GE Wind Plant and Industry Overview United States Energy Association GLOBAL WORKSHOP ON GRID CONNECTED RENEWABLE ENERGY Ronald J Brzezinski: Commercial Manager GE Energy September, 2009
GE Wind Plant andIndustry Overview
United States Energy AssociationGLOBAL WORKSHOP ON GRID CONNECTED RENEWABLE ENERGY
Ronald J Brzezinski: Commercial Manager
GE EnergySeptember, 2009
2 /USEA Presentation /
September, 2009
2008 US Wind Industry Highlights
•1.25 percent of US electricity in 2008•Could be 20 percent by 2030•Over 40% of new capacity installed (8,500MW)•$17 Billion invested in economy•USA surpassed Germany - most Wind Capacity•25,000MW total US installed in 35 States•85,000 people employed in US Wind Industry
•Up from 50,000 people in 2007
Source: American Wind Energy Association (AWEA)
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September, 2009
Key to Industry Growth:
Policy, Policy, Policy (or lack of Policy)
Source:
American Wind Energy Association (AWEA)
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September, 2009
The Past…
Small industry trying to grow into mainstream
Wind turbine generators required to go off-line if grid anomaly
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September, 2009
The Present…Moving to the mainstream
Large global companies have entered wind industry
Transitioning from wind turbines to wind plants
Utilities understanding and Investing in wind
FERC, NERC, ISOs creating requirements for Wind
Units required to remain on-line if grid anomaly
�Making wind plants behave like conventional plants
�Stabilizing, Standardizing Technology
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September, 2009
The Future…Integrate generation portfolio mix
Refine wind generation scheduling & forecasting (dispatch)
Adapt regulatory mechanisms to accommodate Wind (for example, Renewable Energy Credits)
Institutionalize education/training (Community Colleges, Universities)
Industry Dynamics
2009
2030
Powering the world … responsibly
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September, 2009
Affordable, reliable & environmentally responsible
Technology diversity is critical
Driving cost of electricity down
Efficiency
Reliability
Emiss
ions
EfficientDiverse
Nuclear
Clean Coal
Gas
Wind
Oil
Geothermal
Biomass
Solar
Nuclear
Clean Coal
Gas
Wind
Oil
Geothermal
Biomass
Solar
+
Wind Turbine Generator (WTG): Overview
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September, 2009
Wind – our Fuel
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September, 2009
Principles of Wind TurbinesThe basic idea is to convert one energy form to another
KineticEnergy
Mechanical Energy
Electrical Energy
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September, 2009
GE Wind Energy Power Curves
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
0.0
1.5 3.0
4.5 6.0
7.5 9.0
10.5
12.0
13.5
15.0
16.5
18.0
19.5
21.0
22.5
24.0
Wind Speed (m/s)
kW 1.5 S
1.5 SLE
1.5 XLE
Wind Turbine Fundamentals
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September, 2009
Ship Propulsion
Velocity Cubed……Power and Speed
Wind Turbine
Power In/Out Heat Engine or
Electrical Machine
Hi Speed Shaft
And Gearbox
Low Speed Shaft
And PropRelative Fluid
Velocity
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September, 2009
Velocity Cubed……Power and Speed
To take a ship from 14 knots to 16 knots requires almost 50% more
Power. (16/14)^3 = 1.49
The same relationship applies to a wind turbine.
An average 16 knot wind farm delivers almost 50% more energy than
a 14 knot.
Therefore……….. Location, Location, Location.
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September, 2009
USA Wind Resource
Source: NREL
Wind Plant: a distributed generation system
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September, 2009
Wind Farm Basic Layout�Wind turbine generators
� Pad mounted transformers
� Power cables, control circuits, protection, and SCADA
� Substation transformer
� Point of interconnection
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September, 2009
• Minimize wake effects
– Favorable for energy capture and loads
• Minimum turbine spacing
– 7-10 D (D=Rotor Diameter) parallel to prevailing wind
– 3-5 D perpendicular to prevailing wind
Wind Direction
Reasonable Turbine Layout
Wind Turbine Generator: Installation
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41 /USEA Presentation /
September, 2009
Technology that drives lower COE & higher reliability
Blades• Sweep area• Logistics• Carbon fiber
Controls• Mark VI• Load management• Model driven
Drives• Compact• High reliability• Light-weight
Reliability• Remote monitoring• Return to service• Upgrades
Wind
Technology for the next decadeTechnology for the next decade
Breakthroughtechnology
• Thin film
• Nano scale materials
• Concentrators
Solar
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September, 2009
Looking Ahead …
• Global energy demand expected to nearly double by 2030
• Increasing environmental requirements a global challenge
• Renewables is part of the solution … balanced portfolio key
GE Wind Plant andIndustry OverviewRonald J Brzezinski: Commercial Manager
GE EnergySeptember, 2009
Thank you for your attention
United States Energy AssociationGLOBAL WORKSHOP ON GRID CONNECTED RENEWABLE ENERGY