First steps towards publishing library data on the semantic web
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First steps towards publishing First steps towards publishing library data on the library data on the ssemantic emantic wwebeb
ADLUG Users Group MeetingADLUG Users Group Meeting
Venice, 29-31 October, 2008Venice, 29-31 October, 2008
ÁdámÁdám HorváthHorváth
NSZLNSZL
2 First steps towards publishing library data on the Semantic Web - Ádám Horváth - NSZL
What is semantic webWhat is semantic web
Statements that can be connected by Statements that can be connected by machinesmachines
The machines can make logical operations The machines can make logical operations on the statementon the statementss
The statements always have three partsThe statements always have three parts– Subject, predicate, objectSubject, predicate, object
The subjects are identified by URIsThe subjects are identified by URIs– Rdf:about=„http://example1.com/VanGogh”Rdf:about=„http://example1.com/VanGogh”
3 First steps towards publishing library data on the Semantic Web - Ádám Horváth - NSZL
What is semantic webWhat is semantic web
Examples of statementsExamples of statements– Van Gogh is an impressionist painterVan Gogh is an impressionist painter• This statement was published by This statement was published by WikipediaWikipedia
– The Sunflower was created by Van GoghThe Sunflower was created by Van Gogh• This statement was published byThis statement was published by a museum a museum
4 First steps towards publishing library data on the Semantic Web - Ádám Horváth - NSZL
What is semantic webWhat is semantic web
Why semantic web is good for us?Why semantic web is good for us?– A user searches for impressionist paintingsA user searches for impressionist paintings– The userThe user will find Sunflower although the will find Sunflower although the
museum has never stated that Van Gogh is an museum has never stated that Van Gogh is an impressionist painter impressionist painter
5 First steps towards publishing library data on the Semantic Web - Ádám Horváth - NSZL
What is semantic webWhat is semantic web
Formulating the statementsFormulating the statements– Resource Description Framework (RDF) Resource Description Framework (RDF)
defines how to make a statementdefines how to make a statement– Statements are also called RDF statementsStatements are also called RDF statements– RDF is still a high level definitionRDF is still a high level definition– The RDF statements can appear as XML The RDF statements can appear as XML
statement, as triples, …statement, as triples, …
6 First steps towards publishing library data on the Semantic Web - Ádám Horváth - NSZL
RDF triplesRDF triples
<http://nektar.oszk.hu/bib/8365566> dc:creator "Berneryd, Jan, 1966-„<http://nektar.oszk.hu/bib/8365566> dc:creator "Berneryd, Jan, 1966-„
<http://nektar.oszk.hu/bib/8365566> dc:creator "Sturmark, Christer, 1964-" .<http://nektar.oszk.hu/bib/8365566> dc:creator "Sturmark, Christer, 1964-" .
<http://nektar.oszk.hu/bib/8365566> dc:type <http://nektar.oszk.hu/bib/8365566> dc:type "text" ."text" .
<http://nektar.oszk.hu/bib/8365566> dc:publisher "Stockholm ; Helsingfors : Pagina," .<http://nektar.oszk.hu/bib/8365566> dc:publisher "Stockholm ; Helsingfors : Pagina," .
<http://nektar.oszk.hu/bib/8365566> dc:date <http://nektar.oszk.hu/bib/8365566> dc:date "1994 ;" ."1994 ;" .
7 First steps towards publishing library data on the Semantic Web - Ádám Horváth - NSZL
RDF XMLRDF XML
8 First steps towards publishing library data on the Semantic Web - Ádám Horváth - NSZL
What is semantic webWhat is semantic web
Storing the statementsStoring the statements– In RDF databases (e.g. Jena)In RDF databases (e.g. Jena)
Querying the databaseQuerying the database– LanguageLanguage• SPARQL (W3C standard)SPARQL (W3C standard)
Publishing the statementsPublishing the statements– Endpoint: understands SPARQL and Endpoint: understands SPARQL and
translatetranslatess it to the internal search language of it to the internal search language of the RDF database (e.g. Joseki)the RDF database (e.g. Joseki)
9 First steps towards publishing library data on the Semantic Web - Ádám Horváth - NSZL
What is semantic webWhat is semantic web
Surfing the semantic webSurfing the semantic web– MachinesMachines– Humans by the means of RDF Humans by the means of RDF bbrowsersrowsers
10 First steps towards publishing library data on the Semantic Web - Ádám Horváth - NSZL
NSZL would like to be part of the NSZL would like to be part of the semantic websemantic web
Follow the rules of Linked Data, as defined Follow the rules of Linked Data, as defined by Tim Berners-Lee in by Tim Berners-Lee in Linked Data - Design Issues, 2006Linked Data - Design Issues, 2006
Implement access to RDF data through Implement access to RDF data through HTTP content negotiationHTTP content negotiation
11 First steps towards publishing library data on the Semantic Web - Ádám Horváth - NSZL
Linked Data - four rulesLinked Data - four rules
Use URIs as names for thingsUse URIs as names for things– Info:uri:painter:VanGoghInfo:uri:painter:VanGogh
Use HTTP URIs so that people can look up Use HTTP URIs so that people can look up those namesthose names– http://example1.com/VanGoghhttp://example1.com/VanGogh
When someone looks up a name, provide When someone looks up a name, provide useful informationuseful information
Include links to other URIs so that they can Include links to other URIs so that they can discover more thingsdiscover more things
12 First steps towards publishing library data on the Semantic Web - Ádám Horváth - NSZL
HTTP URIsHTTP URIs
Every bibliographic and authority record in Every bibliographic and authority record in LibriVision will get assigned a HTTP URI, a LibriVision will get assigned a HTTP URI, a CoolUriCoolUri– http://nektar.oszk.hu/bib/XYZhttp://nektar.oszk.hu/bib/XYZ– http://nektar.oszk.hu/auth/ABC http://nektar.oszk.hu/auth/ABC
Every bibliographic record in our CMS Every bibliographic record in our CMS (called OSZKDK) has already have a (called OSZKDK) has already have a CoolUriCoolUri– http://oszkdk.oszk.hu/DRJ/404http://oszkdk.oszk.hu/DRJ/404
13 First steps towards publishing library data on the Semantic Web - Ádám Horváth - NSZL
Useful informationUseful information
Example record in the OPAC of OSZKDKExample record in the OPAC of OSZKDK
16 First steps towards publishing library data on the Semantic Web - Ádám Horváth - NSZL
Useful informationUseful information
Content negotiationContent negotiation::
http://oszkdk.oszk.hu/DRJ/404http://oszkdk.oszk.hu/DRJ/404
GET /DRJ/404GET /DRJ/404Host: oszkdk.oszk.huHost: oszkdk.oszk.huAccept: text/htmlAccept: text/html
17 First steps towards publishing library data on the Semantic Web - Ádám Horváth - NSZL
Publishing the MARC record on the Publishing the MARC record on the semantic websemantic web
The MARC record has to be translated into The MARC record has to be translated into semantic web statementssemantic web statements
Namely into RDF Dublin Core (RDFDC) Namely into RDF Dublin Core (RDFDC) statementsstatements– RDFDC is defined by DCMIRDFDC is defined by DCMI
RDFDC has to RDFDC has to be be stored in a RDF database stored in a RDF database (e.g. Jena/Joseki)(e.g. Jena/Joseki)
Content negotiation has to be set upContent negotiation has to be set up
18 First steps towards publishing library data on the Semantic Web - Ádám Horváth - NSZL
Publishing the MARC record on the Publishing the MARC record on the semantic websemantic web
Content negotiation:Content negotiation:
http://oszkdk.oszk.hu/DRJ/404http://oszkdk.oszk.hu/DRJ/404
GET /DRJ/404GET /DRJ/404Host: oszkdk.oszk.huHost: oszkdk.oszk.huAccept: application/rdf+xmlAccept: application/rdf+xml
19 First steps towards publishing library data on the Semantic Web - Ádám Horváth - NSZL
ExampleExampless in an RDF browser in an RDF browser
22 First steps towards publishing library data on the Semantic Web - Ádám Horváth - NSZL
Links to other URIsLinks to other URIs
24 First steps towards publishing library data on the Semantic Web - Ádám Horváth - NSZL
Authority recordsAuthority records
RDF formatRDF format– Simple Knowledge Organization System Simple Knowledge Organization System
(SKOS)(SKOS)NSZL has already converted the followings NSZL has already converted the followings
into this formatinto this format– Name authorityName authority– Geographical names thesaurusGeographical names thesaurus– Subject term thesaurusSubject term thesaurus
25 First steps towards publishing library data on the Semantic Web - Ádám Horváth - NSZL
SKOS exampleSKOS example<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:skos="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#" xmlns:skos="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#" <skos:Concept rdf:about="http://dev.oszkdk.oszk.hu/auth/1705"><skos:Concept rdf:about="http://dev.oszkdk.oszk.hu/auth/1705"><skos:inScheme <skos:inScheme
rdf:resource="http://www.oszk.hu/authority/person"></skos:inScherdf:resource="http://www.oszk.hu/authority/person"></skos:inScheme>me>
<skos:prefLabel>Jókai Mór</skos:prefLabel><skos:prefLabel>Jókai Mór</skos:prefLabel><skos:altLabel>Jókai Maurus</skos:altLabel><skos:altLabel>Jókai Maurus</skos:altLabel><skos:altLabel>Jokajus, Moras</skos:altLabel><skos:altLabel>Jokajus, Moras</skos:altLabel><skos:altLabel>Sajó</skos:altLabel><skos:altLabel>Sajó</skos:altLabel></skos:Concept></skos:Concept></rdf:RDF></rdf:RDF>
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