Hotpots. An ocean trench is formed when two converging plates collide.

Hotpots

• An ocean trench is formed when two converging plates collide.

Poisonous Gases

• Hot poisonous gases make breathing impossible and people succumb quickly

Wind shear

• Wind shear is a factor in hurricane development and strength

The Coriolis effect

• Coriolis effect is not a function of gravity but of the Earth’s rotation and air movement

Troposphere

• The troposphere is the atmospheric layer where most weather takes place

recharges

• Aquifers can be recharged through snow melt and infiltration

watersheds

• The boundary between two watersheds is called a divide

10000

• Residence time in groundwater can be many thousands of years.

Gause’s principle explains that

• No two species can fill the same niche at the same time

• Gause’s principle explains that no two species can fill the same niche at the same time.

Chance alterations ins the genetic material of cell’s nucleus are known as

• Genetic drift

• Random protein breaks or other genetic changes are known as genetic drift

A species’ placement within a food chain or web is known as its

• Trophic level

• Trophic levels include producers, consumers, and decomposers

What population dynamic princilpe is described by the equation rN+^/^t

• Biotic potential

• Biotic potential is the rate of growth(r) times the number of individuals (n), which is equal to the change in the number of individuals (^n) in a population over a change in time (^t). The r component describes an individual's average role in population growth.

What tool do scientists use to study and predict changes in a population

Age-structure diagrams

• Age-structure diagrams help scientists predict trends in a specific population

Logistic growth is obtained from the equation rN(1-N/K) + ^N/^t,. Where K is

• Copyright infringement

• Change in population number over time (^N/^t) is equal to exponential growth over time (r times N) times the carrying capacity (K) of the population size (N). The term (1-N/K) stands for the relationship between N, a point in time, and K, the number of individuals supported by the environment.

All the following are pesticides except

• Odonticides

• Insecticides (kill insects), herbicides (kill plants/weeds), acaricides (kill spiders and ticks), and fungicides (kill molds a and fungus) are types of pesticides.

Old-growth forests have

Never been harvested

• Old-growth forests have wide diversity and have never been harvested.

The area needed for a population to provide for itself and dispose of its waste is called its

Ecological footprint

• Americans’ ecological footprint (10hectares/person) is larger than that of other countries

The IUCN focuses the bulk of its environment efforts on all of the following, except

• The IUCN protects hot spots from economic development

How many toxic air pollutants are released yearly from U.S. mining operations as estimated by the Environmental Protection Agency

100

• The EPA lists over 200 toxic air pollutants from U.S. mining operations yearly

Which of the following does the United States depend on for 85% of its energy

• Fossil fuels

• The United States has become increasingly dependent on fossil fuels for energy

The term for which energy’s rate of flow or the rate at which work is accomplished is

• Power

• Power is the term used to describe the rate of the flow of energy

In 1898, which scientist coined the term radioactivity

• Marie Curie

• French scientist Marie Curie coined the term radioactivity and, along with her husband Pierre, received the Nobel Prize for her work in radioactivity.

Uranium oxide, found in granite and other volcanic rocks, is also known as

• pitchblende

• Pitchblende is a common name for uranium oxide ore.

Of the 439 nuclear power plants worldwide, how many are in the United States

• 104

Nearly 25% of the nuclear power worldwide are in the United States

When nuclear core temperatures rise out of control, causing the core to melt through the Earth’s crest, it is known as

• The China syndrome

• It was feared the core would melt through all the way to china

The Staebler-Wronski effect describes

• Solar cell degradation

• Thin-film solar cells of amorphous silicon experience a 15 to 30% decreased yield when exposed to sunlight.

Electricity sent out in small amounts to nearby points where it is needed is known as

• Distributed power

Hub locations collect power and the n distribute it to nearby locations that need it

What percentage of United States power comes from geothermal energy

• 10%

• Fully 10% of our power comes from geothermal sources, mostly in the western United States.

Toxic pollutants trapped indoors and mixed with mold spores has led to

• Sick building syndrome

• Sick building syndrome increases health problems and results in more sick days off

The Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFÉ) for motor vehicles was created by the

• Energy Policy and conservation act

• To reduce fuel consumption and emissions, the CAFÉ standard requires vehicles to have an average fuel efficiency of 27.5 miles per gallon

Which of the following pH measurements from water could indicate acidic mine drainage

• pH 5.1

• A solution with a pH value of 7 neutral, while a pH value<7 is acidic and a pH value>7 is basic. Natural waters typically have a pH between 6 and 9