Transcript
TECHNOLOGY/
MEDIA BASED
APPLICATIONDatabase
Graphic Applications
Media Presentations
Internet Technologies
Prepared by:
Ida Lyn A. Azuelo
BSED- Physics 2
Database
A collection of information organized in such a way that a computer program can quickly select desired pieces of data.
A database can be thought of as a set of logically related files organized to facilitate
access by one or more applications programs and to minimize data redundancy.
General Objectives
The elimination of data redundancy is only one of many reasons for establishing a database. Others include:
Integrate existing data files
Share data among all users
Incorporate changes easily and quickly
Simplify the use of data files
General Objectives
Lower the cost of storing and retrieving data
Improve accuracy and consistency
Provide data security from unauthorized use
Exercise central control over standards
Types of Databases
1. Flat ModelA simple database system in which eachdatabase is represented as a single table inwhich all of the records are stored as singlerows of data, which are separated bydelimiters such as tabs or commas. The tableis usually stored and physically representedas a simple text file.
Flat Model Database
Types of Databases
2. Hierarchical ModelA design that uses a one-to-manyrelationship for data elements. Hierarchicaldatabase models use a tree structure thatlinks a number of disparate elements to one"owner," or "parent," primary record.
Hierarchical Model Database
Types of Databases
3. Network ModelA database model that allows multiplerecords to be linked to the same owner file.The model can be seen as an upside downtree where the branches are the memberinformation linked to the owner, which is thebottom of the tree. The multiple linkageswhich this information allows the networkdatabase model to be very flexible.
Network Model Database
Types of Databases
4. Relational ModelA collective set of multiple data setsorganized by tables, records and columns.RDBs establish a well-defined relationshipbetween database tables. Tablescommunicate and share information,which facilitates data search ability,organization and reporting.
Relational Model Database
Advantages Reduced data redundancy
Reduced updating errors and increased consistency
Greater data integrity and independence from applications programs
Improved data access to users through use of host and query languages
Improved data security
Reduced data entry, storage, and retrieval costs
Facilitated development of new applications program
Disadvantages
¤ Database systems are complex, difficult, and time-consuming to design
¤ Substantial hardware and software start-up costs
¤ Damage to database affects virtually all applications programs
¤ Extensive conversion costs in moving form a file-based system to a database system
¤ Initial training required for all programmers and users
A program for the generation of images, ranging in complexity from simple line drawings to realistically
shaded pictures that resemble photographs.
Graphic Applications
Purposes
• To show and compare changes
• To show and compare relationships
• To bring facts to life
Graphics
-refers to any computer device orprogram that makes a computercapable of displaying and manipulatingpictures. The term also refers to theimages themselves.
AdvantagesQuick way for the audience to visualize what
you are saying -- numbers, trends, up or down
Forceful -- emphasizes main point
Convincing -- proves a point, see and hear
Compact way to convey information
More interesting than just talk or print (Remember to use as many of the five senses as possible)
Disadvantages
¤ Time consuming to make -- decisions must be made in advance for layout, color, materials, etc.
¤ Technical in nature -- audience knowledge to interpret, or understand
¤ Costly -- depending on the medium used (poster board, transfer letters, etc.)
The following are graphics applications:
• Paint programs : Allow you to create rough freehand drawings. The images are stored as bit maps and can easily be edited.
• Illustration/design programs: Supports more advanced features than paint programs, particularly for drawing curved lines. The images are usually stored in vector-based formats. Illustration/design programs are often called draw programs.
• Presentation graphics software : Lets you create bar charts, pie charts, graphics, and other types of images for slide shows and reports. The charts can be based on data imported from spreadsheet applications.
• Animation software: Enables you to chain and sequence a series of images to simulate movement. Each image is like a frame in a movie.
• CAD software: Enables architects and engineers to draft designs.
• Desktop publishing : Provides a full set of word-processing features as well as fine control over placement of text and graphics, so that you can create newsletters, advertisements, books, and other types of documents.
The form and technology used to communicate information.
Multimedia presentations, for example, combine sound, pictures,
and videos, all of which are different types of media.
Media Presentations
Using Media in a Presentation
• Media skills are beneficial for presentations. Some people have a tendency to overuse PowerPoint presentations.
• Whatever media a presenter/educator chooses to use, it should be there to help the presenter. Media are merely visuals that back what the presenter is saying.
Media are any devices thatassist an instructor to transmitto a learner the facts, skills,attitudes and knowledge oradditional materials usedwhen using a particularteaching method to makelearning easy, as it intend tohelp both the teacher toteach more reflectively andthe learner to grasp theconcepts more effectively.
Choice of media and format depends on:
1. Your audience(s)
2. Your budget
3. The communication channels best for your specific audience(s) and
4. How long the communication intervention will continue
5. And how critical it is to encourage genuine participation for social change communication.
Types of Media
• Printed media – includes text books, magazines, newspapers, journal, bulletins, web pages, blogs etc.
– It helps learners to get more information through reading widely, research and providing more enjoyment from various sources of facts.
Types of Media• Visual media – composes of
photographs, graphics, pictures, maps, models, game puzzle, artifacts, wall charts etc.
– This makes visual impression to the learner. It attracts pupil’s attention and aid concentration as they illustrate meaning more directly and quickly that through verbal explanation.
Types of Media• Audio media – refers to
analog tape cassettes and digital CDs, as well as to computer files containing audio in any number of digital formats.
– This is good for the less literate (or aural learners/auditory learners). It helps stimulating the listener’s imagination and evoking emotional responses.
Types of Media
• Audio-Visual media –includes videos and films.
– The sounds produced make the understanding of the facial impressions, gestures, physical background shown easier and learning becomes closer to real life situations.
Advantages
Increases learning effectiveness.
Is more appealing over traditional, lecture-based learning methods.
Tailors information to the individual.
Provides high-quality video images & audio.
Frees the teacher from routine tasks.
Disadvantages
¤ Expensive
¤ Not always easy to configure
¤ Requires special hardware
¤ Not always compatible
Internet Technologies
Internet• A global computer network providing a
variety of information and communication facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using standardized communication protocols. (The Oxford Dictionary)
Commonly Used Internet Technologies in Education:
1. Video and Podcasting - one of the most widely adopted internet technologies for use in instructional settings is video streaming.
2. Presentation Tools - this category is vast andrich. These tools can be used to supportclassroom teaching or distance learning, or forstudent reports and presentations.
3. Collaboration & Brainstorming Tools -including thought-organizing tools like mindmap and bubbl.us, and collaborative tools like web based interactive whiteboards and Google Documents.
4. Blogs & Blogging – educators should be aware of sites like Blogger and WordPress, where users can quickly and easily create their own blogs for free.
5. Wikis – allow users to create free wiki web sites and are a great way to get started with using wikis for educational applications.
6. Social Networking – All educators shouldhave a basic understanding of siteslike Facebook and MySpace and how theyare used. Educators should also be aware ofthe professional social networking siteLinkedIn.
7. IM (Instant Messaging) – A large percentage of students use IM regularly, via Aim, IM aggregator site Meebo (Meeboallows users to combine messaging from Aim, Yahoo, MySpace, Facebook, and other sites), or other tools.
8. Virtual Worlds – This technology has received a lot of press, with SecondLife being the clear leader thus far in this application area.
Advantages
Faster Communication
Abundant Information Resources
Inexhaustible Education
Entertainment for Everyone
Social Networking and Staying Connected
Online Services and E-commerce
Disadvantages
¤ Theft of Personal Information
¤ Spamming
¤ Malware Threats
¤ Age-inappropriate Content
¤ Social Isolation, Obesity, and Depression
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