GE Wind Plant and Industry Overview - United States … Wind Plant and Industry Overview United States Energy Association GLOBAL WORKSHOP ONGRID CONNECTEDRENEWABLE ENERGY Ronald J

GE Wind Plant andIndustry Overview

United States Energy AssociationGLOBAL WORKSHOP ON GRID CONNECTED RENEWABLE ENERGY

Ronald J Brzezinski: Commercial Manager

GE EnergySeptember, 2009

2 /USEA Presentation /

September, 2009

2008 US Wind Industry Highlights

•1.25 percent of US electricity in 2008•Could be 20 percent by 2030•Over 40% of new capacity installed (8,500MW)•$17 Billion invested in economy•USA surpassed Germany - most Wind Capacity•25,000MW total US installed in 35 States•85,000 people employed in US Wind Industry

•Up from 50,000 people in 2007

Source: American Wind Energy Association (AWEA)

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September, 2009

Key to Industry Growth:

Policy, Policy, Policy (or lack of Policy)

Source:

American Wind Energy Association (AWEA)

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September, 2009

The Past…

Small industry trying to grow into mainstream

Wind turbine generators required to go off-line if grid anomaly

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September, 2009

The Present…Moving to the mainstream

Large global companies have entered wind industry

Transitioning from wind turbines to wind plants

Utilities understanding and Investing in wind

FERC, NERC, ISOs creating requirements for Wind

Units required to remain on-line if grid anomaly

�Making wind plants behave like conventional plants

�Stabilizing, Standardizing Technology

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September, 2009

The Future…Integrate generation portfolio mix

Refine wind generation scheduling & forecasting (dispatch)

Adapt regulatory mechanisms to accommodate Wind (for example, Renewable Energy Credits)

Institutionalize education/training (Community Colleges, Universities)

Industry Dynamics

2009

2030

Powering the world … responsibly

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September, 2009

Affordable, reliable & environmentally responsible

Technology diversity is critical

Driving cost of electricity down

Efficiency

Reliability

Emiss

ions

EfficientDiverse

Nuclear

Clean Coal

Gas

Wind

Oil

Geothermal

Biomass

Solar

Nuclear

Clean Coal

Gas

Wind

Oil

Geothermal

Biomass

Solar

+

Wind Turbine Generator (WTG): Overview

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September, 2009

Wind – our Fuel

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September, 2009

Principles of Wind TurbinesThe basic idea is to convert one energy form to another

KineticEnergy

Mechanical Energy

Electrical Energy

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September, 2009

GE Wind Energy Power Curves

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

0.0

1.5 3.0

4.5 6.0

7.5 9.0

10.5

12.0

13.5

15.0

16.5

18.0

19.5

21.0

22.5

24.0

Wind Speed (m/s)

kW 1.5 S

1.5 SLE

1.5 XLE

Wind Turbine Fundamentals

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September, 2009

Ship Propulsion

Velocity Cubed……Power and Speed

Wind Turbine

Power In/Out Heat Engine or

Electrical Machine

Hi Speed Shaft

And Gearbox

Low Speed Shaft

And PropRelative Fluid

Velocity

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September, 2009

Velocity Cubed……Power and Speed

To take a ship from 14 knots to 16 knots requires almost 50% more

Power. (16/14)^3 = 1.49

The same relationship applies to a wind turbine.

An average 16 knot wind farm delivers almost 50% more energy than

a 14 knot.

Therefore……….. Location, Location, Location.

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September, 2009

USA Wind Resource

Source: NREL

Wind Plant: a distributed generation system

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September, 2009

Wind Farm Basic Layout�Wind turbine generators

� Pad mounted transformers

� Power cables, control circuits, protection, and SCADA

� Substation transformer

� Point of interconnection

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September, 2009

• Minimize wake effects

– Favorable for energy capture and loads

• Minimum turbine spacing

– 7-10 D (D=Rotor Diameter) parallel to prevailing wind

– 3-5 D perpendicular to prevailing wind

Wind Direction

Reasonable Turbine Layout

Wind Turbine Generator: Installation

Installation OverviewInstallation Overview

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41 /USEA Presentation /

September, 2009

Technology that drives lower COE & higher reliability

Blades• Sweep area• Logistics• Carbon fiber

Controls• Mark VI• Load management• Model driven

Drives• Compact• High reliability• Light-weight

Reliability• Remote monitoring• Return to service• Upgrades

Wind

Technology for the next decadeTechnology for the next decade

Breakthroughtechnology

• Thin film

• Nano scale materials

• Concentrators

Solar

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September, 2009

Looking Ahead …

• Global energy demand expected to nearly double by 2030

• Increasing environmental requirements a global challenge

• Renewables is part of the solution … balanced portfolio key

GE Wind Plant andIndustry OverviewRonald J Brzezinski: Commercial Manager

GE EnergySeptember, 2009

Thank you for your attention

United States Energy AssociationGLOBAL WORKSHOP ON GRID CONNECTED RENEWABLE ENERGY