RENEWABLE ENERGY INTEGRATION IN OFF-GRID APPLICATIONS: Placing the grid stability at the heart of hybrid systems Asia Clean Energy Forum 2015 Manila 15-19.

RENEWABLE ENERGY INTEGRATION IN OFF-GRID APPLICATIONS:

Placing the grid stability at the heart of hybrid systems

Asia Clean Energy Forum 2015 Manila

15-19 June 2015

Subsidiaries• RE plants

25 YEARS’ experience on REMOTE and INSULAR areas

1992: first hybrid system

40 WIND & PV plants installed on islands worldwide

5 continents - 35 countries

4 subsidiaries of maintenance and local partners

Vergnet Hybrid systems : solutions based on field experience

RELIABLE RENEWABLES FOR ISLANDS GRIDS & REMOTE INDUSTRIES

Hybrid ?

What is really at stake : grid stability

One step beyond: Hybrid Wizard ©

Case study 1: Hybrid PV for remote island

Case Study 2: Wind –diesel for mining company

Case Study 3: High Penetration Wind-Battery

system for island

What decision makers should look at?

Why HYBRID?

100kWp = 47 T of diesel fuel saved/year

1 GEV MP-C Wind Turbine = 200 T of diesel fuel saved / year

Choosing the right technology for the site(resource, loads, weather, land, etc.)

Optimizing the design for the best ROI (Homer, Copex, etc.)System design Diesel + PV Diesel + Pv +Wind

+500kW/560kWhDiesel + Pv +Wind

+1MW/1MWh

€/l Diesel fuel 0.7 1.0 1.34 0.7 1.0 1.34 0.7 1.0 1.34

CapexCOE (Cost ofElectricity) in €/kWh

0.24 0.34 0.45 0.21 0.26 0.31 0.17 0.20 0.23

Renewables share 8.2% 54% 77%

Hybrid systems, what is at stake: Intermittent energy, Variable load

Efficient Hybrid control is the key

f

t

limit

Renewables Integration Issues Example : FREQUENCY (transient)

G G

No renewables:Working on Diesel Generator.No particular issues detected. (Stable production)

Without hybrid controller:The line of the PV plant is struck by lightning. It leads to a drop in produced power, thus a frequency drop.

Consequences: unwanted tripping leads to blackout of the grid.With Hybrid Wizard:Blackout has been avoided.

INTEGRITY / SERVICE CONTINUITY

50 Hz Without hybrid controller:The genset power increase speed is not high enough, no quick order to start additional genset,. Frequency drops and protection trips, disconnecting the genset and leading to a blackout.

Without hybrid controller:At first the grid is stable.

G

With Hybrid Wizard:Hybrid Wizard detects a risk of instability (resilience of the grid too low) and decides to add a Genset for spinning reserve or limit renewable power.

With Hybrid Wizard:Thanks to additional genset, the frequency drop does not overpass the limit.

With Hybrid Wizard:At first the grid is stable.

G

Network analyzer

G G

Hybrid system What is at stake?

Whatever the choice and complexity of the technology

(PV, wind, PV+wind, PV+wind+storage, etc.)

Whatever the size of the project

Whatever renewables penetration target rate

Grid stability must drive the design and the operation of the hybrid system during life cycle

Grid

Network analyzer

PV + inverter

Gensets

LOADSWind turbines + PLC

One step beyond : Hybrid Wizard ©One or several power analyzers are distributed on the grid

Most of the time, network analyzers are linked with an optical network

VoltageFrequencyCurrentFlickers coef.Harmonics (%)Grid resilience

SCADA

All measured values are transmitted to Hybrid Wizard ©

Optical fiber

Power instructions

Power instructionsHybrid Wizard © calculates in real-time new power instructions

Samoa 550 kW wind farm (running)

Kiribati 500 kWp PV plant (building)

Mauritania4.4 MW wind farm(running)

1.3 MWp PV plant(building)

Case Study 1: Wind diesel system for Mining companyLocation Mauritania

Technology Hybrid wizard controler, no storage

Installed Capacity

Wind: 4400kW

Diesel: 4 x 4000 kW

Peak load 10 000 kW

Case Study 1: Actual average penetration of Renewables since June 2013

= 1 TURBINE PAID FOR

AVERAGE WIND SHARE: 30%

FUEL CONSUMPTION: - 30%

DIESEL SAVINGS: 4 800 T /year

EVERY 3 MONTHS

Case study 2: Hybrid PV system for remote islandLocation Kiribati

Hybrid Technology

Hybrid Wizard controler

Installed Capacity

PV: 1.3MWp (400+500+400kWp)

Diesel: 5.45MW

Peak load 3500 kW (Week)

Case study 2: Hybrid PV system for remote island

POSSIBLE OVERCAPACITY OF PV PRODUCTION

DURING WEEK-END

Hybrid Wizard:

Real time management of PV

and Diesel power plants

Fuel savings: 596 T / year

Genset minimum setpoint: 30%

Case study 3: High penetration Wind-Diesel system for island

Location Caribbean Island

Hybrid Technology Hybrid Wizard controler

Installed Capacity

Wind: 1.925MW

PV: 114kW

Diesel: 1.9 MW

Battery for spinning reserve

Peak load 1.3 MW

Case study 3: High penetration Wind-diesel system for island

Wind

Genset

PVWind

Genset

PV

WIND POWER

BATTERY

AVERAGE RE SHARE

PEAK RE SHARE

RE USAGE

DIESEL SAVINGS

1.37MW

NO

40%70%

100%

1 039 m3/year

1.92 MW

YES

70%90%

100%

1 418 m3/year

Option 1: Hybrid Wizard without Battery storage

Option 2: Hybrid Wizard + Battery storage for spinning reserve

What should Decision Makers look atfor a successful off-grid projects implementation?

• Always keep grid stability as the driver for the system requirements• Consumption: minimum and maximum loads, grid parameters• Possibility of performing grid measurements, identify weak points, etc.

• Technology choice must be the result of the feasibility, not an a priori choice• Renewable resource assessment• Technology choice fit to the local situation (high perfo batteries in remote and sandy areas?)

• Set reasonable targets for penetration rates and have a step by step approach• Grid stability: the project must be immediately a success• Possibility to improve the system and targets : technology is evolving fast

• Project a flexible system, able to adapt to the grid evolutions• Possible evolutions of the consumption• Integration in the plans for development of the infrastructures of the territory

• Take Operation & Maintenance into account from the very beginning of the project• Technological choices and targets must fit to the local capability and infrastructures• If knowhow is not already present, include a capability building program

Technology is ready

Significant savings with high quality & reliability

Short payback time if good resource

Thank you

Istvan Ponsot – i.ponsot@vergnet.fr