Public Investment Policies in Marikina City, Philippines.ppt
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An Analysis of Public Investment
Policies in Marikina City,Philippines(1992-2010)
Bryan Joseph Ortiz
Far Eastern UniversityManila, Philippines
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The Philippines as a
patchwork state While several states in the East Asian
region are classified by scholars as
developmental states due to theirability to promote economic and socialtransformation, the Philippines often
regarded as a weak state (Hutchcroft,1998; Wade, 1990; McCoy, 1994)
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The Philippines as a
patchwork state Nonetheless, Abinales & Amoroso
(2005) affirm that the Philippine state
has islands of state strength.
For instance, the state does notsufficiently provide the necessary public
goods but there are cases of success.
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The Philippines as a
patchwork state There are Philippine local government
units (LGUs) that effectively
demonstrated the capacity to deliverpublic goodsOne of those LGUs isMarikina City.
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Some of Marikinas
accomplishments A road network of 700 km. A (relatively) litter and obstruction-free
sidewalks/footpaths Garbage collection efficiency of 98-100% Housing for 17,974 families (relocation mostly
within the city) A river free from encroachments (within the
96-meter easement from the riverscenterline)
5-minute response time for emergencies
Source: Marikina City Annual Report, various years
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Question How did the LGU of Marikina, as a local
state, successfully pursued and
implemented policies concerning thedelivery of public goods?
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Theory and Methodology Dietrich Rueschemeyer and Peter Evans
(1985, 1995) discussion on the states
efficacy in promoting economic and societaltransformation reinvigorates Max Weber (andother members of the German HistoricalSchool as well as early mercantilists idea)
that the stability and dynamism of moderncapitalism depend on the mediating orguiding role of the state.
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Theory and Methodology The theoretical framework is tested
through a historical methodology, one
of the basic foundations in the socialsciences (Rueschemeyer & Mahoney,2003)
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Marikina an agricultural town that became home to
shoe manufacturing and other industries.Rapid urbanization occurred in the latter halfof the 20th century (Isidro, 1991). Since then,problems like crime, slums/informalsettlements, unsanitary conditions,environmental degradation, unemploymentand the like had increased..
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..until Bayani Fernando (1992-2001)and Marides Fernando (2001-2010)
became Marikinas mayors.
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Causal mechanisms of Marikinas
effective delivery of public goods1. Competition between cities within the
Metropolitan Manila area as well as
other regional groupings promptedlocal state actors to implementbureaucratic reform.
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Causal mechanisms of Marikinas
effective delivery of public goods2. Market logic is used by the local state
to justify redistributive policies.
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Causal mechanisms of Marikinas
effective delivery of public goods3. Local state actors coherent action
through the apportionment of power
within the bureaucratic machinery isnecessary for successful delivery ofpublic goods.
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Causal mechanisms of Marikinas
effective delivery of public goods4. Through cooptation, local state actors
have the ability to craft policies
autonomously and coherently withrelative insulation to pressures fromsocial forces.
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Assessment of Marikinas
effective delivery of public goods The state in Marikina had a leading role
in solving collective action problems like
the delivery of public goods. Thebureaucratic reform enabled the localstate to approximate Webers elements
of an effective bureaucracy.
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Assessment of Marikinas
effective delivery of public goods
Results show that Marikina local statesties with social groups do not follow the
oft-repeated assertions on the need forparticipatory governance.
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Conclusion
Findings from this study not only affirmthe existence of islands of state
strength but also clearly confirm thepossibility of installing a developmentalstate (model) at the local level.
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Reference (Primary source)
Marikina City Annual Report (variousyears)
Bayani Fernandos State of the CityAddress (various years)
Marides Fernandos State of the City
Address (various years)
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Reference (Primary source)
Municipality of Marikina (n.d.) Program ofGovernment 1992-1997
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Reference
Abinales, Patricio & D. Amoroso. (2005)State and Society in the Philippines.
Pasig City: Anvil Publishing, Inc.Evans, Peter (1995). EmbeddedAutonomy. New Jersey: Princeton
University Press
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Reference
Fernando, Marides & E. Maliwat (2009)Urbanidad: Responsible Living,
Rewarding Life. Marikina City: ChurchStrengthening Ministry
Mariano, Len (1999) Squatter-Free
Marikina. Quezon City: LocalGovernment Academy
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Reference
Rueschemeyer, Dietrich & P. Evans (1985). TheState and Economic Transformation. Bringing
the State Back In. Eds. P. Evans, D.Rueschemeyer, & T. Skocpol. (pp. 45-77).Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
____________________& J. Mahoney (2003)
Comparative Historical Analysis in the SocialScienceCambridge: Cambridge UniversityPress
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Reference
Salvador, Alma (1997). Local budgeting: A Closed-DoorAffair. The Case of the Municipality of Marikina.Demystifying Local Power. Ed. L. Tumbaga. (pp. 29-
42) Quezon City: Ateneo Center for Social Policy andPublic Affairs
Tordecilla, Roberto (1997) Peoples Participation inCrafting Award-winning Local Government Programs:Local Planning in Marikina and Irosin. Demystifying
Local Power. Ed. L. Tumbaga. (pp. 5-28) QuezonCity: Ateneo Center for Social Policy and PublicAffairs
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Reference
Wade, Robert (1990) Governing the
Market. N.J.: Princeton University Press
Weiss, Linda (1998) The Myth of thePowerless State. New York: Cornell
University Press
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Reference (Internet)
Iglesias, Gabrielle & C. Yu (2008) FloodDisaster Mitigation and River
Rehabilitation by Marikina City,Philippines. Retrieved fromhttp://sheltercentre.org/sites/default/fil
es/ADPC_SaferCities22.pdf
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