Microalgal Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs ... · Golubeva and K. Rea for critical revision of the poster. The APC Microbiome institute is a research institute funded by
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Introduction Methods
Results
The authors would like to thank Dr. E. Paterson, P. Mulryan, P.Fitzgerald and C. Manley for their technical assistance, and Dr. A. Golubeva and K. Rea for critical revision of the poster. The APC Microbiome institute is a research institute funded by Science Foundation Ireland (SFI), through the Irish Government’s National Development Plan (Grant Number 12/RC/2273). TGD and JFC are also supported by the Irish Health Research Board, the Dept. of Agriculture, Food & the Marine and Enterprise Ireland. CSO is funded through SMART FOOD project.
Email: clara_seira@hotmail.com
• Over the last decades, human nutritional intake has undergone through major changes characterized by increased omega-6:omega-3 ratio (1–4 : 1)→(10-20:1).
• This unbalanced dietary fatty acid intake has caused a major increase in inflammatory-related disorders.
Omega 3+ → Enhanced memory compared to control in adulthood
Omega 3- → Memory
impairment compared to Omega 3+ group in
adolescence and adulthood
Cognition
Social behaviour
Microalgal Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) effects on cognition, sociability, depressive-like behaviour
and brain fatty acid composition in C57BL/6 mice
AIM: To assess the effects of omega-3 PUFAs supplementation or deficiency, from gestation through to adulthood, on cognition, depressive-like behaviour, sociability, anxiety and on brain lipid composition in murine offspring.
PUFAs brain composition Adolescence Adulthood
Soci
abili
ty
Soci
al n
ove
lty
Hippocampus
Amygdala
Prefrontal Cortex
References 1. Innis, S.M., Omega-3 Fatty acids and neural development to 2 years of age: do we know enough for dietary recommendations?
Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition, 2009. 48: p. S16-S24. 2. 2. Janssen, C.I., et al., Impact of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on cognition, motor skills and hippocampal neurogenesis in
developing C57BL/6J mice. The Journal of nutritional biochemistry, 2015. 26(1): p. 24-35.
Hypothalamus
• Essential omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs):
- Most abundant in brain [1].
-Key players in brain development and function, especially during perinatal development and early postnatal period [2].
Clara Seira-Oriacha,b, Ruairi Robertsona,d, R. Paul Rossa,d, John F. Cryana,c , Catherine Stantona,d , Timothy G. Dinana, b
a APC Microbiome Institute, UCC, Cork b Department of Psychiatry c Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland d Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork.
Gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection
(GC-FID)
Experimental design:
1g EPA+DHA/100g diet
Omega 3- ↓
Increased depression-like behaviour in
adulthood
Omega 3+ → Increased levels of Omega 3 and decreased of Omega 6
Acknowledgements & Disclosure
Adolescence Adulthood
Adolescence Adulthood
Mouse Object
10min Sociability test
Familiar Mouse
Novel Mouse
10min Social novelty test
Omega 3- ↓
Sociability impairment compared to the
control and Omega 3 + group in adulthood
Depression-like behaviour/HPA axis response to stress
Conclusions
Statistical analysis:→ 1 way Anova followed by Tukey´s post-hoc analysis. *-Compared to Control Group/ #-Comparison between Omega 3+ and Omega 3- groups
• Omega-3 PUFAs deficiency caused impairments in cognition, sociability and depression-like behaviour.
• Omega-3 PUFAs supplementation enhanced cognition and stress response.
• The behavioural effects may be related with an increase of Omega-3 PUFAs in the brain.
• Omega-3 PUFAs supplementation/deficiency effects were more pronounced in adulthood than adolescence.
• These findings show the importance of n-3 PUFA intake on brain development indicating their possible implications in psychiatric disorders.
Control Omega 3+ Omega 3- 0
2
4
6
8
10
***###
g/1
00g
FA
ME
Control Omega 3+ Omega 3- 0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
***###
g/1
00g
FA
ME
Control Omega 3+ Omega 3- 0
2
4
6
###
g/1
00g
FA
ME
Control Omega 3+ Omega 3- 0
5
10
15
***###
**
g/1
00g
FA
ME
Control Omega 3+0
2
4
6
***###
g/1
00g
FA
ME
Control Omega 3+ Omega 3- 0
2
4
6
8
10
#
g/1
00g
FA
ME
Control Omega 3+ Omega 3- 0
5
10
15
20
***###
g/1
00g
FA
ME
Control Omega 3+ Omega 3- 0
2
4
6
8
10
***###
g/1
00g
FA
ME
Control Omega 3+ Omega 3- 0
2
4
6
8
10
***###
g/1
00g
FA
ME
Control Omega 3+ Omega 3- 0
5
10
15
****####
g/1
00g
FA
ME
Control Omega 3+ Omega 3- 0
2
4
6
****####
g/1
00g
FA
ME
Control Omega 3+ Omega 3- 0
2
4
6
8
10
****
####g
/100g
FA
ME
C22:6 Omega-3 Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
C22:5 Omega-6 Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA)
C20:4 Omega-6 Arachidonic acid (AA)
Omega 3- → Decreased levels of Omega 3 and increased levels of Omega 6.
Forced Swim Test (FST)
0 15 45 90 1200
100
200
300
Control
Omega 3+
Omega 3 -
*#
Co
rtic
os
tero
ne
(n
g/m
l)
stress
Time (min)
Forced Swim Test (FST)
0 15 45 90 1200
50
100
150
200Control
Omega 3+
Omega 3 -
Co
rtic
os
tero
ne
(n
g/m
l)
stress
Time (min)
Omega 3 + ↓
Improved stress response in adolescence
Control Omega 3+ Omega 3- 0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Novel Object Recognition (NOR)
*##
Dis
cri
min
atio
n In
dex
Control Omega 3+ Omega 3- 0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8Novel Object Recognition (NOR)
#
Dis
cri
min
atio
n In
dex
Control Omega+ Omega-0
50
100
150
200Forced Swim Test (FST)
*
Imm
ob
ility
tim
e (
sec.)
Control Omega+ Omega-0
50
100
150
200Forced Swim Test (FST)
Imm
ob
ility
tim
e (
sec.)
Control Omega 3+ Omega 3-0
20
40
60
80Three Chamber Test (3CH)
Inte
ractio
n w
ith
Ob
ject
(sec.)
Control Omega 3+ Omega 3-0
100
200
300
400Three Chamber Test (3CH)
Inte
ractio
n w
ith
Mo
use
(sec.)
Control Omega 3+ Omega 3-0
50
100
150
200
250Three Chamber Test (3CH)
Inte
ractio
n w
ith
Fam
iliar
Mo
use (
sec.)
Control Omega 3+ Omega 3-0
50
100
150
200
250Three Chamber Test (3CH)
Inte
ractio
n w
ith
No
vel
Mo
use (
sec.)
Control Omega 3+ Omega 3- 0
50
100
150Three Chamber Test (3CH)
***#
Inte
ractio
n w
ith
Ob
ject
(sec.)
Control Omega 3+ Omega 3- 0
100
200
300Three Chamber Test (3CH)
###
***
Inte
ractio
n w
ith
Mo
use
(sec.)
Control Omega 3+ Omega 3- 0
50
100
150
200
250Three Chamber Test (3CH)
Inte
ractio
n w
ith
No
vel
Mo
use (
sec.)
Control Omega 3+ Omega 3- 0
50
100
150
200Three Chamber Test (3CH)
Inte
ractio
n w
ith
Fam
iliar
Mo
use (
sec.)
Diets:
n=10/group
% by weight
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