Food insecurity in the Horn of Africa John Omiti (jmomiti@kippra.or.ke)jmomiti@kippra.or.ke Nancy Laibuni (nlaibuni@kippra.or.ke)nlaibuni@kippra.or.ke.

Food insecurity in the Horn of Africa

John Omiti (jmomiti@kippra.or.ke)

Nancy Laibuni (nlaibuni@kippra.or.ke)

Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and AnalysisNairobi, Kenya

Widespread Severe Droughts

Seasonal Rainfall to Annual Total (%): 1920 -1980

Source: FEWNET/USGS, 2011

1.Region is severely affected by drought.

2. Rain-fall was below average in all areas.

3.2010/11 being the driest or second driest year since 1950/51.

4.Drought is not a new challenge!

Livestock Systems – Hot Spots

Drought-affected pastoral areas in East Africa ( + urban poor).

Source: FEWNET/USGS,2011

Number of persons affected

People Requiring Humanitarian Assistance

Numbers

% of Population

Kenya 3.75 million

10

Ethiopia 4.8 million

7

Somalia 3.7 million

37

Djibouti 165,000 22Somali Refugees SourceKenya 507,000 UNHCR – August 25, 2011Ethiopia 161,000 UNHCR – August 25, 2011Djibouti 17,800 UNHCR – August 25, 2011UNOCHA estimates that across the four countries the persons in need will increased from 12.4 to 13.3 million

Some Impacts of the crisis

Children under age five

DJIBOUTI

ETHIOPIA

KENYA

SOMALIA

Severe acute malnutrition

2,895 28,233 34,280 190,000

Moderate malnutrition 16,085 n.a 91,202 97,482Source: UNOCHA, 2011

loss of livelihoods

loss of livestock

High food prices

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF THE POLITICAL ECONOMY ???

Response from Governments and Humanitarian Sources

Source: African Union , August 2011

Amount required US$M

Funding to date US$M

Deficit %

Food and Food Aid 986.8 521.1 42

Health and Nutrition 287.4 67.93 76

Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)

117.75 35.97 77

Regional Requirements (US$ million)

Kenya Somalia Djibouti Ethiopia

Amount required US$M

Funding to date US$M

Amount required US$B

Funding to date US$M

Amount required US$M

Funding to date US$M

Amount required US$M

Funding to date US$M

741 357 1.06 408 33 14 398 146

Outlook for the region

Prospects for the Region

Short term Harvest water and grow short-season crops Storage and value-addition technologies for food

crops and livestock feeds. Social Protection Measures (Emergency

Assistance)

Long term Invest in increasing productivity & Regional Trade Control population growth rates Natural resource management Better Management of Food Stocks Good governance and political stability

Thank you

Asante!