Microscopic AnatomyGross Anatomy. Levels of Organization in Human Anatomy.

Microscopic Anatomy Gross Anatomy

Levels of Organizationin Human Anatomy

Organ Systems of the Body

Anatomical Landmarks

Anatomical Landmarks

Common Term

1. Cranial Skull2. Cervical Neck3. Acromial Shoulder4. Thoracic Chest5. Abdominal Belly6. Gluteal Buttock7. Inguinal Groin8. Axillary Armpit9. Brachial Arm10. Olecranon / Antecubital

Elbow (back) / Fossa (front)

11. Antebrachium Forearm12. Carpal Wrist13. Manual Hand14. Digits (Phalanges) Fingers15. Femoral Thigh16. Patellar Knee (front)17. Popliteal Back of knee18. Crural Leg (front)19. Sural Calf (back)20. Tarsal Ankle

Selected anatomical regions and commonly

used “layperson’s” terminology.

Abdominopelvic Quadrants and Regions

Sectional Planes

1. Frontal (Coronal) plane

Sectional Anatomy

Three sectional planes

3. Transverse (Horizontal) plane

2. Sagittal plane (mid- and para-)

Longitudinal

Body Cavities

Anterior(Ventral)

Posterior(Dorsal)

Sectional View

What kind of sectional view (plane) could you call the diagram above?

Dorsal Body Cavity

1. Cranial Cavity Contains the brain and CSF.Protects this delicate tissue.

2. Spinal Cavity Contains the spinal cord and CSF.Protects this delicate tissue.

Ventral Body Cavity1. Thoracic Cavity

Contains: a) Plural cavities (lungs inside).b) Mediastinum

i) Pericardial cavity (heart).

2. Abdominopelvic Cavity Contains: stomach, intestines, gallbladder,liver, spleen, bladder, reproductive organs.

B. Pericardium - lines the pericardial cavity.

MediastinumContains: Heart, thymus, trachea, esophagus, vessels (aorta), nerves.

A. Pleura - membrane lining the pleural cavities.

Serous Membranes - line ventral body cavities, has 2 portions:

VisceralParietal

Peritoneum - lines the peritoneal cavity (this is inside the abdominal cavity).

The Abdominopelvic cavity contains the Peritoneal cavity

Mesenteries - support and stabilize the digestive organs in abdominal cavity.

Directional References

Practice using the terms listed inreference to the Various organs and structures within the body.

Example of relative position and orientation ofa scan for clinical purposes.

Can you identify the structures shown below?