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Classification of Organisms

Domains and Kingdoms

DomainArchaea

DomainBacteria

Structure/Function

QuestionAnswer

A-100

• ANSWER: The science of describing, naming, and classifying organisms.• QUESTION: What is taxonomy?

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A-200

• ANSWER: The two-part naming system which uses the genus name and species identifier. (Example: Homo sapiens)

• QUESTION: What is binomial nomenclature?

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A-300

• ANSWER: The category of our current system of classification that is more specific than class but broader than family.

• QUESTION: What is the order?

QuestionAnswer

A-400

• ANSWER: A diagram which shows the relationship of organisms and is similar to a family tree.

• QUESTION: What is a phylogenetic diagram?

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A-500

• ANSWER: A feature that evolved only within a group under consideration that can be used to group organisms in a clade.

• QUESTION: What is a derived character?

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• ANSWER: The three domains of life.

• QUESTION: What are Domain Bacteria, Domain Arachaea, and Domain Eukarya?

B-100

QuestionAnswer

B-200

• ANSWER: The organisms in the Domain Archaea are most closely related to the organisms in this domain.

• QUESTION: What is the Domain Eukarya?

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B-300

• ANSWER: The kingdom you belong in.

• QUESTION: What is Kingdom Animalia?

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B-400

• ANSWER: The organisms in this kingdom are eukaryotes that are mostly autotrophic and photosynthetic.

• QUESTION: What is Kingdom Plantae?

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B-500

• ANSWER: The organisms in this kingdom are classified according to what they are NOT.

• QUESTION: What is the Kingdom Protista?

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C-100

• ANSWER: The organisms in this group are named for the methane gas they create from the conversion of hydrogen and carbon dioxide gases.

• QUESTION: What are the methanogens?

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C-200

• ANSWER: The organisms in this group are named for the Greek word for “salt-loving.”

• QUESTION: What are the halophiles?

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C-300

• ANSWER: The organisms from this group can be found in environments with a high temperature and low pH.

• QUESTION: What are the thermoacidophiles?

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C-400

• ANSWER: Organisms in the domain Archaea have pieces of DNA that do not code for amino acids, also known as this.

• QUESTION: What are introns?

QuestionAnswer

C-500

• ANSWER: Bacteria in the Domain Archaea lack this compound in their cell walls.

• QUESTION: What is peptidoglycan?

QuestionAnswer

D-100

• ANSWER: Bacteria that are spiral-shaped are in this group.

• QUESTION: What is spirilla?

QuestionAnswer

D-200

• ANSWER: Bacteria can be grouped according to their cell wall using this laboratory technique.

• QUESTION: What is gram staining?

QuestionAnswer

D-300

• ANSWER: Bacteria can be grouped according to this type of genetic information.

• QUESTION: What is rRNA?

QuestionAnswer

D-400

• ANSWER: Bacteria that are nitrogen-fixing do this.

• QUESTION: What is convert nitrogen gas in the atmosphere into a more useful form (such as ammonia)?

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D-500

• ANSWER: Bacteria that are considered to be actinomycetes can be used to create these.

• QUESTION: What are antibiotics?

QuestionAnswer

E-100

• ANSWER: This structure of bacteria protects the cell and gives it shape.

• QUESTION: What is the cell wall?

QuestionAnswer

E-200

• ANSWER: The flagellum can be used for this function.

• QUESTION: What is movement?

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E-300

• ANSWER: Plasmids consist of this genetic material.

• QUESTION: What are small, circular, self-replicating loops of double-stranded DNA?

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E-400

• ANSWER: The capsule of bacteria is made of this sticky sugar.

• QUESTION: What is glycocalyx?

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E-500

• ANSWER: Photosynthetic bacteria have thylakoids in their inner membrane which do this.

• QUESTION: What is trap light energy?