Textile fiber report

TEXTILE FIBER REPORT

By Syed Abdul Rafay HassanTS1-A

COTTON• Cotton fiber is a single

elongated cell.• Under a microscope , cotton

fiber looks like flat , spirally twisted ribbon-like tube with rough granular surface. Mercised cotton does not have natural twist. The finishing process makes them swollen,straight,smooth and round with a shining surface.

• MICROSCOPIC VIEW OF COTTON

COTTONSOLUBLE IN

• Cuprammonium hydroxide.INSOULUBLE IN

• 80% formic acid xylene(boiling)

• Xyledimethylbenzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon mixture consisting of a benzene ne, xylol or ring with two methyl groups at various substituted positions.

• Formula: C8H10

COTTON

BURNING TEST• BURN CHARACTER: steady

flame/yellow flame.• SMOKE/SMELL: burning

paper.• RESIDUE: soft dark ash

BURN TEST VIEW

WOOL

• Wool fiber has irregular,roughly cylindrical,multi cellular structure with tapered ends. Under a microscope,three basic layers are shown epidermis(outer layer) , cortex (midddle layer) and medulla (inner layer) medula seen only in coarse.

• MICROSCPIC VIEW OF WOOL

WOOL

SOLUBLE IN• Molar sodium hypochlorite

Boiling 5% sodium hydroxide

INSOLUBLE IN• Cold meta cresol 80%

formic acid.• meta-Cresol, also 3-

methylphenol, is an organic compound with the formula CH₃C₆H₄. It is a colourless, viscous liquid that is an intermediate in the production of other chemicals.

WOOL

BURNING TEST• Burn Character: self-

extinguishing • Smoke/Smell: burning

hair/feathers.• Residue: irregular hollow

bead• Notes: shrinks from flame.

BURN TEST VIEW

LINEN

• Linen fiber under a microscope , looks like having sided cylindrical filaments with fine pointed edges. The filament show nodes at intervals . It in fact looks like a bamboo stick having joints that results into a little unevenness.

MICROSCOPIC VIEW OF LINEN

LINEN

SOLUBLE IN • 75% (m/m) sulphuric acid

(slowly and may be partly only) swells in cuprammonium hydroxide.

INSOLUBLE IN• Xylene (boiling) Meta

cresol.

LINEN

BURN TEST• Burn Character: slow to

ignite• Smoke/Smell : burning

paper.• Residue: fine gray ash.

BURN TEST VIEW

SILK• Silk fibers are straight and smooth.• Raw silk fiber composed of two

filaments , has elliptical shape under the microscope.

• Two fine and lustrous filaments are shown clearly looking like transparent rods with triangular shape

• Wild silk or tussah fiber has different appearance then cultivated fiber .It is flattened , coarse thick and broader fiber having fine line on its surface where as cultivated silk is narrower fiber with no marks on.

MICROSCOPIC VIEW OF SILK

SILK

SOLUBLE IN• cuprammonium hydroxide • Molar sodium hypochlorite

INSOLUBLE IN• Xylene (boiling) Meta

cresol.

SILK

BURN TEST• Burn Character: burns

slowly/self-extinguishing.• Smoke/Smell: burning hair.• Residue: irregular soft bead.• Notes: doesn't shrink from

flame.

BURN TEST VIEW

POLYESTER

• Polyester (aka Terylene) is a category of polymers which contain the ester functional group in their main chain.

• Generally polyester fiber are smooth and straight and crossection in the round.

• MICROSCOPIC VIEW OF POLYESTER

POLYESTER

SOLUBLE IN • Hot meta cresol

dicholroacetic acid

INSOLUBLE IN• Cold meta cresol 80%

formic acid

POLYESTER

BURN TEST• Burn Character: melts

and burns.• Smoke/Smell: sweet

chemical.• Residue: hard black

bead.• Notes: melted fiber

drips black smoke.

BURN TEST VIEW

NYLON

• The basic microscopic appearance is generally fine ,round , smooth and translucent.

• Some times it has shiny appearance .if it looks dull ,it will also be dotted under the microscope.

MICROSCOPIC VIEW OF NYLON

NYLON

SOLUBLE IN• 80% formic acid cold

meta cresol.

INSOLUBLE IN• cuprammonium

hydroxide. Dichloromethane

NYLON

BURN TEST• Burn Character: melts

and burns.• Smoke/Smell: celery

odor.• Residue: hard black

bead.• Notes: melted fiber

drips.

BURN TEST VIEW

JUTE

• Longitudinal View : Cross wise marks called nodes or joints.

• Cross sectional view : The fibres have a small central canal similar to the lumen in cotton.Several sided or polygonal with rounded edges.

MICROSCOPIC VIEW 

JUTE

SOLUBLE IN • 75% (m/m) sulphuric acid

(slowly and may be partly only) swells in cuprammonium hydroxide

INSOLUBLE IN• Xylene (boiling) Meta

cresol.

JUTE

BURN TEST• Burn Character: slow to

ignite.• Smoke/Smell:burning

paper• Residue: fine gray ash

BURN TEST VIEW