Rehabilitation of District Heating in Serbia...HEATING IN SERBIA FIndividual heating: electrical, woods, coal, natural gas FLocal boiler station: coal, light fuel oil, heavy fuel oil
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S D H A
Petar Vasiljević, B.Sc.M.E., Radmilo Savić, M.Sc.M.E. andPE “Beogradske elektrane”
Rehabilitation of DistrictHeating in Serbia
Euroheat & PowerEnlarged Working Group Energy Policy
11 September 2008 - Budapest
DH Companies in SERBIA
SERBIAF Serbia lays between 19o and 23o of east geographic length and41o to 45o of north geographic width.F The climate is continental moderate.F Population 7,5 million.F Capital, Belgrade with 2million inhabitancies issituated on 132 m altitudeand has an average temp.of 11,9 oC and rel. hum. of 71%.F Due to moderate climateindividual heating in smallplaces and parts of big citiesis present, while DH ispresented in bigger towns.
Beograd
Novi SadB.Palanka
Zrenjanin
Pancevo
Loznica
Sabac
Obrenovac SmederevoPozarevac
Subotica
Sombor
VrbasBecej
S.Mitrovica
NisKnjazevac
Zajecar
Bor
Majdanpek
Pristina
K.Mitrovica
Novi Pazar
Pljevlja
Vranje
LeskovacPirot
Djakovica
KragujevacJagodina
BatocinaG.Milanovac
TrstenikKrusevac
Kraljevo
CacakUzice
Priboj
B.BastaKosjeric
Valjevo
Vrsac
Negotin
Kladovo
KikindaSenta
Nova VarosPrijepolje
HEATING IN SERBIA
F Individual heating: electrical, woods, coal, natural gasF Local boiler station: coal, light fuel oil, heavy fuel oilF District Heating: natural gas, heavy fuel oil, coal
Number of flates in Serbia 3.200.000. 100%
Flates with electrical heating 1.440.000. 45%
Flates connected on DH or localboiler stations 800.000. 25%
Flates heating with woods, coal etc. 640.000. 20%
Flates on individual heating withnatural gas 320.000. 10%
District heating
DH in SERBIAü In 55 townsü Installed capacity 7000 MWth
(45 % in Belgrade)ü Average age of :
Ø BOILERS 30 yearsØ NETWORK 25 yearsØ SUBSTATIONS 25 years
Association - TodayDH association
of all DH companiesfrom Serbia
Members 55 DHCTotal DH production
capacity 7000MW
Annual Heat Production6-7.000 GWh
District heating
n Average annual heat supply 6000 GWhthq 20% households (640,000 flats)
n Average annual fuel consumption around 590,000 toeq 65% natural gas, 18% HFO, 2% LFO, 15% coalsq DH switched to NG, if access was availableq No use of biomass at allq No use of solid waste at all
n No use of cogenerationn Several studies for small cogeneration in large DH
plants
District Heating Development
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
New Boilers – coalNew Boilers – HFO/LFONew Boilers - NGInvestment in DHRES
2008
District heating
Structure of average fuel consumption in DH (toe)
LFO, 8000Coal, 60000HFO, 102000
NG, 420000
DISTRICT HEATING IN SERBIAAT THE END OF YEAR 2000. (1/2)
§ Economic situation in country, especially in companies fordistrict heating was very bad. It is result of atrocious politicalsituation and not adequate relation of preliminary governmentabout heating and electrical energy prices.
§ The prices of heating energy are doesn’t change for severalyears, beside inflation from about 100% per year and growthof prices HFO and gas on world market.
§ That induces for all companies for district heating to workwith great losses. Therewith were not financial resources forannual repairs in heating plants.
§ Deteriorate pipelines wasn’t methodical changed, andequipment in substations is also deteriorate and outdated.
§ Measurement of delivered energy is into practice only insome business objects, not in all.
§ After Political transformation which are appear in theend of year 2000, situation enable better workingcondition for DHC, thry providing auspicious credits anddonations for modernization of plants and substitution ofdeteriorate pipelines, equipment in substation (pump,heat exchangers, heat meters), etc.
(2/2)
Priority in DH sector
v Rehabilitation of existing heat sources:Ø Increasing energy efficiencyØ Emissions reductionØ Decreasing heat lossesØ Modernisation of network and substations (heat
meters, thermostatic valves, heat coast alocators)v Rational use of fuels, increasing of NG usev Increasing use of biomass fuels and introduction of new
technologies, more efficient and more environmentalfriendly
History
n In last decade of XX century, no investment,production at the edge of technical andeconomical capabilities in DH sector
n Reformation in energy sector in Serbia (2001-2005) together with activity of IFI was startpoint for rehabilitation of DH sector
n During 2001 in 3 biggest towns in Serbia(Beograd, Nis, Novi sad), implementation ofthe programme started
Investment in DH rehabilitationv First donation was from Danish government at the end
of year 2000. – 1.1 mil DEM in spare partsv From 2001. – GRANTS AND LOANSv The biggest implemented project - KfWü Grant is in total 17.7 Mil € for rehabilitation of DH in
Beograd, Novi Sad and Nisü Modernization of heat production processü Replacement of out-of-age pipelinesü Reconstruction and replacement of substationsü Education of staffü Pilot-projects as a demonstration for a new tariff system
KfW Project
12 + 8 + 2+5.5 mil€2006/07/08…III phaseLOAN/GRANT*
10 mil €2002/03II phase GRANT7.7 mil €2001I phase GRANT
* Towns:Niš, Kragujevac, Kraljevo, Pirot and Sombor
Other projectsvBelgrade DH rehabilitation projectü Loan from EBRD + donation from SIDAü In total 20+2 Mil € for rehabilitation of DH in
BeogradvFeasibility Study for new CHP plant in Belgrade is
startedv Several small projects like EU/EAR EE Fund with
towns contribution (for 6 towns). Implementationof the projects: Serbian Energy Efficiency Agency
EAR DH rehabilitation project
n Donation of 3,8 mil € (per city) for equipment andwork will received Subotica, Pančevo, Čačak,Valjevo and Užice. Total amount around 22 mil €
n With this project will be covered:q Replacement of out-of-date boilers with newq Replacement of the pipelinesq Reconstruction with modernisation of the substations
including measuring of delivered heat energyq Monitoring and control of the process of production
and distribution of heat thermal energy byimplementation of PLC and SCADA systems.
District heating
KfW – I, II, III phase
Kragujevac
Nis
Novi Sad
BEOGRAD EBRD,KfW – I, II phase
KfW – III phase
Pancevo
Čačak
Užice
Subotica
EAR DH project
Valjevo
Kraljevo
Pirot
Sombor
DH in Energy Low
n Adopted on 01 August 2004.n Full responsibility and jurisdictions,
including tariff systems, are on localauthorities!
n Heat metering billings become aObligation
n Producers which use RES or waste,meeting requirements regarding energyefficiency
Priority for LA and DHC
vImproving the quality of the service and reducingthe costs
vImplementing tariff system that promote energysavings
vImproving the financial situation of Toplana`svSupporting low-income householdsvInstalling Heat Metering in substationsvAchieving cost covering tariffsvReleasing municipal budgets from direct payment
(investment) subsidies for DH
BELGRADE EXPERIENCEn Rehabilitation of the DH system in the Novi
Beograd area was implemented by KfW project.q 110.000 customersq 6.500.000 m2 of heating areaq 1.000 MJ/s connected load
n Production plant “Novi Beograd”q Modernisation of the thermal energy production process
control on 4 boilers, 116 MW eachq Central Hardware unit PLC S7-400 was installedq Whole process is managed by
Siemens SIPROCS-SCADAq Measuring of delivered heat on
all (6) main pipelines
Thermo-command roomMODERNISATION RESULTS
n More Secured processesn Significantly faster response
for all eventsn Reduced time in technical
production stopsn More system information for operator
Efficiency isincreased and
productioncosts are
reduced by 5%
PIPELINESn Replacement in total amount of 10 km of worn-
out classic main pipelines with preinsulated;diameter f 88-600 mm
n Replacement of 80 compensators f450 - f650
RESULTS: Losses in water (leaking) are reduced by100% in this area, e.g. 10% in NBGD area
Thermal SUBSTATIONS 1/2n Reconstruction and modernisation of 600
substations (with variable flow)q Flow regulation (“combo valve”)q Regulation of pressure and overflow valveq Ultrasonic measuring of the flow (heat meter)q Automatic cabinet with controlers
Thermal SUBSTAUIONS 2/2
n Basically, substation is operating with localregulation with controller S7-200 in the functionof the outdoor temperature
n Prefabrication of the substation was done in BEworkshops, with BE stuff; this provide that totalamount per substation (650kW) e.g. procurement,montage and installation are not excide 4000 €
BENEFIT: In period when out-door temperatureis higher then 5 oC (40% of heating period), needsfor delivered heat is reduced by 20%
Pilot PROJECTn Installing of the Heat Cost Allocators and
thermostatic radiator valves
Results:- Reduction in delivered energy 15%- Reduction in electrical energy 40% (variable flow pumps)
EBRD + SIDA Projectn Realisation in progressn This loan is used for rehabilitation of the heating area of
DUNAV, KONJARNIK and VOZDOVACq No of flats: 55.000q 800 MJ/s connected loadq Modernisation of the product. sourcesq Inst. big heat exchangerq Inst. of the econom.for boilersq Installing of DCS + BMSq Installing of the frequency
regulation on main circ. pumpsq Modernisation of 1600 substations
SIDA Donation
n Consultants services on realisation of theproject
n Modernisation of 85 substations in Zemunheating area
n Shutting-down of the local boiler station“Ivankovacka” (coal fired in the center of thetown) and connecting all buildings of theTechnical University Center to district heatingnetwork
Needs for investment
n It is obvious that thru all existing project wascovered only 10 cities
n Our estimation is that this 10 towns needaround 50 mil € for finalisation ofrehabilitation and modernisation of DHsystems
n Other 45 towns need at least 150 mil € in next10 years for rehabilitation of DH systems
n Such big amount of funds can not be providedby the IFI`s, but PPP will be necessaryapproaches for co-financing in DH rehabilitation
ABOUT COMPANY
PE “Beogradske elektrane”
1967
1965
1963
TO “Нови Београд”
At the begining…
About Companyn Established 03. jun 1965. with 315 MW installed
capacity at location of Novom Beogradun No of heating source 66n Capacity 2.600 MWn Pipeline trace 570 kmn Thermal substation 6235n No of connected flats 292.560n Bussiness consumers 8.200 objectsn Total heating area 19.478.942 m2n Employes 2400n Heating areas: Novi Beograd, Dunav, Voždovac,
Medaković, Cerak, Miljakovac, Borča, Banovo brdo,Zemun, Mirijevo, Konjarnik, Višnjička banja,Batajnica, Barajevo, Mladenovac.
RES & ENEFn Several project are on-goingn Using of geothermal water energy – Heat pump for
climatisation of our building in Konjarnikn Using of solar energy for preparing of domestic hot
water in area of Cerakn FS for 350MWe CHP –– Novi Beograd in progressn Using of solid biomass instead of coaln Saving primarly energy thry Modernisation and
automatisation of biggest production plant`s anddistribution systems with automatisation of thermalsubstation`s
n Introducing of measuring of energy and new tariff`ssystem
Contribution to ecologyn In last 30 years “Beogradske elektrane” shut down
1000 local boiler station`s – running on coal andHFO
n Existing customers are connected to large heatsources
n This is a great contribution to Belgrade Clean airn Due to technical reasons – it is not possible to shut
down alln We have to find best solution for them, acceptable
from economical and environmental side
Using of coaln In total fuel consumption coal is tacking around 1%, but in
total amount is around 10.000 t for one heating seasonn Projection for next five years is reduction to 5.000 t with
further shutting down of LBSn This amount of coal during the combustion realise
significant amount of pollutants in the air (sulphur oxides,nitrous oxide, soot…)
n Special problem is spreading out of small parts and coaldust in surrounding during the transport and delivering,possibility of selfconbustion during storaging, cleaning ofboiler from residues and ash, storaging and manipulationwith ash…
n Because of this, BE conduct a special test – running severalheat sources during last heating sesaon on biomass without any technical modification. BE IS PIONEER IN THISAREA - FIRST IN SERBIA RUN BIG PLANTS ONPELLETS AND/OR BRIQUETS
Choosing of Heat Sources
n With 5 different heating sources we “cover” all type'sof boilers for solid fuels, transport and dosing of fuel,controlling of combustion air witch making of resultsrepresentative.
n Types of boiler: block, casted, membransn Fuel transport: elevators, rolling with tapes, manualn Dosing of fuel: mechanical (snail or impuls) and
manualn Combustion air: forced by fan and natural circulationn Separation of solid parts in duct chanelsn Chosede heating plants:n Barajevo, Sremcica, Senjak, Bogoslovija and
Mirijevski bulevar
Practical workn High trained team and sertificated laboratory
was collecting all data with usual operatingwith coal
n Next day, from morning start, all proceduresand activites was repeated with bimass
n For science analysis, we also prepared mixtureof 25% and 50% of coal and biomass
n All test was finished within a month, andanother month for analysing of data andpreparing a Report
n Biomass used: PELLETS AND BRIQUETS
Boiler station ”BARAJEVO”TECHNICAL DATAn F Operatin since 1987n F Instaled capacity 7,675 МWn F Number of boilers 5n F Single boiler capacity 1,535 МWn F Boiler type REMAX-GAn F Boiler manufactured 1986/89n F Operating temperature 110/70 оСn F Consumers capacity 4,26 МWn F Heating area 35903 м2n F Sybstation type directn F Distributon system 110/70 оСn F House instalation regime 90/70 оС
Boler station“SENJAK”
Heat plant“SREMCICA”
Combustion of briquettesBoiler station:
“Mirijevski bulevar”, “Uralska”, “Bogoslovija”
Reality…n It is possible to operate in status “as it is”
BUT…n Real ecological effect's and maximum of
energy efficiency will be reached with completereconstruction and modernisation ofproduction plants
n For that, we need financial support, presentlynot available
IT IS TIME FOR DECISIONS!!!
THANK YOU FOR THE ATTENTION!VIELEN DANK FÜR IHRE
AUFMERKSAMKEIT!
PE “Beogradske elektrane”Petar Vasiljević, B.Sc.M.E.
p.vasiljevic@beoelektrane.co.yuRadmilo Savic, M.Sc.M.E.r.savic@beoelektrane.co.yu
Euroheat & PowerEnlarged Working Group Energy Policy
11 September 2008 - Budapest
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