Transcript
GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERS
Prepared by: T. Roselyn D.C. Villanueva
1st Generation of Computer (1946 – 1957)
Thermion valves were usedBulky / heavy volume
MAJOR DRAWBACKS:
The operating speed was quite slowPower consumption was very highIt required large space for installationThe programming capability was quite low
VACCUME TUBES
- also called a electron tubes is a sealed glass or metal-ceramic enclosure used in electronic circuitry to control the flow of electrons between the metal electrodes sealed inside the tubes
- John P. Eckert, John W. Mauchly , and their associates at the Moore school of Electrical Engineering of University of Pennsylvania decided to build a high – speed electronic computer to do the job.
1946…
ENIAC
(Electrical Numerical Integrator And Calculator)
- ENIAC used 18,000 vacuum tubes, about 1,800 square feet of floor space, and consumed about 180,000 watts of electrical power.
1946…
ENIAC
(Electrical Numerical Integrator And Calculator)
- The ENIAC used in world war II for military purpose.
1946…
ENIAC
(Electrical Numerical Integrator And Calculator)
- Was made by Dr. Presper Eckert and Dr. John Mauchly in US.
1951…
UNIVAC
(Universal Automatic Computer)
- The first business used computer for Census Bureaus.
1951…
UNIVAC
(Universal Automatic Computer)
- The final cost of constructing the first UNIVAC was close to one million dollars.
1951…
UNIVAC
(Universal Automatic Computer)
2nd Generation of Computer (1958 – 1963)
Transistor was madeThe concept of CPU, memory,
programming language, input and output units were developed
Programming Language: - FORTRAN
- COBOL
- Smaller than electric tubes and have higher operating speed.
TRANSISTOR
-No filament and require no heating
-Manufacturing cost was also very low
- The first “High Level Language” that was developed in 1954 by IBM team lead by John Backus with first complier.
1954…
FORTRAN
(FORmula TRANslation)
- 2nd high level programming language that was developed by the Conference on Data Systems Languages (CODASYL).
1959…
COBOL
(COmmon Business-Oriented Language)
3rd Generation of Computer (1964 – 1970)
Integrated Circuits was usedSome of the computers developed in
this period were IBM-360, ICL-1900, IBM-370, and VAX-750
Higher level language such as BASIC was developed
- A single IC has many transistors, registers and capacitors built on a single thin slice of silicon.
Integrated Circuits(ICs)
- also known as Chips
IBM-360
ICL -1900
IBM - 370
VAX - 750
4th Generation of Computer (1971 – 1989)
Present day computersThey use LSIC built on a single silicon chip called microprocessor
Later, VLSIC replaced LSICs
ICs
LSIC
VLSIC
PC
5th Generation of Computer (1990 – to date)
The speed is extremely highIt can perform parallel processing
Artificial IntelligenceStill in a developmental stage
- The generation of computers being designed to expand the use of artificial intelligence, natural language, expert systems and online social networks.
- Commonly used in interactive game playing, language translating, expert system, and robotics.
top related