Peta minda sains
Post on 23-Jun-2015
1742 Views
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
Transcript
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 1 -
SK Permatang Tok Mahat 14300 Nibong Tebal, SPS,
Pulau Pinang
Name : Class :
Teacher : En. Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria
Mind Maps Mind Maps Mind Maps Mind Maps
ScienceScienceScienceScience----018 018 018 018
UPSR 2010UPSR 2010UPSR 2010UPSR 2010
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 2 -
MENYIASAT ALAM KEHIDUPANMENYIASAT ALAM KEHIDUPANMENYIASAT ALAM KEHIDUPANMENYIASAT ALAM KEHIDUPAN
Year 4
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 3 -
Basic Needs of Human
Keperluan Asas Manusia
Food / Makanan
Air / Udara
Give energy / Beri tenaga
Grow / Membesar
Stay healthy / Sihat
1.1 Understanding that humans have basic needs Memahami bahawa manusia mempunyai keperluan asas
Water / Air
Drinks / Minuman
Grow / Membesar
Stay healthy / Sihat
Shelter / Tempat perlindungan
To protect from Untuk melindungi daripada - danger / bahaya - extreme weather / cuaca melampau
-sun & rain / matahari dan hujan
To breathe / Bernafas
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 4 -
Basic Needs of Animals Keperluan Asas Haiwan
Food / Makanan
Shelter / Tempat Perlindungan
Air / Udara
Water / Air
To breathe / Bernafas
To protect from Untuk melindungi daripada - danger / bahaya - extreme weather / cuaca melampau - sun & rain / matahari dan hujan
Give energy / Beri tenaga
Grow / Bertumbuh @ Membesar
Stay healthy / Sihat
Drinks / Minuman
Grow / Bertumbuh @ Membesar Stay healthy / Sihat
1.2 Understanding that animals have basic needs Memahami bahawa manusia mempunyai keperluan asas
Types / Jenis : - holes / lubang - cave / gua - nest / sarang
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 5 -
Plants Have Basic Needs Tumbuhan Mempunyai Keperluan Asas
Air / Udara
Sunlight / Cahaya matahari
Water / Air
With water / Ada air : - grow healthy / tumbuh dengan sihat - grow well / tumbuh dengan baik - not wilted / tidak layu
Without water / Tanpa air: - wilted / layu - turn yellow / menjadi kuning - die / mati
1.3 Understanding that plants have basic needs Memahami bahawa tumbuhan mempunyai keperluan asas
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 6 -
2.1 Analysing life processes in humans Analisa proses hidup manusia
Life Processes of Humans
Proses Hidup Dilalui Manusia
Respond To Stimuli
Bergerak balas Terhadap
Ransangan
Breathing Pernafasan
Reproduce Membiak
Organs Organ
Inhale – take in air Tarik nafas – ambil udara
Exhale – give out air Hembus nafas- keluarkan udara
Nose/Mouth Wind-pipe Lungs Hidung/Mulut Trakea Paru-paru
A process to produce their young or offspring Proses untuk menghasilkan anak
Rate of breath Kadar pernafasan
Number of chest movement in a period of time Bilangan pergerakan dada dalam sesuatu masa
Organs Organ
Eyes – Sight Mata - Melihat
Nose – Smell Hidung - Menghidu
Tongue – Taste Lidah - Merasa
Ears – Sound Telinga - Mendengar bunyi Skin – Touch Kulit - Sentuhan
Excrete Berkumuh
Defecate Bernyahtinja
Kidney ( urine + mineral salt )
Ginjal ( air kencing + garam mineral )
Faeces Najis
Purpose / Tujuan : - avoid danger elak bahaya - avoid getting hurt elak dapat luka - avoid getting injured elak dapat cedera - to survive untuk terus hidup
Lungs ( Carbon dioxide + water vapour ) Paru-paru ( Karbon dioksida + wap air )
Skin ( Sweat + mineral salt ) Kulit ( peluh + garam mineral )
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 7 -
2.2 Being aware that certain behaviour can disturb life processes Menyedari bahawa sesetengah perlakuan mengganggu proses hidup
Smoking / Merokok
Drinking Alcohol / Minum Alkohol
Effects / Kesan - Lung cancer Kanser paru-paru - Coughing Batuk
Effects / Kesan - Delay respond to stimuli Lambatkan ransangan terhadap ransangan
- Lose ability to walk in straight line
Hilang keupayaan berjalan dengan lurus - Can cause accidents Menyebabkan kemalangan
How to avoid / Bagaimana untuk hindari
Participate in a campaign Ambil bahagian dalam kempen
Advise from their peers Nasihat daripada rakan sebaya
Occupied time with beneficial activities Memenuhi masa dengan aktiviti berfaedah
Behaviour That Can Disturb Life Processes Perlakuan yang boleh mengganggu proses hidup
Taking Drug / Mengambil Dadah
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 8 -
2.3 Analysing the life processes in animals
Analisa proses hidup haiwan
Animals Life Processes/Proses Hidup Haiwan
Breathing / Bernafas
Excrete / Perkumuhan
Reproduce / Membiak
Lay Eggs / Bertelur
Give Birth / Lahirkan anak Organs /
Organ
Lungs/ Paru-paru - monkey monyet - bird burung - whale paus
Gills/Insang - fish ikan - prawn udang
Lungs-book - crab ketam
Moist skin/Kulit lembap - frog katak - earthworm cacing tanah
Trachea Structre/Sistem Trakea - insects serangga
Defecate / Bernyahtinja
To get rid of waste product from their bodies
Untuk menyingkirkan bahan buangan dari badan
cat kucing tiger harimau bat kelawar whale paus
butterfly rama-rama
bird burung
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 9 -
Life processes
plants undergo
Proses hidup tumbuhan
plants respond to stimuli. water, sunlight, touch, gravity. tumbuhan bergerak balas terhadap ransangan air,cahaya matahari,sentuhan,graviti
2.4 Understanding the life processes in plants
Memahami proses hidup tumbuhan
the part of plant that responds to gravity. bahagian pokok yang bertindak balas terhadap graviti roots akar
the part of plant that responds to water bahagian pokok yang bertindak balas terhadap ransangan
the part of plant that responds to sunlight. bahagian pokok yang bertindak balas terhadap cahaya matahari
Permul Akhir
plants reproduce. tumbuhan membiak
Seeds – balsam, corn, durian Biji benih-keembung, jagung,durian
various ways plants reproduce through7seeds, spores, suckers, stem cutting, leaves, underground stem. berbagai cara tumbuhan membiak melalui4.bji benih, spora, anak pokok,keratan batang, daun, batang bawah tanah
the part of plant that responds to touch. bahagian pokok yang bertindak balas terhadap sentuhan
why plants need to reproduce to ensure the survival of the species. mengapa tumbuhan perlu membiak
untuk memastikan kemandirian spesisnya
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 10 -
Specific characteristics and behaviour Sifat-sifat dan tingkah laku khas
Sharp claws ( tiger, cat ) Kuku tajam ( harimau, kucing )
Thick and hard skin ( rhinoceros )
Kulit tebal dan keras ( badak sumbu )
Spines ( porcupine ) Berduri ( landak )
Hard scales ( pangolin, crocodiles )
Sisik keras ( tenggiling,buaya )
Hard shell ( tortoise, snails ) Cengkerang keras ( kura-kura,
Horns ( buffalo, seladang ) Tanduk ( kerbau, seladang )
Pretend to be dead ( beetle, ) Berpura-pura mati ( kumbang )
Camouflage ( cameleon ) Menyamar ( sumpah-sumpah )
Poisonous sting or fang ( centipede, snake )
Sengat atau taring berbisa ( kala jengking, ular )
Spray black ink ( squid ) Mengeluarkan dakwat hitam
( sotong )
Special characteristics Ciri-ciri khas
Special behaviour Tingkah-laku khas
3.1 Understanding that animals have specific characteristics and behaviour to protect themselves from danger Memahami bahawa haiwan mempunyai ciri dan perlakuan khas untuk melindungi diri mereka daripada bahaya
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 11 -
Specific characteristics and behavior Sifat-sifat dan tingkah laku khas
Hot weather Cuaca panas
Cold weather Cuaca sejuk
Wrinkled Skin (Elephant ,hippopotamuses
and buffaloes) Kulit berkedut
(Gajah. badak sumbu, kerbau)
Wallowing (Elephant, hippopotamuses
and buffaloes) Berkubang
(Gajah, badak sumbu, kerbau)
Humps (Camel) Bonggol (Unta)
Thick Fur (Polar bears) Berbulu tebal
(Beruang kutub)
Fat Layers Under The Skins (Penguins, seals, and whales) Lapisan lemak di bawah kulit
(Penguin, anjng laut, ikan paus)
Small Ears (Seals and Walruses)
Telinga kecil (Anjing laut, singa laut)
Hibernate (Polar bears) Berhibenasi
(Beruang kutub)
3.2/3.3 Understanding that animals have specific characteristics and behaviour to protect themselves from extreme weather Memahami bahawa haiwan mempunyai sifat-sifat dan tingkah laku khas untuk
melindungi diri daripada cuaca melampau
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 12 -
The specific characteristics
Sifat-sifat khas
Have thorns Berduri
Poisonous Beracun
Have fine hairs Berbulu halus
Produces latex Keluarkan getah
Close leaflets when touch Daun tertutup bila disentuh
3.4 Understanding that plants have specific characteristics to protect themselves from enemies
Memahami bahawa tumbuhan mempunyai ciri-ciri khas untuk melindungi diri
mereka daripada musuh
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 13 -
strong wind angin kuat
dry region kawasan kering
Eg : cactus kaktus
• Long roots to absorb water Akar panjang untuk serap air
• Succulent stem can store water
Batang menyimpan air
• Thorn can can prevent the excessive loss of water
Duri yang mencegah kehilangan banyak air
. Eg: Coconut tree, bamboo tree, pokok kelapa, pokok buluh
a. Have stems that bend easily Batang yang mudah bengkok b. Have buttress roots Akar banir c. Have separated leaves Daun berbilah-bilah d. Needle- shaped leaves Daun berbentuk jarum
Specific characteristics of plants to protect themselves
Sifat-sifat khas tumbuhan untuk melindungi diri
3.5 Understanding that plants have specific characteristics to protect themselves f rom dry region and strong wind Memahami bahawa tumbuhan mempunyai ciri-ciri khas untuk melindungi diri mereka daripada kawasan kering dan angin kuat
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 14 -
The Basic Needs of Human and Animals
Keperluan Asas Manusia dan Haiwan
One evening, when Cik Ti crawled out from its shelter to search
for food, the day started to rain heavily. Cik Ti immediately crawled back to the shelter,
a hole near a woody house. Cik Ti was tired. She also felt hungry. She tried to find
some food but there was no food left in the hole. “ Oh no… I will die without food.”
Said Cik Ti frustrated. Cil Ti moved into the kitchen in that woody house. “ Arghh…… I
am hungry!. Cik Ti screamed. “Wow, cheese…. Emmm…. Delicious.” After she had her
food, she was thirsty. She saw a cup of water on the table. Cik Ti drank the water. Tap!
Tap! Tap! Without her knowing, Mamat was ready to trap her into a plastic bag. He
tighten the bag tightly. Help! Help! I can’t breath…… where is the air.” Shouted Cik Ti
….. Her voice slow down time by time. Lastly Cik Ti dead without air…..
Suatu petang ketika Cik Ti merangkak di luar rumahnya untuk mencari makanan, tiba-tiba hujan turun dengan lebatnya. Cik Ti bergerak pantas kembali semula ke kediamannya, sebuah lubang di tepi sebuah rumah kayu. Cik Ti penat. Dia mula rasa lapar. Cik Ti cuba mencari makanan tetapi dia tidak menemuinya di lubang itu. “Matilah aku kalau tak ada makanan.” rungut Cik Ti . Cik Ti terus ke dapur rumah itu. “Arghh….. laparnya.” Tiba-tiba Cik Ti menjerit, “wow, keju….. emmm… sedapnya.” Selepas makan Cik Ti terasa dahaga. Dia ternampak secawan air di atas meja tersebut. Cik Ti minum air tersebut dengan gelojohnya. Tap! Tap! Tap! Tanpa disedarinya Mamat telah bersedia untuk menangkap Cik Ti. Cik Ti terperangkap. Mamat memasukkan Cik Ti ke dalam sebuah beg plastic dan mengikat beg itu dengan kuatnya. “ Tolong! Tolong! Aku tak boleh bernafas….. mana udara ni.” Jerit Cik Ti….. Suaranya semakin perlahan...... akhirnya Cik Ti mati tanpa udara.....
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 15 -
What Plants eed to Stay Healthy?
Thank you for giving me enough water. I
can use it to make my food.
Terima kasih kerana memberikan saya air
yang cukup. Saya akan gunakannya untk
membuat makanan.
Oh, it is my pleasure. Hope you grow
healthy soon.
Oh , itu sudah tanggungjawab saya.
Harap awak akan hidup subur kelak.
Thank you for placing me to the
direct sunlight. Now I get enough
light. I can use it to make my food.
Terima kasih kerana meletakkan saya
di bawah cahaya matahari. Kini
saya telah mendapat cahaya yang
mencukupi. Saya boleh gunakkanya
untuk membuat makanan.
Oh, it is my pleasure. Hope you
can grow healthy soon .
Oh , itu sudah tanggungjawab
saya. Harap awak akan hidup
subur kelak.
Thank you for giving me enough
fertilizer. Now I can get enough
mineral. I can use it to make my
food.
Terima kasih kerana memberikan
saya cukup baja. Kini saya telah
mendapat baja yang mencukupi.
Saya boleh gunakkanya untuk
membuat makanan.
Oh, it is my pleasure. Hope you
can grow healthy soon .
Oh , itu sudah tanggungjawab
saya. Harap awak akan hidup
subur kelak.
Emmm… I feel fresh. I can breath
smoothly. Thank you. Now I can get
enough air. I can use it to make my
food.
Emmm....saya rasa segar. Terima
kasih. Kini saya telah mendapat
udara yang mencukupi. Saya boleh
gunakkanya untuk membuat
makanan.
Oh, it is my pleasure. Hope you
can grow healthy soon .
Oh , itu sudah tanggungjawab
saya. Harap awak akan hidup
subur kelak.
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 16 -
EXCRETION PROCESS
PROSES PERKUMUHAN
No.
Bil
Organs Diagram
Gambarajah Organ
Waste Products
Bahan Buangan
1. Kidney / Buah Pinggang
Urine + water vapour
Air Kencing + wap air
2.
Lungs/ Paru-Paru
Carbon Dioxide + water
Vapour
Karbon dioksida + wap air
3.
Skin/Kulit
Sweat + Water Vapour +
Mineral salt
Peluh + wap air + garam
mineral
Ureter
Kidney
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 17 -
Plants Respond To Stimuli Tumbuhan bergerakbalas terhadap ransangan
(Pussy Cat Song)
Oh Fresh Roots, Oh Fresh Roots what are you see?
I want to go down to meet my gravity.
Oh Fresh Roots, Oh Fresh Roots why are you here?
I’m going down to the soil to absorb water.
Oh green shoot, Oh green Shoot what make you bright? I can go up to search for sunlight.
The roots respond to water.
Akar bergerakbalas terhadap
air.
The shoot responds to sunlight
Pucuk bergerakbalas terhadap cahaya matahari..
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 18 -
The Breathing Structure of Animals
Gill
Insang
Trachea Structure
Struktur Trakea
Windpipe
Salur Trakea
Nose
Hidung
Lung
Paru-paru
Moist Skin
Kulit Lembab
Lung
Paru-paru
Trachea Structure
Struktur Trakea
Nose Wind Pipe Lungs
Hidung Trakea Paru-paru
Air Passage
Peredaran Udara
Lung
Paru-paru
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 19 -
Animal Defense From extreme weather
How I Survived –
Long Ears – Desert Fox
Small Ears – Cold Region
Animals
Thick Fat In Tails – Kangaroo Rats
Rest – Desert Animals
Wallowing In Mud -
Rhinoceroses
Thick Layers Of Fat –
Penguins
Thick Furs - Polar
Hump - Camels
Penguin
Kangaroo Rat Camel
Unit 3/Lesoon 2
Living in Extreme Danger
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 20 -
MENYIASAT ALAM KEHIDUPANMENYIASAT ALAM KEHIDUPANMENYIASAT ALAM KEHIDUPANMENYIASAT ALAM KEHIDUPAN
Year 5
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 21 -
1.1 Understanding that microorganism is a living things
Memahami mikroorganisma adalah benda hidup
Microorganism Mikroorganisma
Bacteria Bakteria
Fungi Kulat
Protozua Protozoa
Virus Virus
Cannot see with naked eyes
Tidak boleh dilihat dengan mata kasar
Grow Membesar
Move Bergerak
Breathe Bernafas
Characteristics Ciri.Ciri
Cause the dough rise Menyebabkan adunan tepung menaik.
• Rotten oranges/ limau busuk • Mouldy rice / Nasi berkulat
Tiny Halus
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 22 -
1.2 Understanding that some microorganism are harmful and some are useful
Memahami beberapa mikroorganisma yang berbahaya dan berguna
Some Organisms Are Harmful And Some Are Useful
Beberapa mikoorganisma yang berbahaya dan berguna
Useful / berguna Harmful / Berbahaya
Can cause Boleh
Illness Sakit
Food Poisoning Keracunan makanan
Food Stale
Makanan basi
Tooth Decay Gigi mereput
Prevention Cara mencegah
Disease Penyakit
Stomach upset Sakit perut
Cough batuk
Tooth decay Gigi mereput
Conjunctivity Sakit mata
Washing hand Membasuh tangan
Drink boiled water Minum air yang dimasak
-Making food/ buat makanan (bread/tapai/tempe/yogurt) ( roti,tapai,tempe, yogurt ) -Making fertilizer/ baja -Making medcine/ ubat
Covering mouth & nose when coughing & sneezing Menutup mulut dan hidung apabila batuk dan bersin
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 23 -
Survival of Animal Species
Kemandirian Spesies Haiwan
Examples animals that take care of their eggs and young. Contoh haiwan yang menjaga telur dan anak.
HOW ANIMALS TAKE CARE OF THEIR EGGS AND YOUNG.
Bagaimana haiwan menjaga telur dan anak mereka .
Why animals take care of their eggs and young. Mengapa haiwan melindungi telur dan anaknya
Bird - Eggs with shell covering Burung – Telur disaluti oleh cangkerang Frog - Eggs are thick, slimy and having bad smell Katak – Telur tebal,berlendir dan berbau busuk Spider - kept in a bag underneath its body Labah-labah –simpan dalam beg di bawah badan Fish - keep their young in their mouths Ikan - Memasukkan anaknya ke dalam mulut Snake, Tiger - attack in order to protect their eggs Ular,harimau – menyerang untuk menyelamatkan telur Turtle - hide their eggs Penyu – Menyembunyikan telurnya Kangaroo - carry their young in their pouches Kanggaroo – Membawa anaknya di dalam kantung Elephant - stay in herds Gajah - Tinggal dalam kumpulan
Importance
Kepentingan
Shortage of food resource Sumber makanan berkurangan
Animals and plants species may face extinction. Spesis haiwan dan tumbuhan akan mengalami kepupusan.
bird, spider, fish,snake, burung,labah-labah,ikan,ular turtle, kangroo, elephant penyu,kanggaro,gajah
To ensure the survival of their species Memastikan kemandirian spesisnya.
2.1 Understanding that different animals have their own ways to ensure the survival of their species
Memahami bahawa haiwan berlainan mempunyai cara sendiri untuk memastikan kemandirian spesisnya
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 24 -
Survival of Plant Species
Kemandirian spesies
tumbuhan
Water Air
Explosive mechanism Mekanisme
letupan
Wind Angin
Animal haiwan
• Light / Ringan • Air Space in the fruits Ruang udara di dalam buah
• Not water absorbent Air tidak boleh diserap
• Light / Ringan • Small in size / saiz kecil • Winged / berkepak
• Dry when ripe Kering apabila masak • Explodes when mature Meletup apabila matang
♣ Brightly coloured Warna yang terang
♣ Edible / Boleh dimakan
♣ Have smells / berbau
♣ Have hook bercangkuk
• Coconut / kelapa • Water Lily / Kiambang
• Shorea • Angsana • Lalang
• Rubber fruit / buah getah • Balsam fruit / keembong • Lady’s finger/ kacang bendi
• Rambutan • Mango/ mangga • Love grass / kemuncup
Agents of dispersal
Agen
Special characteristic
Ciri-ciri
Examples Contoh
2.2 Understanding that different plants have their own ways to ensure the survival of their species
Memahami bahawa tumbuhan berlainan mempunyai cara sendiri untuk
memastikan kemandirian spesisnya
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 25 -
Food Chain Rantai Makanan Animals and the
food they eat Haiwan dan
makanannya
Classify animals Pengkelasan
haiwan
Producer Pengeluar
Consumer Pengguna
Construct food chain Membina rantai makanan
Green plant obtain energy from
the sun to make food. Green
Plant as a producer Tumbuhan hijau
Memerlukan tenaga daripada Matahari
untuk membuat makanan. Tumbuhan
adalah pengeluar
Herbivore : Animals that eat plants
only. e.g.: cow, goat, deer
Herbivor Haiwan makan
tumbuhan sahaja Cth:
lembu,kambing,rusa
Carnivore: Animals that eat other
animals. e.g.: tiger, lion
Karnivor Haiwan yang makan
haiwan lain Cth : harimau,singa
Omnivore: Animals that eat plants
and other animals Omnivor
Haiwan makan tumbuhan dan
haiwan lain.
The food relationship
among living things
can be shown by a food chain.
Hubungan antara makanan
dan benda hidup ditunjukkan
melalui rantai makanan
To construct food chain It must start
with plant as a producer.
Untuk membina rantai makanan ia bermula daripada tumbuhan sebagai
pengeluar.
In a food chain the arrow means ‘eaten by’
Dalam rantai makanan anak
panah bermaksud dimakan oleh
All living things need food to
survive.Green plant can make their own
food. However animals cannot make their own make their own
food. Semua benda
hidup perlu makanan untuk
hidup. Tumbuhan hijau
boleh membuat makanan
sendiri.
3.1 Understanding food chains Memahami rantai makanan
Animals that eat plant or other animals
are called consumers.
Haiwan yang makan
tumbuhan dipanggil
pengguna.
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 26 -
Synthesizing food chains to construct food web.
Sintesis siratan makanan untuk membentuk rantai makanan
Food web Siratan makanan
What will happen If there is a change in population of a certain species in a food web Apa akan berlaku jika terdapat perubahan spesies dalam rantai makanan
Food web of different habitats Siratan makanan daripada berlainan habitat.
What will happento a certain species of animals if they eat only one type of food? Apa akan berlaku sebahagian spesis haiwan makan hanya satu jenis makanan sahaja?
A change in the population of a certain species will effect the population of other species Perubahan populasi beberapa haiwan memberi kesan kepada populasi haiwan lain.
They will face difficulty to survive if the source of food runs out Mereka akan mengalami kesukaran jika sumber makanan kehabisan.
3.2 Synthesizing food chains to construct food web. Sintesis siratan makanan untuk membentuk rantai makanan
Paddy field
Sawah padi
paddy plant tanaman padi
caterpillar ulat beluncas
birds burung eagles
helang
snakes ular
mice tikus
grasshoppers belalang
frogs katak
Garden
Taman
spinach bayam
grasshopper belalang
frog katak
bird burung
caterpillar ulat beluncas
eagle helang
snail siput
snake ular
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 27 -
MICROORGANISMS MIKROORGANISMA
One day, while reading a book, Ali comes across one word. The word is “microorganisms”. He doesn’t understand what it is and he ask his mother immediately. (Suatu hari, semasa Ali sedang membaca buku, dia terbaca satu perkataan.
Perkataan itu ialah “mikroorganisma”. Dia tidak faham dan terus bertanya kepada ibunya.)
Ali : Mother, what is a microorganism? (Ibu, apa itu mikro organisma?)
Mother : Microorganism is tiny living things that can only be seen through a microscope. There are four types of
microorganisms. (Mikro organisma adalah benda hidup yang sangat halus dan hanya boleh
dilihat melalui mikroskop. Terdapat empat jenis mikro organisma.)
Ali : What are those? (Apa itu?)
Mother : Bacteria, Protozoa, Fungi and Virus.
(Bakteria, Protozoa, Fungus dan Virus.)
Ali : What picture is that, mother? (Gambar apa tu, ibu?)
Mother : It is Bacteria. It exists in different shapes, sizes and colours. (Itu ialah Bakteria. Ia wujud dalam berlainan bentu, saiz dan warna.)
Ali : That picture is77 (Gambar itu44)
Mother : It is Protozoa. Most of it are found mainly in ponds, lakes and rivers. (Itu ialah Protozoa. Kebanyakkan daripadanya dijumpai di kolam, tasik dan
sungai.)
Ali : That must be Fungi. Right, mother? (Itu pasti fungus. Betul tak, ibu?)
Mother : Yes, it is. I know you have seen it many time on mouldy bread, rotten food, trees and forest floors. (Ya. Ibu tahu kamu selalu lihatnya di atas roti yang berkulat, buah yang reput,
pokok-pokok dan lantai hutan.)
Ali : And this picture, mother? (Dan gambar itu, ibu?)
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 28 -
Mother : It is a virus. Virus is the tiniest microorganism. (Itu ialah Virus. Virus ialah mikro organisma yang paling
halus.) Ali : Wow, that’s interesting. Tell me more, mother. (Wow, menariknya. Ceritalah lagi ibu.)
Mother : Okay. Yeast is an example of microorganisms. Since Microorganism is a living things, it can breathe, grow and move.
(Okay. Yis ialah satu contoh mikro organisma. Memandangkan mikro organisma
adalah benda hidup, ia boleh bernafas, membesar dan bergerak.)
Ali : Thank you, mother. (Terima kasih, ibu.)
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 29 -
HARMFUL Keburukan
Form fertilizer Membuat baja
Produce antibiotic Menghasilkan antibiotic
Chicken pox Campak
Mumps Beguk Measles
Cacar
Conjunctivitis Sakit mata
Tooth decay Kerosakan gigi
Flu Selsema
Food poisoning Keracunan makanan
Making tempe Membuat tempe
Making cheese Membuat keju
USEFUL KEBAIKAN
Making tapai Membuat tapai
Making yogurt Membuat yogurt
THE USEFUL AND THE HARMFUL OF MICROORGANISMS KEBAIKAN DAN KEBURUKAN MIKROORGANISMA
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 30 -
We take care of our eggs Kami menjaga telur kami
We take care of our youngs Kami menjaga anak kami
Frog Katak
Penguin Penguin
Bird Burung
Sea horse Kuda laut
Snake Ular
Cockroach Lipas
Crocodile Buaya
Bat Kelawar
Dolphin Ikan lumba
Cow Lembu
Elephant Gajah
Tiger Harimau
Kangaroo Kangaroo
ANIMAL SURVIVAL KEMANDIRIAN HAIWAN
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 31 -
AGENT AGEN
EXAMPLE CONTOH
CHARACTERISTICS CIRI-CIRI
Lotus Teratai
Coconut Kelapa
Pong-pong Pong-pong
We dispersed by water because we are light, covered with waxy skin, waterproof, has air spaces and has spongy receptacles. Kami dipencarkan melalui air kerana kami ringan, diselaputi dengan kulit yang berlilin, kalis air dan mempunyai rongga yang berspan.
Shorea Meranti
Lallang Lallang
Angsana Angsana
Cotton Kapas
We dispersed by wind because we are small, light, dry, have wing-like structure, have hairs and fine hairs. Therefore it is easily carried by wind. Kami dipercarkan melalui angina kerena kami kecil, ringan, kering, mempunyai struktur seperti sayap, ada bulu yang halus. Sebeb itu kami senang dibawa pergi oleh angin.
PLANT SURVIVAL KEMANDIRIAN TUMBUHAN
WATER AIR
WIND ANGIN
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 32 -
Mangga Mango
Watermelon Tembikai
Mimosa Semalu
Lovegrass Kemucup
We dispersed by animal because we have brightly colour, fleshy, edible and have smells. Our seed is also hard. Kami dipencarkan oleh haiwan kerana kami mempunyai warna yang terang, berisi, boleh dimakan dan mempunyai bau. Biji benih kami juga keras.
We are also dispersed by animal because have hooks that can be attached to animals. Kami juga dipencarkan oelah haiwan kerana kami mempunyai cangkuk yang boleh melekat kepada haiwan
Flame of forest
Semarak api
Balsam Keembung
Okra Bendi
Rubber seed
Biji getah
We dispersed by explosive mechanism because we dry up when we ripe and burst to push the seeds out from the fruits. Kami dipencarkan melalui mekanisma letupan kerana buah kami menjadi kering apabila masak ranum dan seterusnya meletup dan biji benih kami terpelanting keluar.
ANIMAL HAIWAN
Explosive Mechanism
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 33 -
deer rusa
herbivores herbivor
rabbits arnab
carnivores karnivor
Animals such as deer and rabbits get their energy by eating plants. They are called herbivores, which means 'plant eaters.' There are many more herbivores on our planet than carnivores, which are animals that eat meat. Haiwan seperti rusa dan arnab mendapat tenaga dengan memakan tumbuh-tumbuhan. Mereka dikenali sebagai herbivor, yang bermaksud ‘makan tumbuhan.’ Terdapat banyak herbivor daripada karnivor iaitu haiwan yang makan daging di planet kita
predators pemangsa
hunt memburu
prey mangsa
top atas
lions singa
Predators such as wolves and lions are at the top of the food chain. Predators are animals that hunt other animals. The animals that they hunt are called prey. Some animals are both predator and prey. Pemangsa seperti serigala dan singa adalah di bahagian atas rantai makanan. Pemangsa adalah haiwan yang memburu haiwan lain. Haiwan yang diburu dikenali sebagai mangsa. Sesetengah haiwan adalah kedua-duanya; pemangsa dan mangsa.
connected berhubung
energy tenaga
web jaringan
more lebih
Most animals belong to more than one food chain, which means many food chains are connected together. Many food chains together form a food web. The food web shows how the sun's energy moves from plants to animals to animals. Kebanyakan haiwan mempunyai lebih daripada satu rantai makanan, iaitu banyak rantai makanan dihubung bersama. Rantai makanan berhubung bersama membentuk jaringan makanan. Jaringan makanan menunjukkan bagaimana matahari memindahkan tenaganya kepada tumbuhan dan seterusnya daripada tumbuhan kepada haiwan.
bottom bawah
trees pokok
sun matahari
grass rumput
chain rantai
Plants such as grass and trees are at the bottom of the food chain. Plants get their energy from the sun. Tumbuhan seperti rumput dan pokok adalah di bahagian bawah rantai makanan. Tumbuhan mendapat tenaga daripada matahari.
FOOD CHAIN AND FOOD WEB RANTAI MAKANAN DAN JARINGAN MAKANAN
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 34 -
MENYIASAT ALAM KEHIDUPANMENYIASAT ALAM KEHIDUPANMENYIASAT ALAM KEHIDUPANMENYIASAT ALAM KEHIDUPAN
Year 6
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 35 -
Group Berkumpulan
Solitary Bersendirian
Ants, lions Semut, singa
Tigers, bears Harimau, beruang
To avoid competition for food and space Untuk hindari persaingan mendapatkan
makanan dan ruang
For safety and food Untuk keselamatan dan makanan
Group animals and solitary animals Haiwan berkumpulan dan haiwan
1.1 Understanding that some animals live in group and others live in solitary Memahami bahawa sesetengah haiwan hidup berkumpulan dan selebihnya bersendirian
Interaction among living things Interaksi antara benda hidup
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 36 -
Compete for Bersaing untuk
Among animals Antara haiwan
Among plants Antara tumbuhan
INTERACTION AMONG LIVING THINGS Interaksi antara benda hidup
Competition Persaingan
Food Makanan
Water Air
Mate Pasangan
Shelter Tempat
Space / territory Ruang / kawasan
Compete for Bersaing untuk
Sunlight Cahaya
Water Air
Space Ruang
Mineral Mineral
Intraspecies Intraspesis
Interspecies Interpesis
Competition between the same species
Persaingan di antara spesis yang sama
Competition between the different species
Persaingan di antara spesis yang berbeza
Type Jenis
1.2 Understanding that competition is a form of interaction among living things
Memahami bahawa persaingan membentuk interaksi antara benda hidup
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 37 -
Protecting endangered species Melindungi spesis yang
terancam
Interaction among living things Interaksi antara benda hidup
1.3 Understanding the responbility of human beings in protecting endangered species Memahami tanggungjawab manusia untuk melindungi spesis yang terancam
Extinct animals Haiwan pupus
Dinosours, dodos
Dinosur, dodo
Endangered animals and plants
Haiwan dan tumbuhan yang terancam
Orang utan, tiger, Raflesia, pitcher plant
Orang utan, harimau, bunga pakma,pokok periuk kera
Factors Faktor
Illegal or excessive logging Pembalakan haram atau berleluasa
Hunting Pemburuan
Development Pembangunan
Ways to prevent Cara untuk mencegah
Campaign Kempen
Educating the public Mendidik orang awam
Enforcing law Kuat kuasa undang-undang
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 38 -
Interaction among living things Interaksi antara benda hidup
Impact of human activities Kesan daripada aktiviti manusia
Destructions of the environment Kemusnahan alam sekitar
Erosion Hakisan
Landslides Runtuhan
Flash floods Banjir kilat
Water pollution Pencemaran air
Activities Aktiviti
Illegal and excessive logging Pembalakan haram dan berleluasa
Illegal and excessive hunting Pemburuan haram dan berleluasa
Improper management of development Kelemahan pengurusan pembangunan
1.4 Knowing the impact of human activities on environment Memaham kesan daripada aktiviti manusia ke atas alam sekitar
Air pollution Pencemaran udara
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 39 -
MENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGAMENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGAMENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGAMENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGA
Year 4
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 40 -
1.7 Standard units
Unit seragam
1.5 Mass
Berat
1.6 Time
Masa
1.2 Area
Luas
1.3 Volume
Isipadu
1.3 Solid Pepejal
1.4 Liquid Cecair
1.1 Understanding the measurement of length Memahami ukuran panjang
Measurement Ukuran
1.1 Length
Panjang
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 41 -
Length Panjang
Terminology Istilah
-The distance between two points/ place / position Jarak di antara dua titik/tempat/kedudukan
Ways to measure Cara menyukat
Measuring tape Pita
pengukur
Cubit Hasta
Arm span Depa
String Tali
Ruler Pembaris
Standard Tools Alat seragam
Measuring tape Pita
pengukur
Ruler Pembaris
Unit Unit
mm mm
cm sm
m m
km km
Correct technique Teknik yang betul
-The eye must be directly above the end of object Mata mesti tepat pada bahagian bawah hujung benda
1.1 Understanding the measurement of length Memahami ukuran panjang
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 42 -
1.2 Area Luas
-Area is the amount of space taken up by the surface of an object. Luas ialah jumlah ruang yang dipenuhi pada permukaan sesuatu objek
Terminology Istilah
-Using square card with a sides of 1 centimetre Menggunakan kad segi empat dengan tepinya 1 sentimeter
Standard unit Unit piawai
-Square millimetre (mm2) Milimeter persegi (mm²)
-Square centimetre (cm2) Sentimeter persegi (sm²)
-Square metre (m2) Meter persegi (m²)
-Square kilometre (km2) Kilometer persegi (km²)
1cm
1cm
Different ways to measure area Berbeza cara untuk menyukat luas
-Using formula Guna rumus
Area = length X width Luas = panjang X lebar
2cm
4cm
= 4cm X 2 cm = 8cm2
3cm
3cm
- by placing uniform objects such as tiles, books and stamps on the surface of the objects dengan meletakkan objek seperti jubin, buku dan setem pada permukaan objek
1.2 Understanding how to calculate area Memahami cara mengira luas
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 43 -
Volume Isipadu
Terminology Istilah
The amount of space that something takes up Jumlah ruang yang dipenuhi oleh sesuatu
1.3 Solid Pepejal
1.4 Liquid Cecair
Formula Rumus
Length x width x height Panjang x lebar x tinggi
Standard Units Unit seragam
Tools Alat
Measuring cylinder Silinder penyukat
ml, l ml, l
Correct technique Teknik yang betul
a) taking the reading at the lowest part of the meniscus. mengambil bacaan pada bahagian paling rendah pada meniskus b) eyes must be at the same level as the lowest part of the meniscus mata mesti sama pada aras paling rendah pada meniskus
Standard Units Unit piawai
mm³, cm³, m³ mm³, sm³, m³
1.2/1.3 Understanding how measure the volume of solid and liquid
Memahami cara mengira isipadu pepejal dan cecair
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 44 -
Mass Berat
Terminology Istilah
-Amount of matter in an object Jumlah benda dalam objek
Tools Alat
Electronic balance Neraca elektronik
Beam balance Neraca palang
Kitchen scale Penimbang dapur
Bathroom scale Penimbang berat
badan
Lever balance Neraca tuas
Standard unit Unit piawai
Mg mg
g g
kg kg
Correct technique Teknik yang betul
1.5 Understanding how measure mass Memahami cara menyukat berat
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 45 -
Time Masa
Terminology Istilah
-Duration between two event Tempoh antara dua ketika
Way to measure Cara untuk mengukur
-Sundial , sand clock , candle clock
-Jam bayang, jam pasir, jam lilin
Process that repeats uniformly can be used to measure time Proses yang berulang secara sekata boleh digunakan untuk menyukat masa
-swinging pendulum ayunan bandul
-pulse rate candle denyutan nadi
-water dripping titisan air
-changing day and night perubahan siang dan malam
Tool Alatan
Standard unit Unit piawai
- Second , minute , hour Saat, minit, jam
-Digital clock, watch, wrist watch Jam digital, jam, jam tangan
Old clock Jam lama
Events can be used measuring time Kejadian boleh digunakan untuk menyukat masa
1.6 Understanding how to measure time Memahami cara mengukur masa
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 46 -
The Importance of Standard Units Kepentingan unit yang piawai
-for accuracy and consistency untuk tepat dan konsisten
-easy to communicate and understanding mudah untuk memahami dan berkomunikasi
1.7 Realising importance of using standard units Menyedari kepentingan menggunakan unit yang piawai
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 47 -
THE STORY OF TIME
CERITA TE�TA�G MASA
Galileo Galilei was the first person to use events that repeat uniformly
to measure time such as the pendulum clock. From then onwards, the wall clock
and modern clock were invented.
Galileo Galilei merupakan orang pertama menggunakan peristiwa yang
berulang secara seragam untuk mengukur masa seperti jam bandul. Daripada
situ, jam dinding dan jam moden telah dicipta.
Sand Clock Sundial Clock Candle Clock
Ancient Clocks
Wall clock Stop Watch Watch
Modern Clock
Unit 4/Lesson 1
Measuring Length/Mass
Defense Of Plants
Unit 4/Lesson 6
Measuring Time
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 48 -
MENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGAMENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGAMENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGAMENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGA
Year 5
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 49 -
ENERGY TENAGA
INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY Menyiasat Daya dan Tenaga
The Uses of Energy Kegunaan Tenaga
Why energy is needed?
Mengapa tenaga diperlukan
- by living things to carry out life processes. Ex : moving, breathing, growing
- bergerak,bernafas
- membesar
The Sources of Energy Sumber-sumber Tenaga
-main source of energy sumber utama tenaga - produces light and heat menghasilkan cahaya dan haba
-food contains stored energy
-mengadungi tenaga tersimpan
Sun
Matahari
- Moving air Udara bergerak
-Used to pump water Mengepam air,
- to move, boil, melt, or bounce non-living things
- menggerakkan ,didih,cair atau melantun benda bukan hidup
-wood, coal, petroleum, natural gas
-Kayu, petrol,gas asli
- moving or falling water produce energy
-Air yang bergerak Menghasilkan tenaga
Food makanan
Wind Angin
Fuell Bahan
api
Batteries Bateri
Water air
- Device that generated electrical energyfrom chemical energy
-Alat yang menghasilkan tenaga elektrik daripada tenaga kimia
1.1 Understanding the uses of energy Menyedari kegunaan tenaga
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 50 -
Energy can be transformed from one form to another Tenaga boleh berubah dari satu bentuk kepada bentuk lain.
Form of energy Bentuk Tenaga
Sound energy Tenaga bunyi
Heat energy Tenaga Haba
Light energy Tenaga Cahaya
Electrical energy Tenaga Elektrik
Kinetic energy Tenaga Kinetik
Chemical energy Tenaga Kimia
Potential energy Tenaga Keupayaan
Energy can be transformed Tenaga boleh diubahkan
a) lighting a candle/Nyalaan lilin Chemical energy heat energy + light energy Tenaga kimia Tenaga haba + Tenaga Cahaya b) Kicking a ball / Menendang bola Chemical energy kinetic energy heat energy Tenaga kimia Tenaga Kinetik Tenaga haba
Example of appliance that make use of energy transformation.
Contoh alatan yang menggunakan perubahan tenaga
a) Electric iron / Seterika elektrik Electrical energy heat energy Tenaga elektrik Tenaga haba
b) Radio Electrical energy sound energy Tenaga elektrik Tenaga bunyi
c) Television Electrical energy sound energy + light energy
Tenaga elektrik Tenaga bunyi + tenaga cahaya
1.2 Understanding that energy can be transformed from one form to another Memahami bahawa tenaga boleh berubah dari satu bentuk ke bentuk yang lain
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 51 -
Renewable and Non-renewable Energy Tenaga yang boleh diperbaharui dan
Tidak boleh diperbaharui
Renewable energy Tenaga yang boleh
diperbaharui
Energy that cannot
be replaced Tenaga yang
tidak boleh diganti
Resources – solar, wind ,biomass fuel,water Sumber- Matahari, angin,minyak,air, biomass
Non-renewable energy Tenaga yang tidak boleh diperbaharui
Energy that be replenished when it is used up Tenaga yang boleh diganti
Resources -natural gas,petroleum,coal Sumber – gas asli, petroleum, arang.
Use energy wisely Gunakan tenaga dengan bijak
How to save energy Bagaimana
menjimatkan tenaga
Some energy resources cannot be replenished when used up. Sesetengah sumber tenaga tidak boleh diganti bila habis
To save cost Menjimatkan kos
Avoid wastage Mengelakkan pembaziran
Reduce pollution Mengurangkan pencemaran.
Turn off the television when no
one watching it. Tutup TV jika tidak
menonton.
Switch off the lights if
not in use. Tutup lampu jika
tidak mengunakannya.
1.3 Understanding renewable anad renewable energy Memahami tenaga yang boleh diperbaharui dan tidak boleh diperbaharui
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 52 -
Sources Sumber
Dry cell Sel Kering
Accumulator Sel Basah
Dynamo Dinamo
Solar cell Tenaga Solar
2.1 Knowing the sources of electricity Mengetahui sumber elektrik
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 53 -
Type of circuit Jenis litar
Name Nama
Symbol Simbol
Dry cell Sel Kering
Connecting wire Wayar penyambung
Switch / Suis
Bulb / Mentol
Symbol and component Simbol dan komponen
Parallel circuit litar selari
Series circuit litar bersiri
Differences Perbezaan
The bulb in the parallel circuit is brighter then the bulb in the series circuit
Mentol dalam litar selari lebih terang daripada mentol dalam litar bersiri
2.2 Understanding a series circuit and a parallel circuit Memahami litar bersiri dan litar selari
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 54 -
Precautions Langkah keselamatan
Danger of mishandling electrical appliances Bahaya kecuaian mengendali peralatan elektrik
Fire Api
Burn Bakar
Electric shock Kejutan elektrik
Electrocution Renjatan elektrik
Safety precautions to be taken when using appliances Langkah-langkah keselamatan ketika mengunakan peralatan
Do not touch electrical appliances with wet hand Jangan sentuh alatan elektrik dengan tangan basah
Do not repair electrical appliances on your own Jangan baiki alatan elektrik jika tidak tahu.
2.3 Understanding the safety precautions to be taken when handling electricl appliances Memahami langkah pencegahan yang perlu diambil semasa menggunakan
peralatan elektrik
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 55 -
3.1 Understanding that light travels in a straight line Memahami bahawa cahaya bergerak dalam satu garis lurus
Light Cahaya
Travels in straight line Cahaya bergerak dalam satu garis lurus
search light from helicopter cahaya dari helikopter pencari
prove bukti
the beam of light from motorcycle alur cahaya dari motosikal
the beam of light from lighthouse alur cahaya dari rumah api
the ray of Sun,passing through a hole in the roof alur cahaya Matahari melalui lubang atap rumah
How shadow is formed Bagaimana bayang-bayang
terbentuk
When light is completely or partially blocked by an
opaque object Bila cahaya disekat
sepenuhnya atau separuh oleh objek legap
Shadow form Objek terbentuk
Opaque object Objek legap
Light Cahaya
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 56 -
Light Cahaya
Can be reflected Boleh dipantulkan
How ? Bagaimana?
Uses of reflection Kegunaan pantulan
Side mirror of a car Cermin sisi kereta
Periscope Kaleidoscope
The light that falls on objects ‘bounces off’ the objects and comes to your eyes Cahaya yang jatuh ke atas objek melantunkannya ke dalam mata
mirror/ cermin
3.2 Understanding that light can be reflected Memahami cahaya boleh dipantulkan
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 57 -
Heat haba
Gain Ditambah
Loss Hilang
Cooler Sejuk
Warmer panas
How to measure temperature using the correct technique Bagaimana untuk mengukur
suhu menggunakan cara yang betul
The effects of heat on matter Kesan haba ke atas bahan
Matter expands when heated
Bahan mengembang bila
dipanaskan
Matter contract when cooled
Bahan mengecut bila sejuk
4.1 Understanding that temperature in an indicator of degree of hotness
Memahami bahawa suhu adalah penunjuk darjah kepanasan
Thermometer termometer
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 58 -
SUN WIND DRY CELL FUELS FOOD Matahari Angin Sel kering Bahan bakar Makanan
Chemical energy light energy + heat energy Tenaga kimia tenaga cahaya tenaga haba
Electrical energy light energy Tenaga elektrik tenaga cahaya
Electrical energy heat energy Tenaga elektrik tenaga haba
Electrical energy sound energy Tenaga elektrik tenaga bunyi
Electrical energy kinetic energy Tenaga elektrik tenaga kinetic
SOURCES OF ENERGY PUNCA-PUNCA TENAGA
FORMS OF ENERGY BENTUK-BENTUK TENAGA
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 59 -
DRY
CELL ACCUMULATOR DYNAMO SOLAR CELL HYDROELECTRIC Sel kering Dynamo Sel solar Hidroelekrik
SERIES CIRCUIT LITAR SESIRI
SOURCES OF ELECTRICITY PUNCA-PUNCA ELEKTRIK
PARALLEL CIRCUIT LITAR SELARI
ELECTRICITY ELEKTRIK
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 60 -
( Song : This old man)
Light oh light Cahaya oh cahaya Light travels Cahaya boleh gerak Light travels in a straight line Cahaya bergerak lurus Light travels in a straight line Cahaya bergerak lurus Therefore it can form shadow Ia membentuk bayang
Light oh light Cahaya oh cahaya Light reflects Cahaya boleh pantul Light can be reflected Cahaya boleh dipantulkan Light can be reflected Cahaya boleh dipantulkan Can see image in mirror Boleh lihat dicermin
LIGHT CAHAYA
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 61 -
MENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGAMENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGAMENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGAMENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGA
Year 6
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 62 -
INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY MENYIASAT DAYA DAN TENAGA
FORCE DAYA
Effects Kesan
Concept Konsep
A push or a pull Tolak atau tarik
Can move a stationary object Boleh gerakkan objek yang pegun
Cannot be seen but the effects can be felt Tidak boleh dilihat tetapi boleh dirasa
Changes the shapes of an object Mengubah bentuk objek
An object become squeezed, stretched, bent, twisted or squashed Objek menjadi kemek, regang, bengkok,berpintal atau penyek
Changes the motion of an object Mengubah pergerakan objek
Stops a moving object Memberhentikan objek yang bergerak
Changes the direction of a moving object Mengubah arah pergerakan objek yang bergerak
Makes an object move faster or slower Menggerakkan objek lebih cepat atau perlahan
1.2 Understanding the effect of a force Memahami kesan daya
1.1 Understanding that push and pull are forces Memahami bahawa tolak dan tarik adalah daya
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 63 -
FRICTION GESERAN
Effects of friction Kesan geseran
Produces heat Hasilkan haba
Opposes motion Berlawanan gerakan
Causes wear and tear Menyebabkan haus dan koyak
Slows down and stops a moving object Memperlahankan dan memberhentikan objek yang bergerak
Disadvantages Kekurangan
Advantages Kelebihan
Factors that affect friction Faktor yang menyebabkan geseran
Condition of the surface Keadaan permukaan
Weight of the object Berat objek
Ways to reduce friction Cara kurangkan geseran
Use rollers or marbles Guna penggelek atau guli
Smoothen surfaces Permukaan licin
Use oil, wax, grease, talcum powder, air cushion Guna minyak, pelicin, gris,
1.3 Analysing friction Analisa geseran
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 64 -
Movement Pergerakkan
Speed Laju
Calculation of speed Pengiraan laju
How fast an object moves Berapa laju objek bergerak Formula :
Rumus Speed = Distance Time Laju = Jarak Masa
A faster object travels a longer distance in a given time Objek yang lebih laju melalui jarak yang lebih panjang mengikut masa yang diberi
A faster object takes a shorter time to travel a given distance Objek yang laju mengambil masa yang singkat untuk melalui jarak yang diberi
Units : ● km/h km/j ● m/s m/s ● cm/s sm/s
2.1 Understanding speed
Memahami laju
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 65 -
MENYIASAT ALAM BAHANMENYIASAT ALAM BAHANMENYIASAT ALAM BAHANMENYIASAT ALAM BAHAN
Year 4
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 66 -
Properties of materials Sifat bahan
Insulator Penebat
Float on water Terapung atas air
Conduct electricity Mengalirkan elektrik
metal logam
Conduct heat Mengalirkan
haba
Sink in water Tenggelam dalam air
Light to pass through Cahaya boleh melaluinya
Can be stretch Boleh diregangkan
wood kayu
stone batu
rubber ring gelang getah
glass kaca
carbon karbon
plastics plastik
metal logam
wood kayu
1.1 The properties of materials Sifat bahan
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 67 -
Applying knowledge properties of materials in everyday life Aplikasi pengetahuan sifat bahan dalam kehidupan seharian
Suggest ways to keep things hot Cadangan untuk menyimpan
benda panas
Covered with insulators Balut dengan bahan penebat
Suggest ways to keep things cold Cadangan untuk menyimpan benda
sejuk
hot thing benda panas
cold thing benda sejuk
to prevent heat loss untuk menghalang kehilangan haba
prevent from absorbing heat halang daripada serap haba
1.2 Applying knowledge properties of materials in everyday life
Aplikasi pengetahuan sifat bahan dalam kehidupan seharian
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 68 -
Uses of materials based on their properties Penggunaan bahan berdasarkan kandungan
transparent lutsinar
glass kaca
glasses gelas
soft lembut
wood kayu
tissue tisu
hard keras
metal logam
spoon sudu
properties sifat
materials bahan
object objek
cheap murah
easy to get senang didapati
strength kuat
good quality kualiti baik
1.3 Synthesising the knowledge about uses of materials based on their properties
Sintesis pengetahuan mengenai penggunaan bahan berdasarkan kandungan
List of object and materials that they are made of Senarai objek dan bahan yang dibuat daripada
Reason why particular materials are used to make an object Keterangan mengapa bahan tertentu digunakan untuk membuat objek
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 69 -
Natural materials Bahan semulajadi
Man-made materials Bahan buatan
wood kayu
metal logam
rubber getah
cotton kapas
plastics plastik
synthetic cloth kain sintetik
glass kaca
State that man-made materials comes from natural materials Nyatakan bahan buatan berasal dari bahan semulajadi
reducing mengurangkan
reusing guna semula
recycling kitar semula
public transport pengangkutan awam
plastic bag beg plastik
bottle botol
plastics plastik
glass kaca
The importance of reuse, reduce and recycle of materials Kepentingan guna semula, pengurangan dan kitar semula bahan
1.4 Knowing the importance of reuse, reduce and recycle Memahami kepentingan guna semula, pengurangan dan kitar semula bahan
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 70 -
Rusting can be prevented Pengaratan boleh dicegah
Different ways to prevent objects from rusting Cara berbeza untuk menghalang objek
daripada berkarat
Coating with non rusting materials
Menyadurkan dengan bahan tidak berkarat
*paint cat *oil
The necessary to prevent rusting Keperluan mencegah pengaratan
*Everlasting Live Tahan lebih lama
*Save natural material Selamatkan bahan asal
*Save cost Jimat kos
*Looking good Mencantikkan
*Conclusion; Rusting can be avoided by preventing iron contact with air and water. * Kesimpulan;Pengaratan boleh dihindarkan dengan menghalang ia bertindak balas dengan air dan udara
1.5 Understanding that some materials can rust
Memahami sesetengah bahan boleh perkarat
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 71 -
Rusting can be prevented Pengaratan boleh dicegah
Rusty objects
Non rusty objects Objek tidak berkarat
Object made of iron and steel
Objek yang diperbuat daripada besi
Object made of glass, plastic, wood, clay and silk
Objek yang diperbuat daripada kaca,plastik, kayu, tanah liat
dan sutera
*Nail Paku
*Spoon Sudu
*Knife Pisau
*Glass Kaca
*Bottle Botol
*Cup
Cawan
1.6 Understanding the rusting can be prevented
Memahami pengaratan boleh dicegah
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 72 -
MATERIALS AROUD YOU
-The Properties Of Materials-
MATERIALS
WOOD RUBBER PLASTIC GLASS
METAL COTTON
-Floats on water
-Insulator
-Can
absorbs
water
-Insulator
-Conducts
electricity
-Conducts
heat
-Conductor
-Allow light to
pass
through
them
-Insulator
-Can be
stretched
-Insulator
-Insulator
-Terapung
di atas air
-Penebat
-Boleh
menyerap
air
-Penebat
-Mengalirkan
elektrik -Mengalirkan
haba
-Konduktor
Membenar
kan cahaya menembusi
nya
-Penebat
-Boleh
diregang
-Penebat
-Penebat
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 73 -
Opaque, Translucent and Tranparent
Legap, Lutsinar dan Lutcahaya
Wood Door
(opaque)
Glass Door
(Translucent)
Clear glass Door
(Transparent)
I can’t see you.
Saya tak nampak awak.
I can see you but not clear.
Saya nampak awak tapi kurang
jelas.
I can see you clearly.
Saya nampak awak dengan jelas.
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 74 -
SYNTHETC CLOTH
KAIN
SINTETIK
ATURAL AD MA MADE
BAHA SEMULAJADI DA BUATA MAUSIA
NATURAL
MADE
MATERIALS
BAHA)
SEMULAJADI
MAN-MADE
MATERIALS
BAHA)
BUATA)
MA)USIA
RUBBER
GETAH
SILK
SUTERA
LEATHER
KULIT
WOOD
KAYU
METAL
LOGAM
GLASS
KACA
COTTON
KAPAS
CLAY TANAH
LIAT
FUR
BULU
PLASTIC
PLASTIK
NYLON
NILON
RAYON
RAYON
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 75 -
MENYIASAT ALAM BAHANMENYIASAT ALAM BAHANMENYIASAT ALAM BAHANMENYIASAT ALAM BAHAN
Year 5
Unit 5/Lesson7
Natural and Man made
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 76 -
Solid Pepejal
Liquid Cecair gas
has mass mempunyai
berat
Properties of solid Sifat-sifat pepejal Properties of liquid
Sifat –sifat cecair
Properties of gas Sifat-sifat gas
fixed volume isipadu tetap
fixed shape bentuk tetap
has mass mempunyai
berat
Examples Contoh
Water Air
Milk Susu Air
Udara
no permanent shape bentuk tidak tetap
fixed volume isipadu tetap
Steam wap
Wood Kayu
Stone batu
can't fixed shape Tidak
mempunyai bentuk tetap
has mass Mempunyai
berat Can't fixed volume Isipadu tidak tetap
can compressed boleh
dimampatkan
1.1 Matter exist in the form of solid, liquid or gas Bahan wujud dalam bentuk pepejal,cecair atau gas
Matter Bahan
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 77 -
CHANGING STATES OF
WATER Perubahan
Bentuk Air
gas – liquid gas - cecair
liquid – gas cecair - gas
liquid – gas Cecair - gas
solid – liquid Pepejal - cecair
Melting Peleburan
Boiling Pendidihan
Evaporation Penyejatan
Condensation Kondensasi
Freezing Pembekuan
1.2 Understanding that matter can change from one state to another Memahami bahawa benda boleh berubah bentuk dari satu ke bentuk yang lain
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 78 -
TThhee wwaatteerr ccyyccllee.. KKiittaarraann aaiirr
CCiirrccuullaattiioonn ooff wwaatteerr iinn
tthhee eennvviirroonnmmeenntt.. KKiittaarraann aaiirr ddaallaamm ppeerrsseekkiittaarraann
FFoorrmmaattiioonn ooff cclloouuddss
aanndd rraaiinn..
PPeemmbbeennttuukkaann aawwaann ddaann hhuujjaann
IImmppoorrttaannccee ooff wwaatteerr
KKeeppeennttiinnggaann aaiirr..
CChhaannggeess iinn tthhee ssttaatteess ooff mmaatttteerr iinn tthhee wwaatteerr ccyyccllee
PPeerruubbaahhaann bbeennttuukk bbaahhaann ddaallaamm kkiittaarraann aaiirr
LLiiqquuiidd ttoo ggaass ((eevvaappoorraattiioonn))
CCeeccaaiirr kkeeppaaddaa ggaass (( PPeennyyeejjaattaann ))
DDrroopplleettss ooff wwaatteerr wwiillll bbeeccoommee
bbiiggggeerr aanndd hheeaavviieerr →→ rain Titisan air menjadi besar dan berat hujan
Evaporation Penyejatan
Condensation Kondensasi
GGaass →→ lliiqquuiidd ((CCoonnddeennssaattiioonn))
GGaass CCeeccaaiirr (( KKoonnddeennssaassii ))
1.3 Understanding the water cycle Memahami kitaran air
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 79 -
Importance of water resources. Kepentingan sumber air
To prevent living aquatic from being destroyed and undergoing
extinction Untuk mengelakkan hidupan air
musnah dan mengalami kepupusan
Reasons to keep our water resources clean.
Sebab untuk mengekalkan
sumber air yang bersih
To ensure the cleanliness of water supply
Memastikan air yang bersih dibekalkan
To regulate the formation of clouds and rain
Untuk mengekalkan pembentukan
awan dan hujan
To avoid infected diseases
Mengelakkan penyakit berjangkit
Ways to keep our water resources clean
Cara mengekalkan sumber air bersih
Keep the rivers clean Jadikan sungai besih
Cleanliness campaign Kempen kebersihan
1.4 Appreciating the importance of water resources Menghargai kepentingan sumber air
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 80 -
The properties of acid, alkaline and neutral substances.
Ciri-ciri asid , alkali dan bahan nutral
Identify the taste of acidic and alkaline food.
Mengenal pasti rasa makanan yang berasid dan berakali
Identify acidic, alkaline and neutral substances using litmus paper. Mengenal pasti keasidan,alkali dan nutral bahan menggunakan kertas litmus
Conclude the properties of acidic, alkaline and neutral substances. Kesimpulan ciri-ciri bahan asid, alkali dan neutral .
Changes in colour of litmus papers
Menukarkan warna kertas litmus
blue to red biru ke merah
red to blue merah ke
biru
no change tidak
berubah
Bitter Pahit
Sour masam
Properties of alkali Ciri-ciri alkali
Properties of acid
Ciri-ciri asid
Properties of neutral substances
Ciri-ciri bahan neutral
Taste bitter &
change red litmus paper to blue
Rasa pahit dan menukarkan Kertas litmus
merah kepada biru
Taste sour & change blue litmus paper red Rasa masam dan menukarkan kertas litmus merah
Other tastes – no changes in litmus paper
Tidak menukarkan warna kertas litmus
Acid asid
Alkaline alkali
neutral neutral
2.1 Understanding the properties of acidic, alkaline and neutral substances Memahami sifat asid, alkali dan bahan neutral
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 81 -
STATE OF MATTER KEADAAN BAHAN
Ali is eating an ice cream. After a while, the ice cream melt. Melting process changes solid to liquid. Ali sedang makan ais krim. Selepas beberapa ketika, ais krim itu menjadi cair. Proses pencairan menukarkan pepejal kepada cecair.
Liquid
Solid
Abu feels like to drink cold water. He need some ice cubes. He put water in the freezer. Freezing turn solid to solid. Abu ingin minum air sejuk. Dia perlukan ais batu. Dia masukkan air ke dalam peti sejuk. Proses pembekuan menukarkan cecair kepada pepejal.
Upin’s mother wants to boil some water. She knows that the water is boiling because it produces steam or water vapour. Boiling changes liquid to gas. Ibu Upin ingin menjerang air. Dia tahu bahawa air itu sudah mendidih kerana terhasilnya wap air atau stim. Pendidihan menukarkan cecair kepada gas.
Ipin’s mother hangs clothe on the cloth line. After a while, the cloth dries. This is because evaporation process occurs. Evaporation turn liquid to gas. Ibu Upin menjemur kain di ampaian.
Ah Seng forget to drink his ice lemon tea because his mother as him to go to the shop. When he went back, he saw many water droplets on the glass. Condensation turn gas to liquid. Ah Seng terlupa untuk minum airnya kerana ibunya menyuruhnya ke kedai. Setelah pulan, dia dapati banyak titisan air di luar gelas. Kondensasi menukarkan gas kepada cecair.
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 82 -
I am a droplet of water. Saya setitis air
Ouch! Where I am. Wow! It is big. Opss! Mmm7 cold and fresh. Where am I? Oh, I see, this is a sea7my new place. I came from river. Ouch! Di mana saya. Wow! Besarnya. Opss! Mmm4sejuk dan segar. Di mana saya? Oh, saya tahu, saya di laut4tempat baru untuk saya. Saya datang dari sungai.
Arghh! Hot, very hot7Oh no! I’m moving up. What happen??? It is very hot. The sun makes me very hot. It evaporate me to the sky. Evaporation change me as a water vapour. Arghh! Panasnya, sangat panas4 Tidak! Saya sedang bergerak ke atas. Apa dah jadi nih??? Sangat panas. Matahari membuatkan saya panas. Ia menyejat saya ke langit. Penyejatan menukarkan saya menjadi wap air.
Oh no! I’m shivering. It cold now. The condensation process turn me into water droplet. Wow! There are many droplets like me. Hey! Lets join together. Lets form cloud. Ahh7it is better now. Oh no! Saya sedang menggigil. Ia sejuk sekarang. Proses kondensasi menukar saya menjadi titisan air. Wow! Banyaknya tiisan air macam saya. Hey! Jom bergabung. Jom bentuk awan. Ahh4leganya dah jadi awan.
Opss! I’m heavy now. Let me out. Ahh! I’m out now as rain. Ouch! I fall down into the river again. My home sweet home. Yea! Opss! Saya semakin berat sekarang. Saya nak keluar. Ahh! Saya dah keluar sebagai hujan sekarang. Ouch! Saya jatuh kembali kedalam sungai. Rumah saya yang dirindui. Yea!
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 83 -
Fill in the missing letters. Lengkapkan perkataan dengan huruf yang betul.
E _ a _ _ _ a _ _ _ n
C _ _ d _ _s _ _ i o _
S __ _
R _ v _ _
C _ _ _ _
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 84 -
MENYIASAT ALAM BAHANMENYIASAT ALAM BAHANMENYIASAT ALAM BAHANMENYIASAT ALAM BAHAN
Year 6
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 85 -
FOOD PRESERVATION Pengawetan makanan
Food spoilage Kerosakan makanan
Characteristics of spoilt food Ciri-ciri makanan yang rosak
The conditions for microorganisms to grow Keadaan untuk mikroorganisma membesar
Unpleasant smell Bau tidak menyenangkan
Unpleasant taste Rasa tidak menyenangkan
Changed colour Berubah warna
Changed texture Berubah jalinan
Mouldy Berkulat
Air Udara
Water Air
Nutrients Zat makanan
Suitable temperature Suhu yang sesuai
Suitable acidity Keadaan asid yang sesuai
1.1 Understanding food spoilage
Memahami kerosakan makanan
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 86 -
Food Preservation Pengawetan makanan
Drying Pengeringan
Fish, prawns, cuttlefish, fruits Ikan, udang, sotong, buah
Boiling Pemanasan
Cooling Pendinginan
Vacuum packing Pembukusan vakum
Pickling Penjerukan
Freezing Penyejukbekuan
Bottling/Canning Pembotolan/pengetinan
Pasteurising Pempausteran
Salting Pengasinan
Smoking Pengasapan
Waxing Pelilinan
Vegetables, fruits Sayur, buah
Nuts, crackers, powder milk Kacang, biskut, susu tepung
Fruits, vegetables Buah, sayur
Chicken, meat, prawns, cuttlefish Ayam, daging, udang, sotong
Meat, fish, fruits, vegetables Daging, ikan, buah, sayur
Milk, juices, ice cream
Susu, jus, ais krim
Fish, meat, eggs, vegetables, fruits
Ikan, daging, telur, sayur, buah
Vegetables, fruits
Sayur, buah
Meat, fish
Daging, ikan
1.2 Synthesising the concept of food preservation
Sintesis konsep pengawetan makanan
Meat ,fish, vegetables daging, ikan, sayur
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 87 -
The importance of preserving food Kepentingan pengawetan makanan
1.3 Realising the importance of preserving food Menyedari kepentingan pengawetan makanan
Food Preservation Pengawetan makanan
To make last longer Tahan lebih lama
To make food easily to store Makanan lebih mudah disimpan
To reduce wastage food Mengurangkan makanan terbuang
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 88 -
Waste Management Pegurusan bahan buangan
Plastics, glass, chemical waste, organic waste, metal Plastik, kaca, sisa kimia, sisa organik, logam
Homes, factories, agriculture, motor vehicles Rumah, kilang, pertanian, kenderaan bermotor
Proper Betul
Improper Tidak betul
2.1 Understanding the effects of improper disposal of waste on the environment Memahami kesan kesalahan mengurus pembuangan bahan buangan kepada persekitaran
Types of waste Jenis bahan
Sources of waste Sumber bahan
Ways of disposing waste
Cara buang bahan buangan
• Dispose of waste in the right place Buang bahan buangan di tempat yang betul
• Treat waste before disposing it into the drain Rawat bahan buangan sebelum ia mengalir keluar
• Bury waste that can decay in soil Bakar bahan buangan yang boleh reput dalam tanah
• Reuse of recycle waste Guna semula bahan kitar semula
• Littering Tidak teratur
• Open burning Pembakaran terbuka
• Release of waste into the rivers Melepaskan bahan buangan ke dalam sungai
• Release of smoke into the air Melepaskan asap ke udara
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 89 -
Air pollution Pencemaran udara
Water pollution Pencemaran air
Sickness & diseases
Kesakitan & penyakit
Damages our lungs, initiates our eyes Merosakkan paru-paru.tidak elok
dipandang
Thypoid, dengue fever demam denggi
Acid rain Hujan asid
Flash floods Banjir kilat
Can kill plants and erode building Boleh membunuh tumbuhan dan
menghakis bangunan
Damage property Merosakkan harta
Can kill fish and water plants Boleh membunuh ikan dan tumbuhan
2.1 Understanding the effects of improper disposal of waste on the environment Memahami kesan kesalahan mengurus pembuangan bahan buangan kepada persekitaran
Harmful effects of improper disposal of waste
Kesan buruk daripada pembuangan bahan buangan yang tidak betul
Waste that can decay
Bahan buangan yang boleh reput
Waste that does not decay
Bahan buangan yang
tidak boleh reput
Food, paper, wood Makanan, surat khabar, kayu
Plastics, glass, metal Plastik, gelas, logam
2.1 Understanding the effects of improper disposal of waste on the environment Memahami kesan kesalahan mengurus pembuangan bahan buangan kepada persekitaran
Advantage : To make the soil fertiile Kelebihan : Untuk menyburkan tanah
Disadvantage : Gives out poisonous gases Kelemahan : Mengeluarkan gas beracun
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 90 -
MENYIASAT BUMI & ALAM SEMESTAMENYIASAT BUMI & ALAM SEMESTAMENYIASAT BUMI & ALAM SEMESTAMENYIASAT BUMI & ALAM SEMESTA
Year 4
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 91 -
The solar system Sistem Solar
List of constituents
Senarai pembentukan
List of planets Senarai planet
Planets move around the Sun Planet beredar mengelilingi
matahari
-Nine Planets Sembilan planet
-Natural satellites Satelit semulajadi
-Meteors Meteor
-Comets Komet
-Asteroids Asteroid
1.1 Understanding the Solar System Memahami Sistem Solar
Mercury – My Utarid Venus – Very
Zuhrah Earth – Excellent Bumi Mars – Mother Marikh Jupiter – Just Musytari Saturn – Served Zuhal Uranus – Us Uranus Neptune – Nine Neptun Pluto – Pudding Pluto
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 92 -
The relative size and distance
between the Earth, the Moon and the
Sun Saiz dan jarak relatif di antara
Bumi, Bulan dan
Size of the Sun relative to the size
of the Earth. Saiz Matahari relatif saiz
Bumi
Size of the Earth relative to the size
of the Moon.
Saiz Bumi relatif saiz Bulan
The relative distance from the Earth to the Sun compared
to the relative distance from the Earth to the Moon.
Jarak relatif dari Bumi ke Matahari berbanding jarak relative dari Bumi ke
Bulan
the Sun Matahari
1
the Earth Bumi 100
the Earth Bumi
1
the Moon Bulan
4
the Sun Matahari
the Earth Bumi the Moon
Bulan
150 000 000 km 382 500 km
1 : 400
1.2 Understanding the relative size and distance between the Earth, the Moon and the Sun
Memahami perbandingan saiz dan jarak antara Bumi, Bulan dan Matahari
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 93 -
Earth in the Solar System
Bumi dalam
Sistem Solar
Why certain planets are not conducive for living things.
Mengapa sesetengah planet tidak sesuai untuk benda hidup
Effect Kesan
The Earth is the only planet in the Solar System that has
living things. Hanya planet Bumi dalam
Sistem Solar yang mempunyai benda hidup
•The nearer a planet to the Sun is, the hotter is the surface of the planet. Planet yang dekat dengan matahari mempunyai permukaan yang paling panas •The farther a planet from the Sun is, the colder is the surface of the planet. Planet yang paling jauh dari matahari mempunyai perrmukaan yang paling sejuk. Do not have enough air and water. Tidak mempunyai air dan udara yang mencukupi
Much nearer : Lebih dekat •The temperature on the Earth would rise. Suhu di bumi akan meningkat •Water on Earth would evaporate. Air di bumi akan tersejat •No water and the temperature would be very hot. Tiada air, suhu akan jadi lebih panas. Much farther : Lebih jauh •The temperature on the Earth would drop. Suhu di bumi akan menurun •Water would freeze into ice. Air akan membeku menjadi ais. •All living things would die. Semua benda hidup aka mati.
• Earth is the third planet from the Sun, it receives enough light and heat from the Sun. Bumi adalah planet ketuga dari matahari, ia menerima cahaya dan haba secukupnya • It is not too hot or too cold. Ia tidak terlalu sejuk atau panas. • The atmosphere of the Earth contains air and there is water on Earth. Atmosfera bumi mengandungi udara dan air di bumi
1.3 Appreciating the perfect placement of the planet Earth in the Solar System Menghargai kedudukan yang sempurna planet Bumi dalam Sistem Solar
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 94 -
OUR SOLAR SYSTEM
SISTEM SOLAR KITA
MERCURY MAKAN
VENUS VITAMIN
EARTH E
MARS MULUT
JUPITER JADI
SATURN SENGET
URANUS URAT
NEPTUNE AK
PLUTO PUTUS
The nine planets from the sun.
9 Planet daripada Matahari.
MY
VERY
EASY
METHOD
JUST
STOP
USING
NINE
PLANET
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 95 -
MENYIASAT BUMI & ALAM SEMESTAMENYIASAT BUMI & ALAM SEMESTAMENYIASAT BUMI & ALAM SEMESTAMENYIASAT BUMI & ALAM SEMESTA
Year 5
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 96 -
Indicates Seasons Menunjukkan musim
A group of stars that form a certain pattern in the sky Gugusan bintang-bintang di langit yang membentuk
corak tertentu
Importance of Constellation
Kepentingan buruj
Identify Constellation
Kenal pasti buruj
What constellation is Apa itu buruj
Constellation Buruj
Big dipper Biduk
Scorpion Skorpio
Orion Belantik
Southern Cross Pari
North Utara
North Utara
South Selatan April – June
Kite or Cross Layang-layang atau
Palang
Scorpion Kala jengking
Hunter Pemburu
Water dipper Gayung
South Selatan
December - January
June - August
Planting Musim menanam
Harvesting Musim menuai Desert
Padang pasir Sea Laut
1.1 Understanding the constellation Memahami buruj
Show Directions
Menunjukkan arah
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 97 -
The movements of the Earth, the Moon
and the Sun Pergerakan Bumi,Bulan
dan Matahari
Earth rotates on it axis
Bumi berputar pada paksinya
Earth rotates and at the same time moves around the sun Bumi berputar dan pada masa yang sama bergerak mengelilingi matahari
Moon rotates on it axis
Bulan berputar pada paksinya
Moon rotates and at the same time moves around
the Earth Bulan berputar dan
pada masa yang sama
beredar mengeliligi Mathari
The Moon and the Earth move round the Sun at the same time Bulan dan Bumi bergerak mengeliligi Matahari pada masa yang sama
The earth rotates on its axis from west to east Bumi berputar pada paksinya
The changes in length and position of the shadow throughout the day Perubahan panjang dan kedudukan bayang-bayang sepanjang hari
2.1 Understanding the movement of the Earth, the Moon and the Sun Memahami pergerakan Bumi, Bulan dan Matahari
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 98 -
The occurrence of day and night Kejadian siang dan malam
It is day time for the part of the Earth facing the Sun.
Pada waktu siang sebahagian Bumi menghadap Matahari
At night part of Earth do not face Sun.
Pada waktu malam sebahagian Bumi tidak menghadap matahari
Day and night occur due to the rotation of the Earth on its axis.
Kejadian siang dan malam berlaku kerana putaran Bumi pada paksinya.
the Sun Matahari
NNiigghhtt--ttiimmee
WWaakkttuu mmaallaamm
DDaayyttiimmee
WWaakkttuu ssiiaanngg
AAxxiiss
PPaakkssii
WWeesstt BBaarraatt
EEaasstt TTiimmuurr
2.1 Understanding the occurrence o day and night Memahami kejadian siang dan malam
the Earth Bumi
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 99 -
Phases Of The Moon Fasa-fasa Bulan
The Moon Does Not Emit Light Bulan tidak mengeluarkan cahaya
The Moon appear bright when it reflect
sunlight Bulan jadi terang akibat pantulan
cahaya matahari.
Describe the phases of
the moon Menerangkan fasa-fasa
bulan
1-New moon, 3- New half moon, 5- Full moon 1- Anak Bulan 3, Bulan separa baru 5. – Bulan penuh 7- Old half moon Bulan separa lama
2.3 Understanding the phases of tne Moon Memahami fasa bulan
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 100 -
MENYIASAT BUMI & ALAM SEMESTAMENYIASAT BUMI & ALAM SEMESTAMENYIASAT BUMI & ALAM SEMESTAMENYIASAT BUMI & ALAM SEMESTA
Year 6
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 101 -
Eclipse of The Moon Gerhana bulan
Eclipse of The Sun Gerhana matahari
Eclipse Gerhana
The Earth is between the Sun and the Moon and the three of them lie in a straight line. Bumi berada di antara Matahari dan Bulan dan ketiga-tiganya berada dalam satu garis yang lurus
The Moon is between the Sun and the Earth and the three of them lie in a straight line. Bulan berada di antara Matahari dan Bumi dan ketiga-tiganya berada dalam satu garis yang lurus
The Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the Moon Bumi menghalang cahaya Matahari daripada sampai ke Bulan
The Moon looks reddish, dark gray or brown Bulan kelihatan kemerahan, kelabu atau perang
Sunlight is blocked by the Moon Cahaya Matahari dihalang oleh bulan
The Moon shadow falls on the Earth surface Bayang-bayang Bulan jatuh ke atas permukaan Bumi
Daylight becomes dark during the total eclipse Hari siang menjadi gelap menjelang gerhana penuh
1.1 Understanding the eclipse of the moon Memahami gerhana bulan 1.2 Understanding the eclipse of the sun
Memahami gerhana matahari
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 102 -
MENYIASAT MENYIASAT MENYIASAT MENYIASAT DUNIA TEKNOLOGIDUNIA TEKNOLOGIDUNIA TEKNOLOGIDUNIA TEKNOLOGI
Year 4
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 103 -
Importance of technology in everyday life Kepentingan teknologi dalam kehidupan seharian
Examples of human limitations are Contoh had keupayaan manusia
• Unable to see fine objects Tidak boleh melihat objek yang kecil
•Unable to speak loud Tidak boleh bercakap dengan kuat
•Unable to walk for long distance Tidak boleh berjalan jauh
•Unable to see far away objects Tidak boleh melihat objek yang jauh
Microscope Mikroskop
- The usage of lens to see fine features of objects and microbes
Penggunaan kanta untuk melihat benda dan mikrob yang halus
Microphone
Mikrofon -To increase the voice volume
Untuk meninggikan suara
Telephone Telefon
-To communicate from long distance Untuk berkomunikasi dari jarak yang jauh
Bicycle, motorcycle, airplanes
Basikal,motosikal , kapal terbang
-Can travel long distance in a shorter time Boleh pergi ke tempat jauh dalam masa
yang singkat
Telescope, binocular Teleskop, binokular
-To see far away objects Untuk melihat objek yang jauh
Limitation of human ability Had keupayaan manusia
Devices to overcome human limitation
Alat mengatsai had keupayaan manusia
1.1 Understanding the importance of technology in everyday life Memahami kepentingan teknologi dalam kehidupan seharian
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 104 -
Development Of Technology Pembangunan
teknologi
Examples
Contoh
Technology Teknologi
1.2 Understanding the development of technology Memahami pembangunan teknologi
Agriculture Pertanian e.g.: hoe plough tractor combine harvester Lubang bajak traktor mesin penuai
Transportation Pengangkutan Land:/ Darat Animal bicycle car train Haiwan basikal kereta kereta api Air:/Udara Hot air balloon airship glider aeroplane Belon panas kapal udara glider kapal terbang Water:/Air Canoe raft sampan ferry ship Kenu rakit sampan feri kapal
Construction Pembinaan Cave hut wooden house apartment Gua pondok rumah kayu rumah pangsa
Communication Komunikasi Drawing carrier pigeon telephone Lukisan pembawa utusan telefon
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 105 -
Problems they encounter in their daily life Masalah yang dihadapi dalam kehidupan sehari
Ideas to solve the problems identified Idea untuk menyelesaikan masalah dikenal pasti
Technology solve problems Teknologi menyelesaikan masalah
Cannot move and lift heavy thing Tidak boleh beregerak dan angkat
benda berat
Cannot move farther Tidak boleh bergerak jauh
Sketch the model Lakar model
Brain storming Mencari idea
Wheel barrow Kereta sorong
1.3 Synthesising how technology can be used to solve problem Sintesis bagaimana teknologi boleh digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah
Device to solve the problem identified.
Alat untuk menyelesaikan masalah dikenalpasti
Lever Tuas
Demonstrate that device invented can be used to solve the problem
identified Demontrasi bahawa alat yang dicipta
boleh digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah yang
dikenal pasti
Wheel barrow – can move heavy thing easily Kereta sorong-boleh mengangkat benda berat dengan senang
Pulley – can lift everything Takal – boleh mengangkat apa sahaja
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 106 -
Advantages of Technology
Kelebihan teknologi
Disadvantages of Technology
Kelemahan teknologi
•Communication Komunikasi
Enable human to learn more about things happening around the world Membolehkan manusia mengetahui benda yang berlaku di seluruh dunia
•Transportation Pengangkutan
Enable human to travel far away places in shorter time
Membolehkan manusia pergi ke tempat jauh dalam masa yang singkat
•Agriculture Pertanian
Machines make it easier to plants and harvest their crops
Mesin memudahkan untuk menanam dan menuai
•Construction Pembinaan
Roads, highways, bridges and building is easier and faster to build
Memudahkan pembinaan jalan, lebuh raya,jambatan dan bangunan
Environmental pollution from increase in waste materials
Pencemaran alam daripada penambahan sisa buangan
Environmental destruction result from excessive usage of natural resources Kemusnahan alam kesan daripada
penggunaan sumber semulajadi yang berleluasa
Social problem Masalah sosial
Bad effects on health result from
environmental pollution and excessive use of chemicals
Kesan buruk kepada kesihatan kesa daripada pencemaran sekitar dan penggunaan bahan kimia secara
berleluasa
1.4 Analysing that technology can benefit mankind if used misely Analisa bahawa teknologi memberi manfaat jika digunakan secara bijaksana
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 107 -
HUMAN LIMITATIONS AND WAYS TO OVERCOME
KETIDAKUPAYAAN MANUSIA DAN CARA MENTASAINYA
Use the phone Use the car Use the aeroplane Use the computer
We can’t fly.
Kami tak boleh
terbang.
Can we save the
data?
Boleh tak kita
simpan data ini?
I can’t walk,
anymore.
Saya tak boleh
berjalan lagi.
I can’t hear you.
Saya tak dengar
awak
HOW TO OVERCOME THE PROBLEM?
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 108 -
MENYIASAT MENYIASAT MENYIASAT MENYIASAT DUNIA TEKNOLOGIDUNIA TEKNOLOGIDUNIA TEKNOLOGIDUNIA TEKNOLOGI
Year 5
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 109 -
The shape of objects Bentuk-bentuk benda
Identify shape in structure Mengenal pasti bentuk di
dalam struktur
Cuboid Kuboid
Cube Kiub
Cylinder Silinder
Sphere Sfera
Cone Kon
Pyramid Piramid
Sphere sfera
Cylinder Silinder
1.1 Knowing the shapes of objects in structures.
Mengetahui bentuk objek di dalam struktur
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 110 -
Strength and Stability Kekuatan dan Kestabilan
Shapes of objects that are stable Bentuk benda yang stabil
The factors that affect stability of objects
Faktor-faktor yang memberi kesan kestabilan objek
The factors that affect the strength of a structure
Faktor-faktor yang memberi kesan sesuatu struktur
Cube, cone, cylinder Kiub.kon,silinder
Height , base area Ketinggian , luas tapak
Bigger base area more stable Semakin luas tapak bertambah
kestabilan Smaller base area less stable
Semakin kecil luas tapak kurang kestabilan
Lower object more stable Semakin rendah objek bertambah
kestabilan Higher object less stable
Tinggi objek kurang kestabilan
1.2 Understanding the strength and stability of a structure. Memahami kekuatan dan kestabilan struktur.
Types of materials used Steel, iron, wood Jenis bahan yang digunakan Keluli, besi, kayu
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 111 -
MENYIASAT MENYIASAT MENYIASAT MENYIASAT DUNIA TEKNOLOGIDUNIA TEKNOLOGIDUNIA TEKNOLOGIDUNIA TEKNOLOGI
Year 6
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 112 -
MACHINES Mesin
To carry or move heavy objects easily Untuk membawa atau menggerak benda berat dengan mudah
To cut or separate objects Untuk memotong atau mengasing objek
To lift heavy objects easier Untuk mengangkat objek dengan mudah
To fix two objects together Untuk mengetatkan dua benda bersama
To move objects easily Untuk menggerakkan objek dengan mudah
To carry or move heavy objects easily Untuk membawa atau menggerak benda berat dengan mudah
To carry or to lift objects to higher place Untuk membawa atau mengangkat objek ke tempat tinggi
Simple machines
Mesin ringkas
Lever Tuas
Wheel and axle Roda dan gandar
Pulley Takal
Wedge Baji
Inclined plane Satah condong
Screw Skru
Gear Gear
1.1 Understanding simple machines Memahami mesin ringkas
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 113 -
Machine make
life easier Mesin
membuat kehidupan
lebih mudah
Made up of more than one simple machine Terdiri lebih dari satu mesin ringkas
Crane, lift Kren, lif
Aeroplane, bus Kapal terbang, bas
Computer, satelite Komputer, satelit
Tractor Trektar
e.g Wheelbarrow, bicycle, a pair of scissors, fishing rod Kereta sorong. basikal, gunting, rod pancing
To carry, move or lift heavy things more easily Untuk membawa atau mengangkat benda dengan mudah
To travel from one place to another Untuk pergi dari satu tempat ke tempat yang lain
To make work faster Untuk membuat kerja lebih cepat
To make communication with people faster and easier Untuk berkomunikasi dengan manusia lebih cepat dan mudah
To treat diseases Untuk mengesan penyakit
Dialysis machine Mesin dialisis
Complex Machine Mesin
kompleks
1.2 Analysing a complex machines Analisa mesin yang kompleks
1.3 Appreciating the invention of machines that make life easier Menghargai mesin yang dicipta membuatkan hidup menjadi senang
Zazolnizam Bin Zakaria Mind Maps – Science
SK Permatang Tok Mahat-Edited from Modul Sinar - 114 -
Catatan :
top related