Thomas Perls MD, MPH Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center Centenarians National Institute.
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Thomas Perls MD, MPHGeriatrics Section, Department of Medicine
Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center
Centenarians
National Institute On Aging
Promoting Health in Ageing (or Aging)Annual Joint Symposium September 26-27
• Demography• Age claims• Some characteristics• Compression of morbidity?• Centenarians as a “hook” for promoting healthy aging
OUTLINE
Our Study Populations
The 8 Hurlburt siblings, ages 79-96 years Agnes: "none of us have canes."
(http://www.time.com/time/photogallery)
79 88 93 80 96 89 84 91
National Institute On Aging
850 long lived families4,800 family members
1,600 centenarians (100-119 years)500 offspring (63-100 years)115 supercentenarians (110+ years)
New England Centenarian Study
Sakhan Dosova celebrated what she, her family and Kazakh officials all agree was her 130th birthday
10 categories of false claims
Our review of invalid age claims of 115 years or older resulted in the creation of ten categories of how these false claims emerge:
1. Religious Myth2. the Village Elder3. Fountain of Youth (substance)4. Shangri-La (geographic) 5. Nationalist Pride6. Spiritual Practice7. Familial Longevity8. Individual and/or Family Notoriety9. Military Service10.Pension Fraud
Robert Young, Bertrand Desjardins, Kirsten McGlaughlin, Michel Poulain, Thomas Perls. Typologies of Extreme Longevity Myths. Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res, 2010.
Based on the age of onset of heart disease, diabetes, cancer, skin cancer, osteoporosis, thyroid condition, hypertension, stroke, dementia, and COPD.
Evert J, Lawler E, Bogan H, Perls T. Morbidity profiles of centenarians: survivors, delayers, and escapers. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci.
2003;58: 232-237
The survivors: onset of disease before the age of 80 (42%)
The delayers: onset of disease at or beyond the age of 80 (45%)
The escapers: reaches 100 without the onset of disease
Three Types of Centenarians
Diseases included in this analysis were: cancer, cardiovascular disease, COPD, dementia, diabetes, and stroke.
The escapers: reach 100 without the onset of disease
The delayers: onset of disease at or beyond the age of 80
The survivors: onset of disease before the age of 80
Exceptional Health Span
10
11
85 Supercentenarians(age 110-119 yrs)
Medical History
n % n %
Myocardial Infarction 5 6 Osteoporosis 20 24
Cardiac Arrhythmia 8 9 Cataract 69 81
Pacemaker Inserted 4 5 Parkinson’s Disease 2 2
Angina Pectoris 2 2 Cancer 12 14
Stroke 11 13 Cancer Type:
Bladder1 1
Treated Hypertension 20 24 Breast 4 5
Adult Onset Diabetes 4 5 Colon 3 4
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
1 1 Skin 10 12
Hypothyroidism 10 12 Other 3 4
Other Thyroid Condition 6 7 Unknown 1 1
(Sample of 30 supers: Perls et al, Journal American Geriatrics Society, August, 2006)
Personality Domains
Conscientiousness
Agreeableness
Openness Extraversion
Nature vs. Nurture
• 70% environmental, 30% genetic to reach mid to late 80’s• Evidence for an increasing genetic component for older ages:
• Familial clustering• Siblings with marked increased relative probabilities of living
to 100+ years• Offspring with marked decreased risks for age related
diseases such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes, cancer• Power to discover genetic variants associated with
exceptional longevity increases with age• What kind of genetic variants? Disease vs. Protective
AttitudeGeneticsExerciseInterestsNutritionGet rid of (smoking & anti-aging quackery)
<88 years>
AGEING
16www.livingto100.com
The Quacks Are Flocking
1994 U.S. congressional passage of the Dietary Supplements Health and Education Act (DSHEA)
The Internet 70 M
illion Baby Boomers
Ken B. Kathy T. Linda M.Alan D.
HGH
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