Transcript
Production
Technology in Cowpea
Submitted to-
Dr. Parveen
Sharma
Cowpea/ Lobia
Both summer and rainy season crop
Grown for green pods, dry seeds and fodder
Seeds rich in protein (23-28%)
Called as vegetable meat
When cultivated for dry seeds, it is called asBlack eye pea
Kaffir pea
Southern pea
Green pods are calledCatjang bean
Asparagus bean
Yard long bean
Cultivation in India
Long thick podded and trailing types
Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and West Bengal
For Dry seeds
Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Madhya Pradesh
For short and thin pods (Pusa-Do-Fasali)
Punjab, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh
Five species of Vigna
Three cultivated types
V. unguiculata (Southern pea)
Commonly grown, Vine like straight growing stem, small seeds
V. unguiculata ssp. cylinderica (Catjang Bean)
Small poods (7-13cm), generally straight 5-6mm long kidney shaped seeds
V. unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis (Asparagus or yard long bean)
Vine like or climbing in habit, pods drooping, very long (30-90 cm)
Two wild types
• V. unguiculata ssp. dekindtiana
• V. unguiculata ssp. mensensis
Varieties
IIHR, Bangalore Sel-61-B
Sel-1552
Arka Garima
IARI New Delhi Pusa Do Fasali
Pusa Phalguni
Pusa Barsati
Pusa Komal
NDUTA, Faizabad Narendra Lobia-1
Selection-2-1,
Yard long bean,
Philippines Early,
Conti.
NBPGR, New Delhi
Pusa Rituraj,
PAU, Ludhiana
Cowpea-263,
Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, (W.B.)
Bidhan barbati-1,
Bidhan barbati-2
State-wise popular varieties of cowpea
state varieties
Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab and Bihar C152, Sf-68
Himachal Pradesh C152, Pusa-1, Sel-27
Haryana SF-68, Pusa Komal
Rajasthan JC-5, Jc-10
Uttar Pradesh Type-2, Pusa Barsati, Pusa Do Fasali
West Bengal 5269
Madhya Pradesh C-152, K-11, K-14
Maharashtra C-152, No.-2, 19-141
Orissa C-152, SF-68, SFB-2
Karnataka C-152, Sel-61-B-1, S-488, S-203
Tamil Nadu C-152, Co-1, Co-2, Pusa-3, Pusa Do Fasali
Climate and Soil
Warm season crop
Thrives best between 21-35 °C
Cannot tolerate cold weather and heavy rainfall
Well drained, humus rich sandy loam soils
pH 5.5-6.5
One deep ploughing followed by 2-3 light ploughingfollowed by planking to obtain fine tilth
Manure and Fertilizers
25-30 t/ha FYM or compost at the time of field preparation
Complete dose before sowing into the soil
N: 20-25 Kg/ha
P: 50-60 Kg/ha
K: 50-60 Kg/ha
Zinc sulphate: 15-20 Kg/ha (in deficient soils) is beneficial
Sowing time
In Plains
June July
February- March
Southern Plains
December- January
Tropical climate (Summer and winters not severe)
Throughout the year
In hills
April May
Seed rate and Sowing
Rainy season : 12-15 Kg/ha Spring season: 20-25 Kg/ha
Sowing should be done two days after irrigation
Drill the seed2-3cm deep45-60 cm Row to Row ( rainy season)25-30 cm Row to Row (summer season)10-15 cm Plant to Plant
Don’t irrigate the field till seed germinate
Irrigation
Shallow rooted crop
Require light and frequent irrigation
Irrigate at 4-5 days interval in summers
Avoid excess watering
No need to irrigate in rainy season (except long dry
spell)
Maintain enough moisture
At flowering
Pod formation
Inter-culture and Weed control
Keep field free from weeds for first 45 days
Two hoeings (after sowing)At 25 days
At 45 days
Chemical control
Pre-emergence applicationOxadiazon @ 0.5 Kg/ha
Alachor @ 1.5 Kg/ha
Nitrofen @ 3.0 Kg/ha
Maleic hydrazide at 50-200 ppm just before flowering helps in increasing the pod yield
Roughing
Before flowering
During flowering
All off types and diseased plants roughed out
Off types can be easily detected at pod maturity
Harvesting
For market crop
o Early varieties ready in 45 days
o Green and tender pods
o Harvest before pods become fibrous
o Frequent pickings at 2-3 days interval
o Green pod yield : 75-100 q/ha
Conti..
Seed crop
Matures in 75-125 days
Pods turns into straw colour
Entire plant is harvestedAllowed to dry in field
or
Heaped at one place in threshing floor for drying
Threshed by thresher or tramped and then winnowing all inert matter
Seed is spread on tarpaulin for drying till 10% moisture
Seed yield : 10-15 q/ha.
THANK YOU
top related