Transcript
What is anxiety and what is an anxiety disorder?
• Anxiety:: a state of physiological arousal associated with feelings of apprehension, worry or uneasiness that something is wrong or that something unpleasant is about to happen
• Anxiety Disorder:: used to describe a group of disorders that are characterised by chronic feelings of anxiety, distress, nervousness and apprehension or fear about the future, with a negative effect
What is a phobia and how does it differ from ordinary fear?
• A phobia is an excessive or unreasonable fear directed towards a particular object, situation or event that causes significant distress or interferes with everyday functioning.
• Fear and Phobias different in the individual’s ability to function in normal, day-to-day life
Specific Phobias
• A disorder characterised by significant anxiety provoked by exposure to a specific feared object or situation, often leading to avoidance behaviour
Psychodynamic and behavioural models
• According to Freud, a specific phobia, which he called anxiety hysteria, develops as a consequence of an unresolved Oedipal complex.
Cognitive models and biases
• focuses on how the individual processes information about the phobic stimulus and related events.
• A cognitive bias is a tendency to think in a way that involves errors of judgement and faulty decision-making. Essentially. A cognitive bias involves a ‘mistake in thinking’, which is why it is also sometimes referred to as a cognitive distortion
• Cognitive behavioural therapy, commonly referred to as CBT, combines cognitive and behavioural therapies to help people manage mental health problems and disorders
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