PHYSICAL CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTIC Properties. Physical Properties – describe a substance Chemical Properties – describe the “ability of a substance to.

PHYSICALCHEMICAL

CHARACTERISTIC

Properties

Properties

Physical Properties – describe a substanceChemical Properties – describe the “ability of

a substance to change into something newCharacteristic properties – are physical or

chemical properties that are unique to a particular substance. They can be used to identify the substance.

Physical properties - describe

ColorOdorTextureMassVolume DensityViscosityBoiling pointMelting PointFreezing Point

HardnessLuster - ShinyMalleability – can be

shapedDuctility – can be

made into wireConductivity –

conducts heat or electricity

Solubility Magnetism

Chemical Properties

Ability to sourAbility to decomposeAbility to explodeAbility to burnAbility to react Ability to thermally decomposeAbility to rust**** ability to grow****

Characteristic properties

Physical or chemical properties that are specific to a particular PURE substance or group of PURE substances

These are used to help identify unknown substances

These are most often quantitative

Physical Characteristic Properties

Density – the amount of matter in a substanceMagnetism – force of attraction to a magnetSolubility – ability of a substance to dissolve

in another substanceMelting Point – temperature that a solid

changes to a liquidBoiling Point – temperature that a liquid

changes to a gasFreezing Point – temperature that a liquid

changes to a solid

Density – amount of matter in a given volume

Magnetism – difficult to calculate – usually compared to another magnetic or non-magnetic substance

Solubility – the amount of a substance that can dissolve in 100 g of water at a given temperature

Melting Point – temperature that a substance changes from a solid to a liquid

Boiling Point – temperature that a substance changes from a liquid to a gas

Freezing Point – temperature that a substance changes from a liquid to a solid

The ability of a substance to ….

Examples:

React with another substance to produce a specific result

Produce a specific color change

Burn in the presence of a flammable gas

Create a popping sound or “explosion”

Cobalt chloride turns from pink to blue when there is water present

A glowing splint bursts into flames when there is Oxygen present

A flaming splint produces a popping sound in the presence of Hydrogen

Chemical Characteristic Properties

Identifying groups of chemicals with characteristic properties

Acids

Bases

Alkali metals

Conduct electricity and and turn blue litmus paper red

Conduct Electricity and turn red litmus paper blue

Soft, low melting points

If you are identifying Unknown Substances

You must have at least two characteristic properties AND various other physical and chemical properties in order to identify an unknown substance.