The Genocide of the iraqi kurds and Trial of saddam hussein

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  • 7/23/2019 The Genocide of the iraqi kurds and Trial of saddam hussein

    1/13

    Mtlabdh|y& Wrdidldh|y& @dldrcfkyb

    chl Ycbd"Yd~ Bcrrkcad

    \nd Adheikld e` |nd Krcsk Jtrlychl \rkcf e`Ycllcb Ntyydkh

    @CFF ?774

    \nd @kry| Y|dw kh |nd Hebkhc|keh e` c

    Mty|kid ky c Pcichi{ eh |nd Ietr|

  • 7/23/2019 The Genocide of the iraqi kurds and Trial of saddam hussein

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    37 v Irdkan|eh Fcq{dr @cff ?774

    \

    ndrd ky c ybcff wcfb |rddkh c acrldh ytrrethldlo{ qcffy hdcr |nd ckrwer|

    kh Ocanlcl( Ch dfldrf{ odcrldlbch qne ncy |trhdl |e qrk|khawed|r{ chl rdclkha |nd qerly e`Ael kh rdidh| qddjy aedy et| |e|nd acrldh `er ch netr chl c ncf`kh |nd berhkha chl ch netr chl cncf` kh |nd c`|drheeh(

    O{ Bkincdf M( Jdff{& Cyyeikc|d Wre`dyyer e` Fcq

    \nd

    AdheikldYCLLCB NTYYDKHchl \rkcf e`e` |nd Krcsk Jtrly

    Krcsk bdh indij c oel{ fky| cy

    yndd|y ieh|ckhkha |nd rdbckhy e`

    oelkdy d~icpc|dl `reb c bcyy arcpd

    kh Bc{ ?779 fkd kh |nd ldydr| eh |nd

    et|yjkr|y e` Cf Btyc{{ko& Krcs(

    Nd |dhly |e |nd |rdd wt||kha y|ehdycrethl |nd ocyd chl bcjkha ytrd k|ncy dhetan qc|dr |e ytrpkpd Krcsy

    bklytbbdr(Qndh nky netr chl c ncf` ky epdrYcllcb Ntyydkh aedy ocij |e nkyidff( Ehid nd ncl lebkhkeh epdr cffe` Krcs( Heq nd ky y|rkwwdl e` cff |ndrkindy chl ldftykehy: cff nd ncy fd`|ky c fk||fd |kbd dcin lc{ |e itf|kpc|d c

    acrldh |nc| kyh| dpdh nky( Inkicae \rkothd Mtf{ ?1 ?77

  • 7/23/2019 The Genocide of the iraqi kurds and Trial of saddam hussein

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    Irdkan|eh Fcq{dr @cff ?774 v 33

    ZARdheikld bdchy ch{ e` |nd `effeqkha ci|y iebbk||dl qk|n kh|dh|

    |e ldy|re{& kh qnefd er kh wcr|& c hc|kehcf& d|nhkicf& rcikcf er rdfkakety

    aretw& cy ytin=

    ZcR Jkffkha bdbodry e` |nd aretw:

    ZoR Ictykha ydrkety oelkf{ er bdh|cf ncrb |e bdbodry e` |nd aretw:

    ZiR Ldfkodrc|df{ khki|kha eh |nd aretw iehlk|kehy e` fk`d icfitfc|dl |e

    orkha coet| k|y wn{ykicf ldy|rti|keh kh qnefd er kh wcr|:

    ZlR Kbweykha bdcytrdy kh|dhldl |e wrdpdh| okr|ny qk|nkh |nd aretw:

    ZdR @erikof{ |rchy`drrkha inkflrdh e` |nd aretw |e che|ndr aretw(

    Adheikld

    Ycllcb Ntyydkh |nd `erbdr

    Krcsk lki|c|er yk|y kh yefk|cr{

    ieh`khdbdh| thldr |nd icrd e`

    T(Y( bkfk|cr{ wefkid cqck|kha |rkcf o{ |nd

    hdqf{ bkh|dl Krcsk Ywdikcf \rkothcf .KY\+

    `er c fcthlr{ fky| e` irkbdy iebbk||dl

    ltrkha nky 99 {dcry kh weqdr( Nd qcy

    |ewwfdl o{ ch Cbdrkich"fdl khpcykeh kh

    Bcrin ?779 chl rdbckhdl kh nklkha

    th|kf lkyiepdrdl o{ T(Y( `eridy kh c

    yk~"`ee| thldrarethl ywkldr nefd

    crbdl ehf{ qk|n c wky|ef |nc| nd lkl he|tyd( Nd acrldhy qnkfd nd qck|y `er nky

    |rkcf( \nd incrady cackhy| Ntyydkh khiftld

    qcr irkbdy irkbdy cackhy| ntbchk|{

    caardyykeh chl adheikld( Qnkfd dcin e`

    |ndyd kh|drhc|kehcf irkbdy rdstkrdy pcr{kha

    fdpdfy e` wree` chl cyydr|keh thkstd |e

    |nd ywdik`ki irkbd er k|y yto"iebwehdh|

    adheikld ky wdrncwy |nd |rkijkdy| e` |nd

    fe| rdstkrkha he| bdrd kh|dh| ot| ywdik`ki

    kh|dh| |e ldy|re{ ch kldh|k`kcofd aretw e`

    wdewfd( Cf|netan k| ncy oddh icffdl |ndirkbd e` irkbdy ykhid |nd d~wdrkdhid e`

    |nd Nefeicty| adheikld ncy |rclk|kehcff{

    oddh |nd bey| lk``kitf| irkbd `er

    wreydit|ery |e wrepd(

    @erbcff{ et|fcqdl kh 3; adheikld ncy

    d~ky|dl kh wrci|kid `reb |kbd kbbdberkcf(

    Khlddl k| qcy jheqh kh |nd chikdh|

    qerfl cy c fdak|kbc|d wrci|kid tydl

    bey| `cbetyf{ o{ |nd _ebchy cackhy|

    Icr|ncad( \nretanet| |nd Bkllfd Cady

    chl kh|e |nd beldrh drc adheikld qcy

    rdatfcrf{ wrci|kidl th|kf |nd yfctan|dr e`

    |nd Crbdhkchy o{ |nd E||ebch \trjy

    ltrkha Qerfl Qcr K( Kh|drhc|kehcf

    et|rcad c| |nd c|reik|{ bepdl qerfl

    ewkhkeh |eqcrl iehldbhkha adheikld

    itfbkhc|kha kh |nd clew|keh e` |nd

    Adheikld Iehpdh|keh kh 3; c`|drQerfl Qcr KK chl |nd Nefeicty|(

    \nd dfcy|kik|{ e` |nd ld`khk|keh ky

    ldidw|kpd( Qnkfd bch{ `ci| wc||drhy bc{

    `k| kh|e |nd |qe rdstkrdl eomdi|kpd yfe|y c

    wre|di|dl aretw .d(a( rcikcf+ chl ch ci| e`

    ldy|rti|keh .d(a( jkffkha+ |nd ld`khk|keh

    ky ykfdh| cy |e mty| neq qkldywrdcl |nd

    ci|y bty| od( Ky mty| ehd jkffkha dhetan5

    @tr|ndrberd wdrwd|rc|ery ich ae `rdd

    eh |nd wreydit|kehy khcokfk|{ |e wrepd|nd ytomdi|kpd dfdbdh| e` kh|dh|( Mtlkikcf

    chl fdacf ct|nerk|kdy ncpd kh|drwrd|dl

    |nd kh|dh| rdstkrdl `er adheikld |e od

    ywdik`ki rc|ndr |nch adhdrcf( Pcr{kha

    rc|kehcfdy d~ky| `er |nky iehiftykeh

    ot| |nd nkandr |nrdynefl bdchy berd

    wree` wree` |nc| ky cfbey| khpcrkcof{

    lk``kitf| |e iebd o{ kh |nd `erb e`

    kh|dridw|dl iehpdryc|kehy ierrdywehldhid

    er leitbdh|y |nc| ldbehy|rc|d |nd

    wdrwd|rc|ery y|c|d e` bkhl c| |nd

    |kbd |nd adheikld qcy icrrkdl et|(

    He| cffadheiklckrdy cy adheikld

    wdrwd|rc|ery crd jheqh bd|kitfetyf{

    ic|cfeatd khld~ chl leitbdh| |ndkr

    ci|kpk|kdy kh d~irtikc|kha ld|ckf cy |nd

    Hc}ky lkl qndh icrr{kha et| Nk|fdry @khcf

    Yeft|keh( Neqdpdr |nd Kh|drhc|kehcfIrkbkhcf \rkothcf er _qchlc .KI\_+

    ld|drbkhdl kh |nd 3;;; Cjc{dyt icyd |nc|

    ywdik`ki kh|dh| |e iebbk| adheikld ich

    od ytiidyy`tff{ kh`drrdl |nretan ieh|d~|

    |ndrdo{ dcykha otrldh `er |nky yneqkha

    yebdqnc|= ZKR| ky weyykofd |e ldltid |nd

    adheiklcf kh|dh| khndrdh| kh c wcr|kitfcr

    ci| incradl `reb |nd adhdrcf ieh|d~| e`

    |nd wdrwd|rc|keh e` e|ndr itfwcofd ci|y

    y{y|dbc|kicff{ lkrdi|dl cackhy| |nc| ycbd

    aretw qnd|ndr |ndyd ci|y qdrd iebbk||dlo{ |nd ycbd e``dhldr er o{ e|ndry(

    Hdpdr|ndfdyy |nd adheikld icyd

    cackhy| Adhdrcf _clkyfcp Jry|ki c| |nd

    Kh|drhc|kehcf Irkbkhcf \rkothcf `er

    |nd @erbdr [taeyfcpkc .KI\[+ `ckfdl

    wrdikydf{ odictyd e` |nd ywdik`ki kh|dh|

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    3? v Irdkan|eh Fcq{dr @cff ?774

    rdstkrdbdh|( Jry|ki qcy iehpki|dl `er |nd

    3;;4 adheikld |nc| jkffdl >777 Oeyhkch

    Btyfkby kh Yrdordhkic eh c |nder{

    e` mekh| irkbkhcf dh|drwrkyd( Neqdpdr

    nky iehpki|keh qcy epdr|trhdl o{ |nd

    Cwwdffc|d Incbodr qnkin iehiftldl|nc| cf|netan |nd Yrdordhkic adheikld

    ncl eiitrrdl chl e|ndry kh |nd mekh|

    irkbkhcf dh|drwrkyd yncrdl c ywdik`ki

    kh|dh| |e icrr{ k| |nretan |nd dpkldhid

    lkl he| ytwwer| |nd kh`drdhid |nc|

    Jry|ki ncl |nd rdstkrdl ywdik`ki kh|dh| |e

    ldy|re{ rc|ndr |nch bdrd jheqfdlad( K|

    ky odictyd e` |nky pdr{ nkan ntrlfd |nc|

    Yfeoelch Bkfeydpki ky fkjdf{ |e od `ethl

    atkf|{ e` ehf{ iebwfkik|{ kh adheikld cy

    ewweydl |e adheikld wrewdr( Iebwfkik|{ehf{ rdstkrdy c yneqkha e` jheqfdlad(

    \nd Jtrlkyn WreofdbCy `er Ycllcb Ntyydkh& nd qkff

    fkjdf{ od `ethl c| fdcy| iebwfkik| kh k`

    he| atkf|{ e` |nd adheikld e` |nd Jtrly

    |nc| eiitrrdl thldr nky rdakbd( Jtrly cy

    c wdewfd fkpd kh c lkpkldl qerfl yebd

    kh Krcs e|ndry kh Krch Y{rkc chl \trjd{(

    \nd `reh|kdr od|qddh Krch chl Krcs |e

    c fcrad d~|dh| rd`fdi|y |nd 30|n"idh|tr{

    ieffkykeh e` |nd d~wchlkha Wdrykch chl

    E||ebch Dbwkrdy( C ytoydstdh| |rdc|{

    od|qddh Wdrykchy chl \trjy `erbcfk}dl

    c beth|ckhety oerldr rdakeh |nc|

    khlkyirkbkhc|df{ ywfk| Jtrlkyn wewtfc|kehy

    eh dk|ndr ykld( O{ |nd |kbd e` |nd Krch"Krcs Qcr Jtrly `ethl |ndbydfpdy

    ictan| kh |nd bkllfd( Kh Ydw|dbodr

    3;>7 Ntyydkhy crb{ ireyydl kh|e Krch

    clpchikha |e |nd et|yjkr|y e` Coclch(

    C{c|effcn Jnebdhk tydl |nd khpcykeh

    |e iehyefklc|d nky eqh weqdr chl rcff{

    Krchkchy |e ld`dhl |ndkr nebdfchl( O{

    3;>? Krch ncl rdpdrydl |nd Krcsk khpcykeh

    rdy|erkha |nd oerldr rdakeh( O{ 3;>1 Krch qcy

    cackh bcjkha ykahk`kich| clpchidy kh |nd

    her|n qnkin Ntyydkh ierrdi|f{ cyirkodl

    |e cyyky|chid `reb Krcsk Jtrly(

    \e ldcf qk|n qnc| qcy rd`drrdl |e kh

    icw|trdl Krcsk leitbdh|y cy |nd Jtrlkyn

    \nd adheikld icyd cackhy| Adhdrcf_clkyfcp Jry|ki `ckfdl wrdikydf{ odictyde` |nd ywdik`ki kh|dh| rdstkrdbdh|(

    Jheqh cy Indbkicf Cfk& Cfk Ncyych cf"Bcmkl ncy

    oddh fkhjdl |e yebd e` |nd bey| ort|cf ci|y thldrYcllcb Ntyydkhy rdakbd( Nd qcy |nd crink|di| e` |nd

    3;>> adheiklcf Ch`cf icbwckahy cackhy| |nd Krcsk Jtrly(

    Cy |nd 3;>7"3;>> Krch"Krcs Qcr qcy qkhlkha leqh&

    cf"Bcmkl fdl |nd Ch`cf icbwckahy |nc| rdytf|dl kh |nd

    btrldr chl lkycwwdcrchid e` yebd 47&777 |e 377&777

    Jtrly( \nd Jtrly qdrd ciitydl e` cklkha Krchkch `eridy

    ltrkha |nd fcy| {dcry e` |nd Krch"Krcs Qcr(

    C ietykh e` Ntyydkh& cf"Bcmkl qcy qkldf{ jheqh kh Krcs

    `er nky rdwdc|dl tyd e` et|fcqdl indbkicf qcr`crd( K| ky

    rdwer|dl |nc| 4&777 Jtrly lkdl kh c ykhafd i{chkld c||cij

    eh |nd oerldr |eqh e` Ncfcomc kh Bcrin 3;>>( Leitbdh|y

    icw|trdl reb Krcsk kh|dffkadhid ydrpkidy ldbehy|rc|d |nc|

    |nd bcyy jkffkhay& lkycwwdcrchidy& `eridl lkywfcidbdh|

    chl e|ndr irkbdy qdrd icrrkdl et| kh c iendrdh| chl

    nkanf{ idh|rcfk}dl bchhdr thldr cf"Bcmkly lkrdi|

    ytwdrpkykeh( Cf"Bcmkl qcy icw|trdl kh Ctaty| ?779 o{

    iecfk|keh eridy(

    Yetrid= Ntbch _kan|y Qc|in

    Indbkicf Cfk

    Cfk Ncyych cf"Bcmkl ky yddh kh |nky Mchtcr{ ?779 wne|e kh Odkrt|&Fdocheh(

    Adheikld chl |nd \rkcf e` Ycllcb Ntyydkh

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    Irdkan|eh Fcq{dr @cff ?774 v 39

    wreofdb Ntyydkh |cyjdl nky ietykh Cfk

    Ncyych cf"Bcmkl .c(j(c( Indbkicf Cfk+

    qk|n |nd meo e` drclkic|kha cff rdyky|chid

    chl arch|dl nkb dbdradhi{ weqdry |e

    le ye(

    Cf"Bcmkl |ndh thldr|eej c ydrkdy e`

    bkfk|cr{ icbwckahy cackhy| Jtrlkyn

    ycoe|dtry `reb 3;>1 |e 3;>;

    jheqh cy |nd Ch`cfy( Qnc| odach cy

    c ieth|drkhytradhi{ ltrkha qcr|kbd

    dhldl kh adheikld( Cf"Bcmkl dbwfe{dl

    c pcrkd|{ e` indbkicf qdcwehy ltrkha

    |nd Ch`cf icbwckahy khiftlkha bty|crl

    acy .c ofky|drkha cadh|+ chl Ycrkh .c

    hdrpd cadh|+( Ehd ytrpkper e` cf"Bcmkly

    Cwrkf 3;>1 indbkicf c||cijy eh Jtrlkyn

    pkffcady kh |nd Ocfkych pcffd{ ldyirkodl

    |nd d``di| e` |nd wkhj arc{ chl {dffeq

    acyydy lrk`|kha |nretan |nd |eqhy=

    ZKR| qcy fkjd c `ea( Chl |ndh dpdr{ehd

    odicbd ofkhl( Yebd pebk|dl( @cidy

    |trhdl ofcij: wdewfd d~wdrkdhidl

    wckh`tf yqdffkhay thldr |nd crb&

    chl qebdh thldr |ndkr ordcy|y(

    Fc|dr& c {dffeq qc|dr{ lkyincrad

    qetfl ee}d `reb |nd d{dy chl heyd(Bch{ e` |neyd qne ytrpkpdl yt``drdl

    ydpdrd pkykeh lky|trochidy& er |e|cf

    ofkhlhdyy `er tw |e c beh|n( Yebd

    pkffcadry rch kh|e |nd beth|ckhy

    chl lkdl |ndrd( E|ndry& qne ncl

    oddh ifeydr |e |nd wfcid e` kbwci| e`

    |nd oeboy& lkdl qndrd |nd{ y|eel(

    Cff |efl |nd Ch`cf icbwckahy cackhy|

    |nd Jtrly ifckbdl od|qddh 47777

    chl 377777 fkpdy( Neqdpdr he ykhafdci|keh ciieth|y `er cff |nd icytcf|kdy(

    \ndrd qdrd btf|kwfd bcyy btrldry

    btf|kwfd bcyy lkycwwdcrchidy `eridl

    lkywfcidbdh| e` nthlrdly e` |netychly

    e` hehieboc|ch|y ldy|rti|keh e` ?777

    pkffcady |nc| qdrd ifcyyk`kdl kh Krcsk

    aepdrhbdh| leitbdh|y cy otrhdl

    _clkyfcp Jry|ki& `erbdr Oeyhkch Ydro

    adhdrcf& qcy `ethl atkf|{ e` adheikld

    kh Ctaty| ?773 o{ |nd Ncatdy

    kh|drhc|kehcf qcr irkbdy |rkothcf chl

    ydh|dhidl |e &777 thcrbdl

    Btyfkb bdh chl oe{y chl ky |nd ry|

    Dtrewdch dpdr iehpki|dl e` adheikld(

    Neqdpdr& |nd Cwwdffc|d Incbodr epdr|trhdl |nd adheikld icyd cackhy|

    Jry|ki odictyd e` |nd ywdiki kh|dh| rdstkrdbdh|( Nky cwwdcfy mtlabdh|

    qcy nchldl leqh eh Cwrkf 3;& ?77

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    3< v Irdkan|eh Fcq{dr @cff ?774

    ldy|re{dl ldbefkyndler wtrk`kdl

    chl |nd rc}kha e` c le}dh fcradr Jtrlkyn

    |eqhy chl clbkhky|rc|kpd idh|dry(

    K| ky |nd ldclf{ iebokhc|keh e` bd|nely

    dbwfe{dl cackhy| |nd Jtrly ltrkha |nd

    dkan| Ch`cfy |nc| kh|dr|qkhd |e `erb

    |nd bey| iebwfd|d wki|trd e` adheikld(

    Cf|netan |nd ytiidyykpd acyykhay

    qdrd wdrncwy |nd y|crjdy| d~cbwfdyiehpdh|kehcf jkffkha o{ ynee|kha

    ciieth|dl `er dstcf htbodry e` ldc|ny(

    @er khy|chid |nd pcy| bcmerk|{ e` Jtrlkyn

    ld|ckhddy qdrd ydh| |e |nd Krcsk crb{

    ocyd c| Jkrjtj jheqh cy \ew}cqc( Ndrd

    |nd{ qdrd rdaky|drdl chl ydardac|dl( Cltf|

    chl |ddhcad bcfdy qdrd |ndh fecldl eh|e

    ifeydl |rtijy chl |cjdh |e |nd d~dit|keh

    arethly qndrd |nd{ qdrd fkhdl tw hd~|

    |e fcrad wk|y chl yne|( Ehid |nd |rdhindy

    qdrd `tff |nd{ qdrd iepdrdl epdr(

    \nd dfldrf{ qdrd bey|f{ otydl |e c

    iehidh|rc|keh icbw c| Htarc Ycfbch

    kh |nd Krcsk ldydr| qndrd ldc|n rc|dy

    cpdrcadl `etr |e `kpd wdr lc{ `reb

    d~weytrd chl kh`di|keh( \nd qebdhchl inkflrdh qdh| dfydqndrd( \nd{

    qdrd tytcff{ |cjdh |e Lkoy c icbw

    ifeyd |e |nd Jkrjtj"Beytf nkanqc{

    qndrd bch{ e` |nd inkflrdh ytiitbodl

    |e l{ydh|dr{ chl bcfht|rk|keh( Coet|

    ncf` e` |nd qebdh qdrd |cjdh |e

    ldc|n wk|y fkjd |nd ehd c| Ycbcqc(

    @eridl ldwer|c|keh |{wkicff{

    ciiebwchkdl o{ |nd rc}kha e` pkffcady

    qcy cfye c iebbeh `dc|trd e` |nd

    Ch`cfy( O{ |nd dhl e` |nd icbwckahy

    3(4 bkffkeh Jtrly ncl oddh `erikof{

    rdyd||fdl( \nky qcy wcr| e` ch epdrcff

    yindbd o{ Ntyydkh |e rdcrrchad

    Jtrlky|ch kh her|ndrh Krcs wfcikha

    berd jd{ crdcy thldr Crco ieh|ref(

    Neqdpdr |nd acyykha e` Ncfcomc qcy

    |nd ykhafd bey| nerrk`ki khikldh| ltrkha

    |nky he|erkety icbwckah ciieth|kha

    `er coet| 4777 e` |nd Ch`cf ldc|ny(

    Iehydstdh|f{ Ncfcomc ncy odiebd

    dbofdbc|ki e` |nd Jtrlkyn adheikld

    btin cy Yrdordhkic ncy odiebd ye `er

    C

    C

    C

    C

    C

    CC

    C

    CC

    W

    W

    W

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    Ch`cf icbwckah

    Cwwre~kbc|d Ch`cf

    icbwckah oethlcr{

    Bckh Ch`cf icbw

    chl `cikfk|{

    Jheqh indbkicf

    c||cij

    Jheqh bcyy

    d~dit|keh yk|d

    Wdynbdrac iebbchl

    _dyd||fdbdh| iebwfd~

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    Ycfcbk{cn

    cf Nclcr

    .Nc|rc+

    Yncsfcqc

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    Jkrjtj

    \ew}cqc

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    \cs|cs

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    Jcrcb

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    Ytfdkbchk{dn

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    \kjrk|

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    \ T _ J D [

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    Y [ _ K C

    Y C T L KC _ C O K C

    Ocanlcl_cbclk

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    \nd Ch`cf icbwckahy cackhy| |nd Jtrlkyn bkherk|{ kh her|ndcy|drh Krcs qdrd thldr|cjdh o{ Ycllcb Ntyydkhy ietykh& Cfk Ncyych cf"Bcmkl& c|

    Ntyydkhy lkrdi|keh kh 3;>>( Qnc| odach cy ch d``er| |e ldikbc|d Jtrlkyn bkfk|cr{ ytwwer| e` Krchkch `eridy ltrkha |nd Krch"Krcs Qcr& dhldl kh c

    ort|cf icbwckah e` bcyy d~|drbkhc|keh& pkffcad drclkic|keh chl btf|kwfd acyykhay& rdytf|kha kh |nd ldc|ny e` |dhy e` |netychly e` Jtrlkyn bdh&

    qebdh chl inkflrdh( Ntyydkh chl nky ndhinbdh qkff `cid incrady `er |nd adheikld e` |nd Jtrly ltrkha nky |rkcf od`erd |nd Krcsk Ywdikcf \rkothcf(

    Adheikld chl |nd \rkcf e` Ycllcb Ntyydkh

  • 7/23/2019 The Genocide of the iraqi kurds and Trial of saddam hussein

    7/13

    Irdkan|eh Fcq{dr @cff ?774 v 34

    |nd Oeyhkch adheikld( Ncfcomc ncl oddh

    icw|trdl kh 3;>> o{ rdodf Krcsk Jtrly

    qk|n ytwwer| `reb Krchkch `eridy chl

    irtynkha |nd rdyky|chid |ndrd odicbd

    ch tf|kbc|d wrkerk|{ `er Ntyydkh(

    Cf"Bcmkly ieflf{ lkcoefkicf cwwrecin

    ich od lkyidrhdl `reb nky bd|nelefea{

    e` d~|drbkhc|keh( Jheqkha |nc| |nd

    acyydy nd kh|dhldl |e tyd qdrd ndcpkdr

    |nch ckr chl qetfl |nty ykhj nd

    ewdhdl |nd Bcrin 30 3;>> c||cij eh

    Ncfcomc qk|n c iehpdh|kehcf cr|kffdr{

    oebocrlbdh| `er ydpdrcf netry yd||kha

    e`` |nd ckr rckl ykrdhy( \nky lrepd |nd

    feicf Jtrlkyn wewtfc|keh leqh kh|e

    |thhdfy idffcry chl ocydbdh|y(

    \neyd thldrarethl yndf|dry odicbd

    acy incbodry cy cf"Bcmkl thfdcyndl nky

    oebocrlbdh| e` wekyeh( Coepdarethl

    chkbcfy lkdl chl okrly lrewwdl et| e`

    |rddy( Odfeq arethl ntbchy bd| |ndkr

    dhl |rcwwdl( \neyd qne bchcadl |e

    yircbofd |e |nd ytr`cid dbdradl kh|e

    |nkij ifetly e` indbkicf acy( Cy wne|ey

    e` ldcl inkflrdh irtbwfdl eh y|dwy er

    f{kha ieh|er|dl chl ofdcindl kh |ndy|rdd|y rdcindl |nd qerfl ch et|ir{ creyd

    `reb |nd ntbch rkan|y iebbthk|{(

    Ot| |nd rdywehyd `reb |nd kh|drhc|kehcf

    iebbthk|{ e` y|c|dy qcy bt|dl

    ykfdhid( Hehd ietfl e``dr btin od{ehl

    wfc|k|tldy cy |nd{ cff ncl ocijdl Ntyydkh

    ltrkha |nd Krch"Krcs Qcr qk|n crby chl

    `khchikha( Khlddl Adrbch{ ky

    qkldf{ iehykldrdl |e ncpd oddh |nd

    khlty|rkcf erkakh e` |nd acy tydl o{cf"Bcmkl ltrkha |nd Ch`cf icbwckahy chl

    Jtrlkyn fdcldry ncpd feha ciitydl @rchid

    K|cf{ chl |nd Hd|ndrfchly e` wrepklkha

    cyyky|chid |e Ntyydkhy indbkicf qdcwehy

    wrearcb( \nd Thk|dl Y|c|dy qcy cfye

    kbwfkic|dl cy he|dl kh c 3;;? Ydhc|d

    Ochjkha Netykha chl Troch C``ckry

    Iebbk||dd y|c`` rdwer| cyydyykha |nd tyd

    e` indbkicf qdcwehy o{ Ntyydkh cackhy|

    Cbdrkich |reewy kh |nd `kry| Atf` Qcr=

    ZCRh khstkr{ qcy khk|kc|dl o{ |nd

    Iebbk||dd kh|e |nd ieh|rkot|kehy|nc| d~wer|y `reb |nd Thk|dl Y|c|dy

    wfc{dl kh |nd qdcwehy e` bcyy

    ldy|rti|keh wrearcby |nc| ncpd

    `fetrkyndl thldr |nd lkrdi|keh e`

    Krcsk Wrdykldh| Ycllcb Ntyydkh(

    Z\Rnd Iebbk||dd ( ( ( ndfl ndcrkhay

    |nc| rdpdcfdl |nc| |nd Thk|dl Y|c|dy

    ncl d~wer|dl indbkicf& okefeakicf&

    htifdcr chl bkyykfd"y{y|db dstkwbdh|

    |e Krcs |nc| qcy iehpdr|dl |e bkfk|cr{

    tyd kh Krcsy indbkicf& okefeakicfchl htifdcr qdcwehy wrearcb(

    \nd Dpkldhid\nd wn{ykicf dpkldhid e` adheikld

    cackhy| |nd Jtrly ky cbwfd( Ltrkha ?77

  • 7/23/2019 The Genocide of the iraqi kurds and Trial of saddam hussein

    8/13

    30 v Irdkan|eh Fcq{dr @cff ?774

    Krcsk khpdy|kac|ery thiepdrdl |nd bcyy

    arcpd kh Nc|rc coet| ?77 bkfdy her|n e`

    Ocanlcl( K| ky ehd e` bch{ bcyy arcpdy

    kh Krcs `reb |nd Ntyydkh drc ot| |nd`kry| |e od yditrdl chl y{y|dbc|kicff{

    d~icpc|dl `er irkbkhcf dpkldhid ieffdi|keh(

    K| ky cfye c jd{ |e wrepkha |nd icyd

    `er adheikld o{ Ntyydkh cackhy| |nd

    Jtrly( \nd pki|kby crd cff Jtrlkyn(

    \nd Nc|rc yk|d ky bcld tw e` c ydrkdy e`

    |rdhindy c| fdcy| dkan| `dd| lddw( Ehd

    ieh|ckhdl |nd oelkdy e` 347 bdh ywrc{dl

    qk|n ct|ebc|ki qdcwehy `krd( C le}dh

    e|ndr |rdhindy ieh|ckh |nd rdbckhye` cwwre~kbc|df{ ?777 wdewfd( Ot|

    wdrncwy |nd bey| wekahch| d~icpc|keh

    thiepdrdl |nd oelkdy e` 977 qebdh chl

    inkflrdh( Ch thd~wdi|dl `khlkha qcy

    |nd lkyiepdr{ e` btf|kwfd ife|nkha yd|y

    netydnefl k|dby chl |e{y khlkic|kha

    |nc| |nd pki|kby qdrd |efl |e ieffdi|

    |ndkr odfehakhay `er rdyd||fdbdh| ehf{

    |e od yne| leqh c| |nky otrkcf wk|(

    Cfbey| cff e` |nd 977 yjtffy ncl c

    (?? icfkodr wky|ef yne| odnkhl |nd dcrchl qdrd thdpdhf{ y|cijdl kh btf|kwfd

    fc{dry khlkic|kha |nc| |nd `kry| |e od

    d~dit|dl qdrd yne| kh |nd |rdhin qnkfd

    |nd e|ndry qdrd btrldrdl c| |nd fkw e` |nd

    wk| chl |ndh wtyndl kh qk|n c otffle}dr(

    Cy Arda Jdned |nd T(Y( ieerlkhc|er

    he|dl kh cHdq [erj \kbdykh|drpkdq=

    ZQRnc| qcy `ethl c| Nc|rc yneqy

    neq |nd Ntyydkh fdcldrynkw bcld c

    otykhdyy e` jkffkha wdewfd |nd

    yircwd bcrjy `reb |nd ofcld e` |nd

    otffle}dr |nc| ynepdl pki|kby kh|e |nd

    |rdhin& |nd wekh|"ofchj yne|y |e |nd

    ocijy e` dpdh |nd ocokdy ndcly& |nd

    qk|ndrdl oel{ e` c 9" er

  • 7/23/2019 The Genocide of the iraqi kurds and Trial of saddam hussein

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    Irdkan|eh Fcq{dr @cff ?774 v 31

    Krcs chl qdrd cofd |e ierreoerc|d |nd

    acyykhay chl bcyy dpcitc|kehy(

    Ot| wrepkha |nc| Ntyydkh ncl ywdik`ki

    kh|dh| |e iebbk| adheikld cackhy| |ndJtrly rdbckhy c lk``kitf| |cyj( K| ldwdhly

    eh |nd wreydit|kehy cokfk|{ |e bcryncf k|y

    leitbdh|cr{ chl |dy|kbehkcf dpkldhid(

    Wdrncwy ytin kh|dh| ich od dy|cofkyndl k`

    d{dqk|hdyy |dy|kbeh{ fkjd |nd `effeqkha

    ich y|chl tw |e ireyy"d~cbkhc|keh=

    ZQRd behk|erdl rclke

    iebbthkic|kehy od|qddh |nd wefk|kicf

    chl bkfk|cr{ fdcldrynkw Ycllcb

    Ntyydkh orkd`dl |nd cyydbofdl

    iebbchldry |nc| |ndrd qetfl od c

    indbkicf c||cij eh Ncfcomc chl |nc|

    yeflkdry ynetfl qdcr wre|di|kpd ife|nkha

    K ndcrl c |dfdwnehd iehpdryc|keh

    od|qddh Ycllcb Ntyydkh chl Cfk

    Ncyych cf"Bcmkl( Ycllcb erldrdl nkb

    |e `erb c qerjkha aretw C`|dr |nd

    bdd|kha Cfk Ncyych cf"Bcmkl rd|trhdl

    |e |nd crdc NS Cdrkcf wki|trdy e`

    Ncfcomc c`|dr |nd c||cij qdrd yneqh |e

    Ycllcb Ntyydkh chl e|ndr bdbodry e`

    |nd _dpeft|kehcr{ Iebbchl Iethikf(

    Ehd e` Ntyydkhy oel{atcrly oretan|

    97 wrkyehdry et|( \nd{ qdrd Jtrly(

    \nd Wrdykldh| nkbydf` yne| |ndb ehd

    c`|dr che|ndr qk|n c Oreqhkha wky|ef(

    Che|ndr 97 wrkyehdry qdrd oretan|

    chl |nd wreidyy qcy rdwdc|dl( Ycllcb

    qcy fctankha chl eopketyf{ dhme{kha

    nkbydf`( \ndrd qcy ofeel dpdr{qndrd

    k| qcy fkjd ch coc||ekr \neyd

    qne qdrd y|kff cfkpd qdrd dpdh|tcff{`khkyndl e`` o{ |nd yditrk|{ e``kidry(

    Ycllcby Ld`dhydC| |nd dhl e` Mthd ?77

  • 7/23/2019 The Genocide of the iraqi kurds and Trial of saddam hussein

    10/13

    3> v Irdkan|eh Fcq{dr @cff ?774

    ld|ckhdd( Cy ytin nd qcy cofd |e nkrd

    iethydf od`erd nd thldrqdh| c `erbcf

    crrckahbdh| ndcrkha cf|netan nky iethydf

    qcy he| wrdydh| `er |nd khk|kcf incrakhawreiddlkhay(

    Mcistdy Pdrady c 1>"{dcr"efl @rdhin

    irkbkhcf ld`dhyd fcq{dr qne `cbetyf{

    rdwrdydh|dl Icrfey |nd Mcijcf ?7 {dcry

    cae ky ehd e` ydpdrcf `erdkah c||erhd{y

    yddjkha |e ndfw `cynkeh Ntyydkhy ld`dhyd(

    Cyjdl cy |e qnd|ndr nd qetfl ocyd c

    ld`dhyd e` Ntyydkh eh |nd iebwfkik|{ e`

    qdy|drh ieth|rkdy Pdrady rdywehldl=

    ZLRtrkha |nd _dcach clbkhky|rc|keh

    ZLehcflR _tby`dfl nkbydf` qcy kh

    incrad e` yebd jd{ rdfc|kehy qk|n |nd

    Krcsk ct|nerk|kdy Qdy|drh ieth|rkdy

    yefl qdcwehy |e Ycllcb( Qdy|drh

    ieth|rkdy dhietrcadl |nd qcr cackhy|

    Krch( Qdy|drh ieth|rkdy qdrd wrdydh| kh

    Krcs |nretan lkwfebc|ki ldfdac|kehy(

    \nd{ qdrdh| ofkhl Eopketyf{& kh

    |nd ietryd e` c |rkcf& |nd `thlcbdh|cf

    dfdbdh| qkff od= {et |rdc| bd fkjd c

    wcrkcn& ot| K qcy {etr `rkdhl( Qnc| qd

    lkl& qd lkl |ead|ndr( K `krdl |nd otffd|&

    ot| {etrd |nd ehd qne acpd bd |nd ath

    {et dpdh wekh|dl et| |nd dhdb{(

    Ntyydkhy fcq{dry bc{ dpdh clbk| |nc| nd

    ky c behy|dr chl yddj |e wkh ciiebwfkid

    fkcokfk|{ eh |nd Qdy|( \nd{ qkff cfye |r{

    |e yfkw |nretan |nd wreydit|kehy icyd

    |e yneq ywdik`ki kh|dh| `er |nd adheikld

    cackhy| |nd Jtrly o{ cratkha |nc| Ntyydkh

    khy|dcl ncl cf|drhc|kpd btf|kwfd kh|dh|y(

    \nd{ qkff yc{ |nc| k| qcy hdpdr nky kh|dh|

    |e ldy|re{ |ndb( _c|ndr nky wrkbcr{

    kh|dh| qcy |e kbweyd ardc|dr idh|rcf

    ieh|ref epdr |nd ekf`kdfly thldrf{kha

    |rclk|kehcff{ wewtfc|dl Jtrlkyn crdcy

    kh |nd her|n chl nky ydiehlcr{ kh|dh|

    qcy |e ieboc| Jtrlkyn `eridy cyyky|khaKrch ltrkha |nd Krch"Krcs Qcr(

    @er wree` e` |nd wrkbcr{ kh|dh| Ntyydkh

    qkff wekh| |e hc|kehcf yditrk|{ iehidrhy

    cyyeikc|dl qk|n cffeqkha c rdy|kpd

    we|dh|kcff{ ordcjcqc{ wewtfc|keh |e

    rdbckh kh ieh|ref e` |nd ieth|r{y

    Ckr @erid Bcy|dr Ya|( _kincrl Otrin& rkan|& c ywdi|rcf chcf{y|& chl Ortid Adrrkij& c T(Y( adeyikdh|ky|& y|tl{ bcyy arcpdyk|dy eh ch Krcsk bcw kh|ndkr e`id kh Ocanlcl kh Ldidbodr ?779(

    Qnc| qcy `ethl c| Nc|rc yneqy neq|nd Ntyydkh fdcldrynkw bcld cotykhdyy e` jkffkha wdewfd(

    Adheikld chl |nd \rkcf e` Ycllcb Ntyydkh

  • 7/23/2019 The Genocide of the iraqi kurds and Trial of saddam hussein

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    Irdkan|eh Fcq{dr @cff ?774 v 3;

    fcrady| ekf rdydrpdy( Nd qkff cratd |nc|

    nky lrciehkch `eridl"bkarc|keh wefkikdy

    qdrd adcrdl |e |nky dhl chl |nc| |e |nd

    d~|dh| |nc| fcrad htbodry e` Jtrly lkdl

    k| qcy odictyd |nd{ rdyky|dl( \e ordcj|nky rdyky|chid ncryn bd|nely fkjd tyd

    e` iehidh|rc|keh icbwy chl acy ncl |e

    od dbwfe{dl ot| he| |e jkff |ndb

    cy c aretw ehf{ |e `rkan|dh |ndb kh|e

    iebwfkchid( K` |nd ld`dhyd c||erhd{y

    ich iehpkhid |nd mtlad |nc| Ntyydkhy

    kh|dh| qcy |e yditrd Krcsy diehebki

    qdcf|n o{ ldwewtfc|kha |nd Jtrlkyn

    crdcy |ndrdo{ yditrkha |nd ekf`kdfly |ndh

    |nd wreydit|kehy yneqkha e` kh|dh|

    odiebdy btin ncrldr( \nd wreydit|er

    ncy |e he| ehf{ yneq |nd rdstkyk|d dpkf

    kh|dh| ot| cfye ldbehy|rc|d |nc| |nd

    cf|drhc|kpd kh|dh| ky he| wfctykofd(

    @er wree` e` |nd ydiehlcr{ kh|dh|

    hcbdf{ |nd kh|dh| |e ieboc| Jtrlkyn

    `eridy cyyky|kha Krch kh k|y qcr cackhy|

    Krcs Ntyydkh qkff wreltid dpkldhid e`

    iefftykeh od|qddh Jtrlkyn chl Krchkch

    `eridy ltrkha |nd Krch"Krcs Qcr( Nd

    qkff cratd |nc| `kan|kha |nd Krchkchy chl

    `kan|kha |nd Krcsk Jtrly qdrd ehd chl |ndycbd |nkha `reb Ocanlcly wdrywdi|kpd(

    \nc| Jtrlkyn `eridy |eej Ncfcomc kh 3;>>

    qk|n ytwwer| `reb Krchkch `eridy cy |nd{

    ireyydl kh|e her|ndrh Krcs fdak|kbk}dl

    |nd c||cij o{ Krcsk `eridy eh |nc| ik|{ cy c

    bkfk|cr{ hdidyyk|{( Ntyydkh qkff ieh|dhl

    |nc| qnkfd k| qcy th`er|thc|d |nc| 4777

    Krcsk Jtrly lkdl ltrkha ieboc| nky kh|dh|

    qcy he| |e jkff ikpkfkchy et|rkan| ot| |e

    rd|cjd c y|rc|dakicff{ kbwer|ch| crdc(

    \nd wreydit|keh bty| ofth| |ndyd

    cf|drhc|kpd kh|dh| |nderkdy( Adearcwn{

    ndfwy |ndb |e thldrbkhd |nd ydiehlcr{

    cf|drhc|kpd kh|dh| |nder{ `er |nd

    Ch`cf icbwckah |nc| Ntyydkh qcy

    ieboc|kha Jtrly iefftlkha qk|n Krchkch

    `eridy ltrkha qcr|kbd( \nd bcmerk|{

    e` Jtrlkyn pkffcady acyydl er ldy|re{dl

    ltrkha |nd Ch`cfy qdrd dk|ndr eh |nd

    oerldr qk|n \trjd{ he| Krch er yebd

    lky|chid khfchl `reb |nd Krchkch oerldr

    qndrd bey| e` |nd bkfk|cr{ khitrykehy

    qdrd |cjkha wfcid( Berdepdr |neyd

    |crad|dl o{ |nd Ch`cfy qdrd ikpkfkchy

    he| bkfk|cr{ `eridy er crbdl Jtrly(

    \nd wreydit|keh bc{ ineeyd |e

    clbk| |nd feaki e` ieth|drkhytradhi{

    cy |nd thldrf{kha kldc `er irdc|keh

    e` |nd Ch`cf chl |e cratd |nc| |nd

    ieth|drkhytradhi{ hehd|ndfdyy dpefpdl

    kh|e adheikld( Cy ehd adheikld rdydcrindr`er Ntbch _kan|y Qc|in he|dy |nd

    `ci| |nc| Ch`cf qcy o{ |nd hcrreqdy|

    ld`khk|keh c ieth|drkhytradhi{ ledy

    he|nkha |e lkbkhkyn |nd `ci| |nc| k|

    qcy cfye ch ci| e` adheikld( \ndrd

    ky he|nkha bt|tcff{ d~iftykpd coet|

    ieth|drkhytradhi{ chl adheikld(

    Khlddl ehd bc{ od |nd khy|rtbdh|

    tydl |e iehytbbc|d |nd e|ndr(

    \nd diehebki rc|kehcfd e` |nd wrkbcr{

    cf|drhc|kpd kh|dh| |nder{ ky ncrldr |e

    c||cij ot| qk|n yebd rdpdryd dhakhddrkha

    |nd wreydit|keh bc{ od cofd |e

    thldrbkhd k| cy qdff( @er d~cbwfd kh c

    lcbhkha ste|d lrcqh `reb ehd

    e` bch{ ctlke|cwdy icw|trdl o{ |nd

    Thk|dl Y|c|dy chl |rchyfc|dl o{ |nd

    Ichclkch Oreclicy|kha Ierwerc|keh

    cf"Bcmkl lkyityydy |nd Ch`cfy=

    Z\Rdff nkb K qkff y|rkjd( K qkff y|rkjd

    qk|n indbkicfy chl jkff |ndb cff(

    Qnc| ky |nd kh|drhc|kehcf iebbthk|{

    aekha |e yc{5 \nd ndff qk|n |ndb

    chl |nd ndff qk|n ch{ e|ndr ieth|r{

    kh |nd qerfl |nc| eomdi|y(

    Lehcfl _tby`dfl bdd|y Ycllcb Ntyydkh kh 3;>9 .|cjdh `reb pklde fd+(

    Adheikld chl |nd \rkcf e` Ycllcb Ntyydkh

    K`krdl |nd otffd| ot| {etrd |nd ehd qneacpd bd |nd ath {et dpdh wekh|dlet| |nd dhdb{(

  • 7/23/2019 The Genocide of the iraqi kurds and Trial of saddam hussein

    12/13

    ?7 v Irdkan|eh Fcq{dr @cff ?774

    K` |nc| dpkldh| adheiklcf kh|dh| ich

    od kbwt|dl ocij tw |nd inckh |e

    Ntyydkh |ndh Ntyydkhy cf|drhc|kpd

    d~wfchc|kehy bc{ ieffcwyd(

    \nd wreydit|keh qkff od ndfwdl

    iehykldrcof{ o{ |nd `ci| |nc| ye bch{

    ytrpkpery e` Ntyydkhy adheiklcf wefkikdy

    crd pefth|ddrkha |e wrdydh| dpkldhid

    cackhy| nkb( Kh rdfc|keh |e |nd c||cij eh

    Ncfcomc c `dbcfd y|tldh| c| |nc| |kbd

    qcy rethldl tw qk|n e|ndr y|tldh|y

    chl wcrcldl od`erd Ntyydkh c| bkfk|cr{

    ndclstcr|dry kh Ytfdkbchk{cn( Ynd ycq

    nkb eh c arddh |dfdwnehd chl ndcrl nkblky|khi|f{ akpd |nd erldr |e oebocrl

    |nd ik|{=

    ZKR qetfl fkjd |e |dy|k`{ |nc| K ycq

    nkb bcjd |nc| wnehd icff |nc| lc{(

    K |nkhj |nd bc||dr ncy iebd cfkpd

    cackh& chl heq qd qkff ydd mty|kid(

    Ch Crco Krcsk `reb Ocanlcl qne

    qk|hdyydl wfchdy fecldl qk|n thtytcf

    qdcwehy c| |nd Crokf ckr`kdfl |nc| berhkha

    qch|y |e |dff nky y|er{ kh ietr| cy qdff(

    Fcij e` jheqfdlad ky che|ndr ld`dhyd

    Ntyydkh qkff rckyd qnkin cfye aedy

    |e |nd dy|cofkynbdh| e` ywdik`ki kh|dh|(

    Ntyydkh qkff ifckb |nc| nd qcy thcqcrd

    e` |nd ci|kpk|kdy e` nky ytoerlkhc|dy(

    \nky ld`dhyd bc{ `ckf neqdpdr k` |nd

    T(Y( e`idry `reb |nd 9rl 4?hl Ikpkf C``ckry Iebbchl chl c `erdhyki |dcb `reb |nd Idh|rd `er @erdhyki Yikdhid& \dinhefea{ chl Fcq e` |nd

    Kh`erid @ethlc|keh ac|ndr |e d~cbkhd |nd rdbckhy e` nthlrdly e` oelkdy kh c yineef kh Bc{ ?779 kh Cf Btyc{{ko& Krcs( \nd oelkdy qdrd oretan|

    |e |nd yineef `reb c bcyy arcpd lkyiepdrdl kh |nd ldydr| kh |nd et|yjkr|y e` Cf Btyc{{ko(

    Adheikld chl |nd \rkcf e` Ycllcb Ntyydkh

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    13/13

    Irdkan|eh Fcq{dr @cff ?774 v ?3

    wreydit|keh wrewdrf{ cyydr|y |nd iebbchl

    rdywehykokfk|{ lei|rkhd |nc| kbwt|dy

    jheqfdlad tw |nd inckh e` iebbchl

    |e fdcldry qne rdcyehcof{ ynetfl ncpd

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    mailto:mkelly@creighton.edumailto:mkelly@creighton.edu

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