Transcript
States of MatterStates of MatterStates of MatterStates of Matter
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Mr. KumarMr. Kumar
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Content Standards• Mc REL Standards
– Physical Sciences• Standard 8:Understands the structure
and properties of matter
What are we learning here?
We will•recall about the different states of matter•recall the molecular structure of different
states of matter.•think over and understand what makes them to behave the way they do.
What is matter?
Anything that occupies space and has a mass is called matter
States of matter• There are four states of matter
– Solids– Liquids– Gases– Plasmas (we are not going to discuss this here)
Stop & ThinkHow do you classify matter as Solids, liquids
or gases?
Two factors that distinguish them are
ShapeVolume
Let us analyze• Let us think about Solids
Look at the solids and identify their shapes by clicking the buttons
Cube
Cylinder
Cuboid
Cube
Cylinder
Cuboid
Cube
Cylinder
Cuboid
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Go back to the questions
Oooooooops!
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Go back to questions
Can solids change the shape on their own?
YES NO
Ooooops!
Oh No! They cannot change their
shape on their own!
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Do Solids have a definite shape?
Yes they do.
Now that you are clear about solids, Let us
take the case of liquids.
Liquids• I am pouring a liquid from one
container to another. What happens to its shape?
Changes
Do not change
I am sorry
• The shape of the liquid changes and it takes the shape of the container.
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Great! Now answer this!
Do liquids have a definite shape?
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No
• They don’t. They take the shape of the container.
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Gases• Can we say Oxygen is spherical in
shape & Carbon-di-oxide is cubical?
YES NO
No
They do not have a shape of their own.
Volume• Volume is the space occupied by
matter.
• Do Solids occupy space?
• Can they increase or decrease their space on their own?
YES NO
YES NO
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No! You are wrong!
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Volume• Let’s take the case
of Liquids• If I pour a liquid
from one container to another, Will the volume change?
YES NO
Ooooops!
No! If I pour 20 cc of water from one container to another, the 20 cc will remain the same and it will not change.
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Great! Let us take the case of Gases!
If I keep 20 cc of oxygen on a table in a room, will it remain there after sometime?
YES NO
I am sorry!
• No. It will not remain there after sometime. Gases spread around and they don’t stay at a place like solids or liquids.
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Great!Now answer these questions!
• Do Solids have definite volume?
• Do Liquids have definite volume?
• Do Gases have definite volume?
YES
YES
YES
NO
NO
NO
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I am sorry!
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Putting together• Solids have
– Definite shape and volume
• Liquids have– Definite volume but not shape
• Gases have– No shape or volume
Now let us look at the molecular structure of
solids
The molecules of solids are closely packed and are fixed. They cannot move freely but they can only vibrate about their mean positions.
Molecular Structure of Liquids
• In case of liquids, the molecules can move freely but within their volume.
Molecular Structure of Gases
• In Gases, the molecules are absolutely free and they can move anywhere.
ExtensionWhat makes the molecules of
Solids, liquids and gases behave the way they do?As an extension activity, go online
& check about Cohesion & Adhesion on the Internet.
Some useful links could be:
http://www.physlink.com/Education/AskExperts/Index.cfmAsk an expert -
http://www.topscience.org/co_adhesion.htmTop Science.org -
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/surten.html#c4Eduseek -
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