Manish project on semester training
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PROJECT ON SEMESTER TRAINING ( SIX WEEKS )
REPORT ON
FEEDER BALANCING DAIRY, PATNA DAIRY PROJECT,
PATNA
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR AWARD OF DEGREE OF
BACHLOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
P.T.U.G.ZSCET, BATHINDA
SUBMITTED BY:-
MANISH KUMAR
MECHANICAL,2K10
CLG. ROLL NO-510065
UNI ROLL NO-100311129897
PATNA DAIRY PROJECT DT: 30/06/2012
TO WHOM SO EVER IT MAY CONCERN
This is certified that MANISH KUMAR, Student OF 4th Semester(mechanical branch), roll no:-100311129897, P.T.U,G.Z.S, CAMPUS, BATHINDA, has done training at FEEDER BALANCING DAIRY, PATNA DAIRY PROJECT, PATNA from
18 th MAY to 30 th JUNE 2012 . He took keen interest in learning all the activities related to DAIRY ENGINEERING and found to be performed EXCELLENT .
The organisation wishes all the success in his future career.
Manager(Engg.) ( MAHESWAR PRASAD )
VAISHAL PATLIPUTRA DUGDH UTPADAK SAHKARI SANGH LTD. Feeder Balancing Dairy complex , phulwari sharif.patna-801505
phone : 2252553, 2252542,2251622 fax: 0612-2250325 E-Mail: vpmunin@satyam.net.in
CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
SYUDY OF PLANT
BOILER SECTION
REFRIGERATION SECTION
START UP PROCEDURE
COMMON OPERATIONAL PROBLEM AND TROUBLE SHOOTING
REUSE,REUTILIZATION & MINIMIZATION OF THE WASTE WATER
STUDY OF EXISTING EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANT AT P.D.P PATNA
INTRODUCTION
India with a population of more than 100 crores is potentially one of the largest Consumer market in the world. With urbanization and development of economy, tastes and interests of the people changes according to the advance Nation. Marketing is about winning this new environment. It is about Understanding what consumer’s wants a supplying it’s more efficiently and more conveniently. The consumer market may be identified as the market for product and Service that are purchased by individuals as household for their personal consumptions. Milk is typical consumer products purchased by Individuals for many purposes primarily making tea and sweets. The market of milk is also facing a competition and many companies are floating in the market with their products with different brand names. In such a factors which influence the people choice for milk are taste and quality. So, marketing is both philosophy and technology. It is Technology because it suggests ways and means for effective production and Distribution of goods and services in the market to give maximum satisfaction to the consumer the marketing manager is responsible for both Determining and suitability of goods and services in the market to give maximum satisfaction to the consumer. The marketing manager
is responsible for both Determiningand suitability of goods and services presented by the company to the market and also determining about potential market and make better relation with retailer.
PATNA DAIRY PROJECT, SUDHA PLANT
PHULWARI SHARIF, PATNA
TECHNICAL INPUTS
at the door-step has been providing the inputs required for milk production enhancement viz.Artificial The union (VPDUSS), in addition to providing a ready and state market for therurally produced milk Insemination (AI) with Frozen Semen,
Veterinary First Aid (VFA),
Vaccination,
Supply of Balanced Cattle Feed,
Supply of Folder Seeds,
Treatment of paddy straw/wheat bhusa with Urea,
Supply of Urea Molasses Block (UMB) etc. on
No profit no loss basis
.The response from the milk producers for all these has been exceedinglyencouraging and the Union is in the process of extending these facilities to more and moreDairy Cooperative Societies and farmers.
FEEDER BALANCING DAIRY(FBD):
The Feeder Balancing Dairy(FBD)
with a capacity to handle
1.5 lakhs liter perday (LLPD),
has facilities for manufacture of
Milk powder, Butter, Ghee, Ice CreamPeda, Panner, Plain/Misti Dahi, Lassi Mattha etc.
STUDY OF PLANT
1. Raw Milk Receiving Dock
2. Process Section
3. Different section
(dahi,butter,ghee,utility,icecream,peda,packing)
4. Effluent Treatment plant (ETP)
5. Quality Control Section
PROCESS SECTION
The Raw milk is being processed with the help of clarification and homogenization system . In this section , actually two plants are being operated continuosly.
The continuous process is followed by HTST (HIGH TEMP. SHORT TIME) system for pasteurisation.
In each section important parts are sa mentioned below-
A) Balance TankB) ClarifierC) PasteurizerD) Hot water tankE) Homogenizer
Effluent Treatment Plant:
The dairy waste effluent from all above section comes to this plant.
Huge quantity of milky water mainly from receiving dock, process and packing section is drained out daily and flows to ETP. The dairy
Waste water is being added by butter, ghee and Ice-cream section.
Huge quantity of water is coming from process and engineering section.
The ETP is situated at one corner in north east of the dairy campus.
This comprises the airetion type treatment process. The carrying capacity of ETP is 50,000 litres/day.
POWER SECTION
Milk from shallow tank is concentrated in triple effect evaporaters,
This way condensed milk is formed. Now this condensed milk is seat to dryer , finally milk powder collected in bag after being converted into powder in to spray dryers.
QUALITY CONTROL SECTION
The quality of received raw milk, process milk and homogenized pasteurized milk is being checked by vigoriously as per requirement.
BOILER SECTION
The boiler used in industry is of fire tube boiler.
The fluid is used in this boiler is C.N.G gas & coal.
The vapour formed by this boiler is being used by different section
to gain heat from it such as ghee, dahi, peda, making powder & most importantly in pasteurisation of milk.
There are 3 horizontal type fire tube boiler are used in this industry.
Capacity is approx 500kg/hr evaporation for producing 1500 litres/day milk.
The different sections are joined by through pipe line to the steam generators.
Fire tube boiler
The source of heat for a boiler is combustion of any of several fuels, such as wood, coal, oil, or natural gas. Electric steam boilers use resistance- or immersion-type heating elements. Nuclear fission is also used as a heat source for generating steam, either directly (BWR) or, in most cases, in specialized heat exchangers called "steam generators" (PWR). Heat recovery steam generators (HRSGs) use the heat rejected from other processes such as gas turbines.
In fire tube boiler, hot gases pass through the tubes and boiler feed water in the shell side is converted into steam. Fire tube boilers are generally used for relatively small steam capacities and low to medium steam pressures. As a guideline, fire tube boilers are competitive for steam rates up to 12,000 kg/hour and pressures up to 18 kg/cm2. Fire tube boilers are available for operation with oil, gas or solid fuels. For economic reasons, most fire tube boilers are nowadays of “packaged” construction (i.e. manufacturers shop erected) for all fuels.
REFRIGERATION SYSTEM
In the whole process different components are used they are inlisted below:-
Kirlosker reciprocating compressor Discgarge line Oil separator Condenser Receiver Supply line Expansion valve Evaporating or cooling oil Suction line Ice bank tank
AIR AND SURFACE CONDITIONING PROCESS IN PLANT
DIAGRAM
The fuel used in compressor is FREZOL 68 OIL.
The compressor compresses d gas and passes through oil seperator through which oil seperates from condensed gas
Now it passes through condensor and get condensed the receiver collect all the condensed gas and send it to supply line. There is a expansion valve in pipe line to control the supply of condensed gas. Now there is a cooling coil or evaporator. Through suction line it again comes back to
Compressor.
Uses of cooling gas
PASTURISATION
IN ICE CREAM SECTION
DAHI SECTION
FOR AIR CONDITIONING IN OFFICERS ROOMS
IN COLD STORAGE
START UP PROCEDURE
Clean all the units of construction debis,gunny bags,wooden pieces,metal etc.
Clear all interconnecting piping of obstructions.
Tighten all bolted joints on pipeline especially suction and discharge end of pumps.
Check lubrication and free movement of agitator aerator and pump shafts by hand.
Take no load trial of equipment. Start filling the plant units starting from
screen chamber with raw water. Check free flow water of each unit and all the
structures of water tightness. Start taking effluent into the ETP. Gradually start fat removal,chemical
treatment.
COMMON OPERATION AND TROUBLE SHOOTING
Sudden variation in quality nor quantity of the effluent.
Incorrect procedure followed due to lack of sufficient operating skill.
Carelessness during power or equipment. Sludge bulking in clariflocculator Sludge bulking in secondary clarifier. Power failure in the ETP. Obnoxious odours from ETP. Odour associated with sludge bulking in
secondary clarifier.
REUSE, REUTILISATION & MINIMIZATION OF THE WASTE WATER
In aggreculture and land scape irrigation Ground water recharge with treated waste
water Cooling system water reuse
Now, waste water generating in sudha industry is quite large and thus it should minimized by this-
Source reduction Recycling
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