Manish project on semester training

PROJECT ON SEMESTER TRAINING ( SIX WEEKS )

REPORT ON

FEEDER BALANCING DAIRY, PATNA DAIRY PROJECT,

PATNA

SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR AWARD OF DEGREE OF

BACHLOR OF TECHNOLOGY

IN

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

P.T.U.G.ZSCET, BATHINDA

SUBMITTED BY:-

MANISH KUMAR

MECHANICAL,2K10

CLG. ROLL NO-510065

UNI ROLL NO-100311129897

PATNA DAIRY PROJECT DT: 30/06/2012

TO WHOM SO EVER IT MAY CONCERN

This is certified that MANISH KUMAR, Student OF 4th Semester(mechanical branch), roll no:-100311129897, P.T.U,G.Z.S, CAMPUS, BATHINDA, has done training at FEEDER BALANCING DAIRY, PATNA DAIRY PROJECT, PATNA from

18 th MAY to 30 th JUNE 2012 . He took keen interest in learning all the activities related to DAIRY ENGINEERING and found to be performed EXCELLENT .

The organisation wishes all the success in his future career.

Manager(Engg.) ( MAHESWAR PRASAD )

VAISHAL PATLIPUTRA DUGDH UTPADAK SAHKARI SANGH LTD. Feeder Balancing Dairy complex , phulwari sharif.patna-801505

phone : 2252553, 2252542,2251622 fax: 0612-2250325 E-Mail: [email protected]

CONTENT

INTRODUCTION

SYUDY OF PLANT

BOILER SECTION

REFRIGERATION SECTION

START UP PROCEDURE

COMMON OPERATIONAL PROBLEM AND TROUBLE SHOOTING

REUSE,REUTILIZATION & MINIMIZATION OF THE WASTE WATER

STUDY OF EXISTING EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANT AT P.D.P PATNA

INTRODUCTION

India with a population of more than 100 crores is potentially one of the largest Consumer market in the world. With urbanization and development of economy, tastes and interests of the people changes according to the advance Nation. Marketing is about winning this new environment. It is about Understanding what consumer’s wants a supplying it’s more efficiently and more conveniently. The consumer market may be identified as the market for product and Service that are purchased by individuals as household for their personal consumptions. Milk is typical consumer products purchased by Individuals for many purposes primarily making tea and sweets. The market of milk is also facing a competition and many companies are floating in the market with their products with different brand names. In such a factors which influence the people choice for milk are taste and quality. So, marketing is both philosophy and technology. It is Technology because it suggests ways and means for effective production and Distribution of goods and services in the market to give maximum satisfaction to the consumer the marketing manager is responsible for both Determining and suitability of goods and services in the market to give maximum satisfaction to the consumer. The marketing manager

is responsible for both Determiningand suitability of goods and services presented by the company to the market and also determining about potential market and make better relation with retailer.

PATNA DAIRY PROJECT, SUDHA PLANT

PHULWARI SHARIF, PATNA

TECHNICAL INPUTS

at the door-step has been providing the inputs required for milk production enhancement viz.Artificial The union (VPDUSS), in addition to providing a ready and state market for therurally produced milk Insemination (AI) with Frozen Semen,

Veterinary First Aid (VFA),

Vaccination,

Supply of Balanced Cattle Feed,

Supply of Folder Seeds,

Treatment of paddy straw/wheat bhusa with Urea,

Supply of Urea Molasses Block (UMB) etc. on

No profit no loss basis

.The response from the milk producers for all these has been exceedinglyencouraging and the Union is in the process of extending these facilities to more and moreDairy Cooperative Societies and farmers.

FEEDER BALANCING DAIRY(FBD):

The Feeder Balancing Dairy(FBD)

with a capacity to handle

1.5 lakhs liter perday (LLPD),

has facilities for manufacture of

Milk powder, Butter, Ghee, Ice CreamPeda, Panner, Plain/Misti Dahi, Lassi Mattha etc.

STUDY OF PLANT

1. Raw Milk Receiving Dock

2. Process Section

3. Different section

(dahi,butter,ghee,utility,icecream,peda,packing)

4. Effluent Treatment plant (ETP)

5. Quality Control Section

PROCESS SECTION

The Raw milk is being processed with the help of clarification and homogenization system . In this section , actually two plants are being operated continuosly.

The continuous process is followed by HTST (HIGH TEMP. SHORT TIME) system for pasteurisation.

In each section important parts are sa mentioned below-

A) Balance TankB) ClarifierC) PasteurizerD) Hot water tankE) Homogenizer

Effluent Treatment Plant:

The dairy waste effluent from all above section comes to this plant.

Huge quantity of milky water mainly from receiving dock, process and packing section is drained out daily and flows to ETP. The dairy

Waste water is being added by butter, ghee and Ice-cream section.

Huge quantity of water is coming from process and engineering section.

The ETP is situated at one corner in north east of the dairy campus.

This comprises the airetion type treatment process. The carrying capacity of ETP is 50,000 litres/day.

POWER SECTION

Milk from shallow tank is concentrated in triple effect evaporaters,

This way condensed milk is formed. Now this condensed milk is seat to dryer , finally milk powder collected in bag after being converted into powder in to spray dryers.

QUALITY CONTROL SECTION

The quality of received raw milk, process milk and homogenized pasteurized milk is being checked by vigoriously as per requirement.

BOILER SECTION

The boiler used in industry is of fire tube boiler.

The fluid is used in this boiler is C.N.G gas & coal.

The vapour formed by this boiler is being used by different section

to gain heat from it such as ghee, dahi, peda, making powder & most importantly in pasteurisation of milk.

There are 3 horizontal type fire tube boiler are used in this industry.

Capacity is approx 500kg/hr evaporation for producing 1500 litres/day milk.

The different sections are joined by through pipe line to the steam generators.

Fire tube boiler

The source of heat for a boiler is combustion of any of several fuels, such as wood, coal, oil, or natural gas. Electric steam boilers use resistance- or immersion-type heating elements. Nuclear fission is also used as a heat source for generating steam, either directly (BWR) or, in most cases, in specialized heat exchangers called "steam generators" (PWR). Heat recovery steam generators (HRSGs) use the heat rejected from other processes such as gas turbines.

In fire tube boiler, hot gases pass through the tubes and boiler feed water in the shell side is converted into steam. Fire tube boilers are generally used for relatively small steam capacities and low to medium steam pressures. As a guideline, fire tube boilers are competitive for steam rates up to 12,000 kg/hour and pressures up to 18 kg/cm2. Fire tube boilers are available for operation with oil, gas or solid fuels. For economic reasons, most fire tube boilers are nowadays of “packaged” construction (i.e. manufacturers shop erected) for all fuels.

REFRIGERATION SYSTEM

In the whole process different components are used they are inlisted below:-

Kirlosker reciprocating compressor Discgarge line Oil separator Condenser Receiver Supply line Expansion valve Evaporating or cooling oil Suction line Ice bank tank

AIR AND SURFACE CONDITIONING PROCESS IN PLANT

DIAGRAM

The fuel used in compressor is FREZOL 68 OIL.

The compressor compresses d gas and passes through oil seperator through which oil seperates from condensed gas

Now it passes through condensor and get condensed the receiver collect all the condensed gas and send it to supply line. There is a expansion valve in pipe line to control the supply of condensed gas. Now there is a cooling coil or evaporator. Through suction line it again comes back to

Compressor.

Uses of cooling gas

PASTURISATION

IN ICE CREAM SECTION

DAHI SECTION

FOR AIR CONDITIONING IN OFFICERS ROOMS

IN COLD STORAGE

START UP PROCEDURE

Clean all the units of construction debis,gunny bags,wooden pieces,metal etc.

Clear all interconnecting piping of obstructions.

Tighten all bolted joints on pipeline especially suction and discharge end of pumps.

Check lubrication and free movement of agitator aerator and pump shafts by hand.

Take no load trial of equipment. Start filling the plant units starting from

screen chamber with raw water. Check free flow water of each unit and all the

structures of water tightness. Start taking effluent into the ETP. Gradually start fat removal,chemical

treatment.

COMMON OPERATION AND TROUBLE SHOOTING

Sudden variation in quality nor quantity of the effluent.

Incorrect procedure followed due to lack of sufficient operating skill.

Carelessness during power or equipment. Sludge bulking in clariflocculator Sludge bulking in secondary clarifier. Power failure in the ETP. Obnoxious odours from ETP. Odour associated with sludge bulking in

secondary clarifier.

REUSE, REUTILISATION & MINIMIZATION OF THE WASTE WATER

In aggreculture and land scape irrigation Ground water recharge with treated waste

water Cooling system water reuse

Now, waste water generating in sudha industry is quite large and thus it should minimized by this-

Source reduction Recycling