Network Computers Massimo Pistoni Computing Service 1 Jun 13th, 1997 KNOWLEDGE...COMMUNICATION...INNOVATION... WORLDWIDE... Network Computers: The Future.
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Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
1Jun 13th, 1997
KNOWLEDGE...KNOWLEDGE...COMMUNICATION...COMMUNICATION...INNOVATIOINNOVATION...N...
WORLDWIDE...WORLDWIDE...
Network Computers: The Future Clients
Some of the presentation data got fromIDG survey results
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
2Jun 13th, 1997
The Network Defines the Client
• Network maturity and bandwidth satisfies
demand
• Software development delivers the opportunities
• Established platforms offer best integration
potential
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
3Jun 13th, 1997
The NC defined...
• The NC is not a product, it is a spectrum of client devices
• NCs will differ in capability from consumer devices
• NCs will be used to access corporate information
• Intranet and Extranet growth will feed NC adoption in early stages
• The next generation client needs to be designed for intranet/extranet implementation
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
4Jun 13th, 1997
What is a Network Computer?
• Apple, IBM, Netscape, Oracle and Sun are introducing a Reference Profile for the Network Computer: the NC&trade
• This Reference Profile is intended to provide a common denominator of popular and widely used features and functions across a broad range of scaleable network computing devices, including personal computers
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
5Jun 13th, 1997
In practice what is a NC?
• One of the simplest example of Client-
Server network based application
• Powerful low cost RISC CPU and RAM
• Disk or diskless peripheral device
• LAN card for the comminucation I/O
• Monitor, Keyboard, Mouse and Audio
Output
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
6Jun 13th, 1997
IP-based protcols defined• TCP - Transmission Control Protocol
• FTP - File Transfer Protocol
• Telnet - Terminal emulation and remote login
• NFS - Network File System
• UDP - User Datagram Protocol
• SNMP - Simple Network Management Protocol
• DHCP - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
• Bootp - Boot Protocol
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
7Jun 13th, 1997
World Wide Web Standards
• HTML - HyperText Markup Language is
the publishing format for WWW sites
• HTTP - HyperText Transfer Protocol
• Java Application Environment
– Java Virtual Machine and runtime environment
– Java class libraries
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
8Jun 13th, 1997
Mail protocols
• SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
• IMAP4 - Internet Message Access Protocol
Version 4
• POP3 - Post Office Protocol Version 3
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
9Jun 13th, 1997
Common Multimidia Formats
• Pictures and bitmap images: GIF and JPEG
• Sounds and audio: WAV and AU
And security supported
• ISO 7816 (SmartCards)
• Europay / MasterCard / Visa specifications
• OpenCard Framework
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
10Jun 13th, 1997
In practice a particular evolution
of the classical X-Terminals• But with local CPU running applications
capability: – HTML Browser– Java Developer Kit and Java class libraries– Java interpreter– Java Virtual Machine– X-Windows – Windows NT Operating System (Windd, etc)– Security for the Intranet and Extranet
support
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
11Jun 13th, 1997
Cost-To-Use analysis is key
• IDG research utilises Cost-To-Use model• Established model measures business
computing costs• IDG survey contacted 125 IT managers in
France, Germany, UK and US• All businesses had networked PCs and X-
terminals (Intranet NC)• Cost-To-Use model reveals significant
savings when deploying X-terminals
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
12Jun 13th, 1997
Survey finds Intranet NC attractive
• NC has lower acquisition cost• Offers reduced costs for software and for
software maintenance and distribution• Offers reduced administration, support,
training and backup costs• Costs less to upgrade and maintain• Provides universal access to applications
and information together with Internet integration
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
13Jun 13th, 1997
Cost-To-Use model reveals potential
0 200 400 600 800 1000
End User Training
Hardware Upgrades
ApplicationsDevelopment Staff
Installation Costs
Desktop Client Costs
Operations Staff
Networked PC Network Computers
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
14Jun 13th, 1997
Cost-To-Use reveals savings
• All line items yield a cost saving for the Intranet NC over the networked PC
• Most significant savings in hardware upgrades and applications development staff
• Five year costs of Intranet NC show 44% savings compared to networked PC ($39,114 vs $69,686)
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
15Jun 13th, 1997
Down time critical to user productivity
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Annual numberof failures
Hours down perfailure
Annual Hourslost
Networked PC
Network Computers
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
16Jun 13th, 1997
Upgrades impact productivity
• Hardware and software upgrades extend the user down time
• Loss of productivity due to scheduled upgrades for intranet NC 25% of networked PC costs
• Loss of productivity due to unscheduled down time for intranet NC 36% of networked PC costs
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
17Jun 13th, 1997
Intranet NC easiest to install...
58
2418
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Network Computers Networked PC Other/Don't Know
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
18Jun 13th, 1997
…and to manage
42
33
23
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
NetworkComputers
Networked PC Other/Don't Know
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
19Jun 13th, 1997
System attributes top purchase criteria
0
5Security
Performance
Reliability
Ease of UseCost
Ease of installation
Access to legacy apps.
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
20Jun 13th, 1997
NCs: high growth expected
1996 1997 1998 1999 20000
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
US Western Europe Rest of WorldSource: IDG 1997
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
21Jun 13th, 1997
Network offers choice
• Rise in network development offers choice to IT managers for occupational fit
• NCs provide the ideal client characteristics: simple, standard access without the cost and support expenses
• NCs promise is low-cost, low-administration, highly secure, enterprise access client desktops
• Intranet NCs deliver the NCs promise
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
22Jun 13th, 1997
Tests in the LNF
• Already tested:– IBM– Tektronix– Sun
• To test soon:– HP– NCD
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
23Jun 13th, 1997
IBM Network Station• H/W: Low cost Power PC, 32 Mbytes RAM,
no disk (with partnership of NCD)• S/W: NetStation Support downloaded
from an IBM AIX system• Advantages
– Good X-Terminal– Java Virtual Machine
• Disadvantages– HTML Browser not yet available
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
24Jun 13th, 1997
Tektronix Network Station• H/W: RISC CPU, 24 Mbytes RAM, no disk
(model: XP421C)• S/W: XPressWare Version 4.1 downloaded
from a Digital OSF system• Advantages
– Good X-Terminal– HTML browser (NAVIO = Netscape)
• Disadvantages– Java interpreter and JVM not yet
available
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
25Jun 13th, 1997
Sun Net Station• H/W: RISC CPU 32 Mbytes RAM, no disk
(model: Java Station)• S/W: Name Netra J Version 3.1
downloaded from a Sun Solaris system• Advantages
– JAVA Interpreter and Java Virtual Machine
– HTML browser• Disadvantages
– X-Terminal S/W not yet available
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
26Jun 13th, 1997
HP and NCD (not tested yet)
• We don’t know anything yet about HP NC
• For the NCD are available both HTML Browser and Java Virtual Machine (the XWindows S/W is already well known in the LNF)
• The already installed NCD (Explora series only) are upgradable to become Network Station with a simple S/W reinstallation on the X Server
• HMX model has best performance of Explora-pro
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
27Jun 13th, 1997
SUN JAVA chip• Sun announced PICOJAVA chip• Specifically engineered to run Java applications• Built to execute in H/W many Java
instructions • Available in late 1997 at very low cost
0 10 20 30
Pentium 166MHzwith Javainterpreter
Pentium 166MHzwith Java compiler
PicoJavasimulation
0 100 200
Pentium 166MHzwith Javainterpreter
Pentium 166MHzwith Java compiler
PicoJavasimulation
Seconds SecondsJavac tests RayTracer tests
Network Computers
Massimo PistoniMassimo PistoniComputing ServiceComputing Service
28Jun 13th, 1997
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