarization of the point source)
E = 0 kV/mm (1) 0.6 kV/mm (2) 0.73 kV/mm (3)
3
2
1
Arc min (retina)
Depolarisation of light in the model and the eye differ…
Light maintains polarisation...
University of Latvia
Where we are…
• Light scattering in human eyes
• Electro-optic ceramics in an eye model
• “Single-pass”experiments
• “Double-pass”experiments
• Final remarks
Finis coronat opus
University of Latvia
In brief,
A device consisting of PLZT ceramics, a +55.6 D lens, a
microscope and a CCD can visualize the changes in images that are
caused by light scattering
Reliability and the limits of interferometry diagnostics
can be studied
University of Latvia
Interdependence of scattering and ocular aberrations, and their impact on the image can be explored with a PLZT plate in the double-pass setup
Light of high energy can be used to see the effects more profoundly
Furthermore…
University of Latvia
Resolution can be limited by high aberrations of the optical device
(chromatic aberrations, coma), CCD geometry and digital processing
Scattering effects are temperature-dependent
However...
University of Latvia
HAVE I LEFT ANY TIMETIME
FOR QUESTIONS?
Thank you!
University of Latvia
top related