Review 1750 1900 2

REVIEW 1750-1900

Ottoman EmpireQing Chinese Empire

Meiji Japanese Empire

EMPIRES! Evil and not so evil

The new economic needs created in Europe by the Industrial Revolution encouraged Europeans to _____________. a. cut back on consumptionb. borrow large sums of moneyc. expand across the globed. reconsider their valuese. unite

Europeans came to see themselves as ____________ superior to all other people in the world as a result of their sudden dominance. a. athleticallyb. raciallyc. agriculturallyd. not verye. temporarily

"Social Darwinism" was the notion that only the fittest races would _____________. a. be happyb. have large familiesc. become literated. survivee. learn to swim

Ottoman Empire & Qing Empire – the turbulent 19th century

The Decline of Ottoman Rule

The decision of the Qing government to destroy more than 3 million pounds of __________ that it had seized from Western traders caused the British to attack China in 1842. a. rubberb. porcelainc. silkd. opiume. tobacco

Empires that didn’t strike back!

Qing Dynasty of China (1644 – 1911) The end of a 4000 years of dynastic cycles.

Ottoman Empire (1300 – 1918)

600 year old powerhouse fell.

CAUSESIn the 1700s, Qing China & the Ottoman

Empire• Had governments that resisted economic

change & attempted to maintain pre-industrial forms of economic production

• Had leadership that underestimated the growing power of the European nations

The Taiping uprising sought to _________ all of China's poor peasants. a. redistribute land tob. give food toc. murderd. blesse. employ

Empires that didn’t strike back!

CHANGES• Reforms were limited by

conservative elites• Economy weakened• Political Rebellions• European pressure / takeover

Modest reforms in the early twentieth century were ___________ to save the imperial order in China. a. just in timeb. more than enoughc. almost enoughd. not necessarye. too little and too late

One goal of the Ottoman Empire's attempts at modernization was to better __________ the empire's many non-Muslim communities. a. integrateb. oppressc. findd. enslavee. murder

1860s - 1900s

Japan transformed itself into a major industrial and

military power

The young samurai behind the Meiji restoration in 1868 sought to ________________. a. return Japan to traditional Japanese valuesb. redistribute the imbalance in wealth among Japanese merchantsc. learn as much as possible from the West so as to renew Japanese powerd. return confiscated property to European merchantse. restore the shogunate

FROM THIS . . .

TO THIS.

Japanese Imperialism 1860-1914

JAPAN~

Changes-• New dynasty – Meiji Period began• From a closed economy to Industrial

Power• From Traditional to Modern – Culture,

Economy, Military• Isolated nation-state to Imperial Power

Japan managed to modernize and industrialize without _____________, something that had severely damaged Ottoman and Egyptian attempts to modernize. a. internal chaosb. losing its identityc. converting to Christianityd. accruing massive foreign debte. polluting the environment

The partition of Africa 1914

The British Empire 19th century

Why did ordinary Europeans come to care whether their country gained new territories around the globe or not? a. Profits from new territories were distributed equally among all Europeans.b. Most Europeans were naturally curious about other cultures around the world.c. Many Europeans became swept up in mass nationalism.d. Many Europeans were looking for new places to settle or visit on vacation.

Which of the following inventions/discoveries was NOT a major factor in aiding European expansion in the nineteenth century? a. Quinineb. Breech-loading rifles and machine gunsc. The underwater telegraphd. The cotton gin

Steam!

Guns!

Medicine!

How did many Europeans come to understand the importance of race in the nineteenth century as a result of their industrial and territorial advancements? a. They came to recognize that racial differences are just skin deep.b. They saw the different races as separate but equal.c. They created "scientific" racial hierarchies with themselves at the top.d. Their views on race did not change over the course of the nineteenth century.

________________ became British settler colonies. a. Hong Kong and Belizeb. India and Tibetc. Nigeria and Ghanad. Australia and New Zealande. Egypt and Sudan

The legalized segregation of blacks and whites in South Africa came to be known as ____________. a. phrenologyb. social Darwinismc. apartheidd. varnae. the homeland system

By forcing colonized peoples to do work other than their traditional agriculture, European campaigns of forced labor caused widespread ____________ in those colonies. a. progressb. military conflictc. food shortages and faminesd. population growthe. competition

Some Africans and Asians benefited from the new European dominance by engaging in _______________, which often was highly profitable. a. stock market tradingb. cash-crop farmingc. industrial enterprised. drug dealinge. the sale of art to tourists

For a small minority of colonial subjects, the acquisition of Western _________ helped them create a new identity. a. moneyb. souvenirsc. spousesd. passportse. education

Which of the following was NOT a consequence of European colonialism for African women? a. Especially in the rural areas of South Africa, many women became heads of impoverished households, as their husbands left for work in the mines or cities.b. Some women in West Africa established themselves as small-scale traders.c. Under the influence of Christianity, most women began to marry later and have smaller families.d. Women's domestic workload increased greatly, as men were involved in the modern economy.