Transcript
COTTON• Cotton fiber is a single
elongated cell.• Under a microscope , cotton
fiber looks like flat , spirally twisted ribbon-like tube with rough granular surface. Mercised cotton does not have natural twist. The finishing process makes them swollen,straight,smooth and round with a shining surface.
• MICROSCOPIC VIEW OF COTTON
COTTONSOLUBLE IN
• Cuprammonium hydroxide.INSOULUBLE IN
• 80% formic acid xylene(boiling)
• Xyledimethylbenzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon mixture consisting of a benzene ne, xylol or ring with two methyl groups at various substituted positions.
• Formula: C8H10
COTTON
BURNING TEST• BURN CHARACTER: steady
flame/yellow flame.• SMOKE/SMELL: burning
paper.• RESIDUE: soft dark ash
BURN TEST VIEW
WOOL
• Wool fiber has irregular,roughly cylindrical,multi cellular structure with tapered ends. Under a microscope,three basic layers are shown epidermis(outer layer) , cortex (midddle layer) and medulla (inner layer) medula seen only in coarse.
• MICROSCPIC VIEW OF WOOL
WOOL
SOLUBLE IN• Molar sodium hypochlorite
Boiling 5% sodium hydroxide
INSOLUBLE IN• Cold meta cresol 80%
formic acid.• meta-Cresol, also 3-
methylphenol, is an organic compound with the formula CH₃C₆H₄. It is a colourless, viscous liquid that is an intermediate in the production of other chemicals.
WOOL
BURNING TEST• Burn Character: self-
extinguishing • Smoke/Smell: burning
hair/feathers.• Residue: irregular hollow
bead• Notes: shrinks from flame.
BURN TEST VIEW
LINEN
• Linen fiber under a microscope , looks like having sided cylindrical filaments with fine pointed edges. The filament show nodes at intervals . It in fact looks like a bamboo stick having joints that results into a little unevenness.
MICROSCOPIC VIEW OF LINEN
LINEN
SOLUBLE IN • 75% (m/m) sulphuric acid
(slowly and may be partly only) swells in cuprammonium hydroxide.
INSOLUBLE IN• Xylene (boiling) Meta
cresol.
LINEN
BURN TEST• Burn Character: slow to
ignite• Smoke/Smell : burning
paper.• Residue: fine gray ash.
BURN TEST VIEW
SILK• Silk fibers are straight and smooth.• Raw silk fiber composed of two
filaments , has elliptical shape under the microscope.
• Two fine and lustrous filaments are shown clearly looking like transparent rods with triangular shape
• Wild silk or tussah fiber has different appearance then cultivated fiber .It is flattened , coarse thick and broader fiber having fine line on its surface where as cultivated silk is narrower fiber with no marks on.
MICROSCOPIC VIEW OF SILK
SILK
SOLUBLE IN• cuprammonium hydroxide • Molar sodium hypochlorite
INSOLUBLE IN• Xylene (boiling) Meta
cresol.
SILK
BURN TEST• Burn Character: burns
slowly/self-extinguishing.• Smoke/Smell: burning hair.• Residue: irregular soft bead.• Notes: doesn't shrink from
flame.
BURN TEST VIEW
POLYESTER
• Polyester (aka Terylene) is a category of polymers which contain the ester functional group in their main chain.
• Generally polyester fiber are smooth and straight and crossection in the round.
• MICROSCOPIC VIEW OF POLYESTER
POLYESTER
SOLUBLE IN • Hot meta cresol
dicholroacetic acid
INSOLUBLE IN• Cold meta cresol 80%
formic acid
POLYESTER
BURN TEST• Burn Character: melts
and burns.• Smoke/Smell: sweet
chemical.• Residue: hard black
bead.• Notes: melted fiber
drips black smoke.
BURN TEST VIEW
NYLON
• The basic microscopic appearance is generally fine ,round , smooth and translucent.
• Some times it has shiny appearance .if it looks dull ,it will also be dotted under the microscope.
MICROSCOPIC VIEW OF NYLON
NYLON
SOLUBLE IN• 80% formic acid cold
meta cresol.
INSOLUBLE IN• cuprammonium
hydroxide. Dichloromethane
NYLON
BURN TEST• Burn Character: melts
and burns.• Smoke/Smell: celery
odor.• Residue: hard black
bead.• Notes: melted fiber
drips.
BURN TEST VIEW
JUTE
• Longitudinal View : Cross wise marks called nodes or joints.
• Cross sectional view : The fibres have a small central canal similar to the lumen in cotton.Several sided or polygonal with rounded edges.
MICROSCOPIC VIEW
JUTE
SOLUBLE IN • 75% (m/m) sulphuric acid
(slowly and may be partly only) swells in cuprammonium hydroxide
INSOLUBLE IN• Xylene (boiling) Meta
cresol.
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