Hybrid Power System
Post on 02-Oct-2015
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SustainableHybridACUPSBy
JimHeidenreich/MarkAlrutzAlphaTechnologiesInc./CommScopeInc.
TheNextGenerationCriticalFacilityIncreasedReliabilitywithRenewableEnergy
WhileMaintainingBestCostPractices
ReferenceID#0070000318DerekDiGiacomo
SCTECorporate,6105947310,ddigiacomo@scte.org SeniorDirector,InformationSystems&EnergyManagementPrograms
MerleSeeman
CommScopeEnergySolutions,6103636888,mseeman@commscope.com ProductLineManager
JimHeidenreich
AlphaTechnologies,3603922672,jheidenreich@alpha.com VPProductManagement&CustomerFulfillment
3767AlphaWay
BellinghamWA982263606472360
www.alpha.com
140PhilipsRdExton,PA193416103636888www.scte.org
1100CommScopePlSEHickory,NC286028283242200
www.commscope.com
SCTEispositionedasthegotoresourcefortechnicaloperationssurroundingpowerandavailability.Werealizetheimportanceofhardeningournetworktoensurecommunicationavailability.Takingthesixsigmaapproachofstrivingtoachievethe"59's"ofavailabilityforwebsite,network,communicationsandservicesavailability;SCTEbeganwiththefoundationofavailabilitypower.Takingtheforwardthinkingapproachwhileperformingatotalcostofownershipanalysis,SCTEselectedtopioneerahybridpowersysteminlieuoftraditionaldieselgeneratorbackuppower.CasestudiespresentedduringSCTE'sSmartEnergyManagementInitiative(SEMI)meetingsprovidedoverwhelmingevidencethatforthecriticalloadleveloflessthan2kW;solar,batteryandahydrogenfuelcellwouldbethesimplest,mostreliableandcertainlymostsustainableselectionforcriticalpowerbackupneeds.Thefollowingwhitepaperreviewstheengineeringconceptsofhowthesystemsupportsthecriticalloadinbothdaytodayoperationsaswellasduringagridoutage.Overview:TheSCTEisleadingtheindustrybyimplementingaSustainableHybridACGridtiedemergencypoweringsystemtosimultaneouslyservedualpurposes
(1)toprovideRedundantpowerforDisasterRecovery(2)tooffsetUtilityCostsusingRenewableEnergy.
ThisparticularsolutionisappropriateforSmalltoMediumsized1kWto3.5kWCriticalLoadsandTelecommunicationsDataCenters.ThePoweringSystemutilizesmultipleintegratedbackupsubsystemsasdescribedbelow.OthersystemdesignscanbesizedwithlargerACUPSGridTieinvertersupto8kWtotakefulladvantageofthe8kWFuelCellsystem.ThisHybridACUPSsystemaddressesdisasterpreparednessbyprovidingatotalautonomyof96hours(4Days)+SolarAssisttimeduringdaylighthours.TheSolarAssisttimevarieswithseasonsandsolaravailabilitysoitshouldnotbereliedupontoextendedruntimesbutdoesofferupsidetothe4Dayautonomy.
TheHybridACUPSsystemreducesoperationsexpensesbysupportingthecriticalloadwiththe2.88kWsolararrayshowninthephotobelow.Sharp235WattpanelsxQty12.
PVmodulesconvertlighttoelectricityatanatomiclevel,therearenomovingparts.SolarPanels(PVmodules)aredesignedtogenerateelectricityforthirtyyearsormore.
HybridGridTieACUPSwithFuelCell,BatteryandPhotoVoltaic(PV)Subsystems
NormalUtilityNoPVPresentPowerFlowYellow Blue
PhotoVoltaic(PV)PanelsusinganadvancedMPPT(MaximumPowerPointTracking)ChargeControllertechnologywhichprovides97%solarharvestefficiencytoprovidearenewableenergyoutputof48VoltDCpowertofeedtheGridTied/DCBackedInverter.NormalUtilitywithPVOffsetPowerFlow=Green Blue(feedstheinvertersupportingtheload) Green Yellow(excessPVbackfeedstheUtilityMeter)
2.88kWArrayproduces
12.67kW/DayintheSummer8.04kW/DayintheWinter
Incasesofanextendedgridpoweroutage,SCTEhasinstalledaCommScopehydrogenfuelcelltoprovideyetanotherlayerofreliableandcosteffectivebackuppower.Thissolutionoffersmanybenefitstoboththesocietyandtheenvironmentquiet,cleanandsustainableenergy.Hydrogenfuelcellsaredevicesthatenableadirectelectrochemicalreaction,withoutmechanicalconversionsooftenassociatedwithelectricalgeneration.TheCommScopefuelcelldeployedbySCTEutilizesProtonExchangeMembrane(PEM)fuelcelltechnology.Hydrogenisappliedtotheanodicsideofacatalystlayerwhereitisionized,allowingtheprotonstopassthroughthemembranewhiletheelectronstraveltothecathode,completingacircuit.Onthecathodicside,thehydrogeniscombinedwithoxygenfromtheair,formingpurewaterasabyproduct.ThehydrogenfuelcelldeployedislocatedinanoutdoorCommScopecabinet,soitdoesnotconsumevaluableenvironmentallycontrolledindoorarea.InthecaseofMSOfacilities,thefuelcellcanreplacelargeandcostlyUPSsystems,freeingspaceforrevenuegeneratingequipmentorsimplyreducingtheHVACloadoncriticalfacilities.TheCommScopefuelcelloutputis48VDC.ThisoutputfeedstheDCbackedinverterwhichsupportsthecriticalACload.WhentheCommScopefuelcellssystemcontrollerdetectsabatteryvoltagedropcombinedwiththeabsenceofgridpower,thefuelcellswitchesonbyopeningthesupplyofhydrogentothefuelcellstack.Givenasteadysupplyofhydrogen,thefuelcellcanruncontinuouslyforaslongasanoutageoccurs.Foran8kWload,8cylindersofhydrogenwilllast8hours.Inthiscase,SCTEhasalowerloadrequirementof1.5kW,thefuelcellwith(16)hydrogencylindersrunningwithoutsolarassistwilllastapproximately85hours.Giventhepresenceofsolarassistandbatteries,theavailabilityofthesystemismuchlonger.
PowerOutagewithFuelCellBackupPowerFlow=Purple Blue****RedshownasBridgefor90secondsuntilFuelCellstarts
ADual48VStringofAlphaCellREbatteriesprovidesa90secondbridgefortheHydrogenFuelCelltostart.(PowerFlow=Purple+Red Blue).OncestartedtheHydrogenFuelCellsuppliesthefirststageemergencybackupinunisonwithsolarassistifpresent(PowerFlow=Green+Purple Blue).IftheHydrogensourceisexhaustedthenthebatteriesprovideanadditionallastlineofruntimedefenseprovidinganadditional11hoursofemergencybackupruntime(PowerFlow=Green+Red Blue).PowerOutagewithFuelCellBackupandPVOffsetPowerFlow=Purple Blue** **Redshownas90secondBridgeforFuelCellstarts =Green Blue(PVAssisttoAugmentRuntime)
PowerOutagewithBatteryBackupOnlyPowerFlow=Red Blue
QQty248VDCStringsofAlphaCell170REBatteriesprovide11hoursbackuptimetothe1.5kWCriticalLoad
PowerOutagewithBatteryBackupandPVAssistAddedRuntimePowerFlow=Red Blue =Green Blue =Green Red(PVfeedsloadandcouldrechargebatteries)
2.88kWArrayGenerates:Summer12.32kWh/Day
=+7.8HoursRuntime@1.5kWWinter7.97kWh/Day
=+5.2HoursRuntime@1.5kW
Qty248VDCStringsofAlphaCell170REBatteriesprovide11hoursbackuptimetothe1.5kWCriticalLoad
ACommScopeCabinetbasedHydrogenFuelCellsubsystemlocatedoutsideofthebuildingwhichprovidesemergencybackuppowerduringACUtilityMainsfailurebyconvertingHydrogentoa48VoltDC.ThisoutputfeedstheDCBackedInverterwhichsupportsthecriticalload.Thecurrentloadof1.5kWwillbesupportedfor85hourswithfullyfilledHydrogentanksandnosolarassist.TheBatterybackupadds11hoursforatotalof96hours4Daysbackup.PowerOutagewithFuelCellandBatteryBackupPowerFlow=Purple Blue =Red Blue
Qty248VDCStringsofAlphaCell170REBatteries
provide11hoursbackuptimetothe1.5kWCriticalLoad
ACommScopeCabinetbasedHydrogenFuelCellsubsystemlocatedoutsideofthebuildingwhichprovidesemergencybackuppowerduringACUtilityMainsfailurebyconvertingHydrogentoa48VoltDC.ThisoutputfeedstheDCBackedInverterwhichsupportsthecriticalload.Thecurrentloadof1.5kWwillbesupportedfor85hourswithfullyfilledHydrogentanksandnosolarassist.TheBatterybackupadds11hoursforatotalof96hours4Daysbackup.DuringtheSummerthe2.88kWPVsystemwilladdapproximately19.8hours.DuringtheWinterthe2.88kWPVsystemwilladdapproximately8.34hours.PowerOutagewithFuelCell,BatteryBackupandPVAssistPowerFlow=Purple Blue =Red Blue =Green Blue
SustainableHybridACUPSThissystemaddressDisasterPreparednessbyprovidingatotalautonomyof96hours(4Days)+SolarAssisttimeduringdaylighthoursanditreducesOperationExpenses(OpEx)byutilizingrenewableenergysourcesintheprimarypoweringinfrastructure.Longerruntimeisachievableifsolarassistand/orhydrogensupplyremainavailable.SummaryCommScope8kWHydrogenFuelCell(upto85hoursofruntimeunder1.5kWload)2.8kWPhotoVoltaicSharpPanelsprovideoffsettoutilitycostsandaugmentsbackupruntime3.5(kW)OutbackDCtoACGridTiedInvertersupportscriticalloadFM80(80Amp)OutbackChargeControllerregulatesPVinputtotheDCbusQty8AlphaCell170AHREBatteriesproviding11hoursofruntimeunder1.5kWload
3767AlphaWayBellinghamWA98226
3606472360www.alpha.com
140PhilipsRdExton,PA193416103636888www.scte.org
1100CommScopePlSEHickory,NC286028283242200
www.commscope.com
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