Manisha Alka

Manisha Alka

SOIL

Soil forming factors

Parent material. Material which forms soil. e.g. Colluviums and alluvium

Climate. Depend on climate. Temperature, moisture

Biological factors. Plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, humans

What soil is made ofSoil is made up of stones and pebbles, Sand, fine soil particles as well as organic substances.

How Soil is formed

. It is combined effect of Physical, Chemical Biological and anthropogenic process on soil parent material.

. These process involve additions, losses, transformations and translocation of material that compose the soil.

Types of SoilClassification depending up on the size of the particles1. Sandy soil2. Silty soil3. Loamy soil4. Peaty soil5. Chalky soil

Classification according to PH level of soil1.Acidic soil2.Alkaline soil

Types of Soil

Uses of soil

1. Agriculture nutrient base for plants2. Holds water so prevent floods and drought3. Cleans the water as percolates , filter and

purify4. Waste management5. To make articles.6. Make bricks for construction 7. To make vassals of every day use 8. To construct walls of houses of clay

Black

Yellow

Red

Copper

Colors of Soil

Erosion of Soil. Soil on the ground is eroded by rainwater falling on it.

. Soil cover is reduced and the land loss its fertility.

. To prevent erosion , soil must be kept covered.

. Grass , trees planted on it provide this cover.

. Erosion depends upon the type of the soil.

. If soil erosion is arrested soil is conserved.

Soil pollution

A disturbance in the natural balance of the various factors present in soil is called soil pollution.

By chemical fertilizers

Acid rain

Water let out from factories

Soil testing

It tells us about good qualities and shortcoming of the soil. Testing helps to find out factors like color texture and content of organic matter in soil.

Summery

The various elements in nature affect rocks and causes them to wear and form soil.

Soil is of different types based on its color and texture . The utility of the soil depends upon the type of soil.

Soil testing helps to find out the good qualities of the soil and also its shortcomings.

When the balance between the natural constituents soil is lost, soil is said to be polluted.

Reference

1.General science text book of std 8th 2.http://image.shutthttp://agverra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/soil-horizon.3.pngerstock.com/display_pichttp://www.bing.com/images/search?q=Soil&form=MSNH64&mkt=en-4.in&rf=0_with_logo/639536/639536,1286979998,1/stock-photo-clay-soil-background-62961793.jpg