[Exposicion] Computer and Internet Crime

Computer Crime

Germán TeránSocial Communication Student

Universidad de LimaPerú

tersamge@hotmail.com

Another Jurisdiction?

Structure

• Crime history• Types of crime• Another types of crime• Special crime adv. Found on internet.• National & International Efforts + Cb.crime

Future.• Conclusion

Crime & Cybercrime

• Crime– Engaging in conduct that

has been outlawed by a particular society.

– Harm to: Individuals, property, government and morality.

• Cybercrime– Differ in the tool: guns

are change for computers.

Cybercriminals + computer technology = difficulties to apply the law.

not only real-world crimes by using computers…

DDoS attack

• Distributed Denial of Service.– Harm upon property by shutting down a website.– The attack doesn’t fit in conceptual category the law has devised to deal

with crime.

Emergence of cybercrime

• 1950- word “hack” is use to refer to creative college pranks and migrate to computer culture.

• 1960- first published accounts of computers being used illegally.– Crimes committed by insiders.

• 1969- ARPANET link computers in hundred of universities.

• 1980- Personal networked computer .– Hackers were up to no good.

Phone Phreaking

• Manipulating the telephone system– Provide free long-

distance service.– Prosecuted under

existing law (fraud or theft)

– Phone phreaks move on to hacking in the 1980s

Meanwhile…

• First civilian bulletin board system on-line in Chicago. Some engaged in darker activities.

• 1984- Hacker groups appear. Legion Of Doom (LOD), Masters of deception (MOD), etc. War startetd.

• 1988- Robert Tappan Morris released the first Internet worm.

Robert Tappan – Morris worm

Mark Abene (MOD)Chris Goggans (LOD)

Hacking

• Kevin Poulsen jumped from Phone phreak to hacking.

• Attacks to Pacific Bell Telephone Company and federal government installations.

• Apprehended in 1991-Charges: accessed device fraud, conspiracy, wiretapping, computer fraud, mail fraud, money laundering and espionage.

Kevin Mitnick was the first hacker included in FBI’S MOS WANTED list.

Kevin Poulsen

Malware

• Robert Tappan Morris “invented” the network malware.• He demostrate how quickly malware can spread from system to system.• 1999- Melissa is the first mass-mailing computer virus.• At first malware was not addresss by local criminal law.

Theft

• 1994- Vladimir Levin siphoned millions of dollars from Citibank accounts.

• Use of computers technology to obtain funds belonging to someone else.

• Traditional crime in a no traditional way.

Vladimir Levin

China: Song Chenglin used a computer at an Internet Café to hack 158 accounts at the ICBC

Fraud

• “Official” fraud– Transfer millions

• Lottery fraud– “Won” the lottery

• Internet auction fraud– Factory direct products

• Identity theft• Specific legislation is not needed.

Child Pornography

• Internet provides less risk of being identified.

• Highly organized, global subculture.

• Many of them are in countries where child pornography is not a priority for law enforcement.

• What is child pornography? Definition of child.

Extortion

• Same dynamic as in real-world• Threaten to reveal sensitive information of an online business.• DDoS Attack to Casinos.• Will eventually be directed to bigger organizations.

Cyberterrorism

• Terrorism: Commission of criminal acts for political motives.

• Has involved the use of methods of physical destruction.

• USA Patriot ACT– Hacking, cracking, extortion, fraud and malware.

Warning

Korean Warning on the internet

Internet Homicide

• Distribution of Hardcore and Snuff Movies• A face to face date with online friend can turn deadly.• Consensual homicide.

Rotenburg Cannibal

• Germany .- March 9, 2001.– Armin Meiwes (Cannibal) – Bernd Jürgen Brandes (Victime)

• Armin post a message on “The Cannibal Café” website.• Documentary: http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=1299254578438715427

Internet Suicide

• Suicide pact made on internet.• Most of cases have ocurred in

Japan.– Some of them are also in China,

South Korea, Germany, USA, etc.

• Traditional suicide pacts involved older peole (50-60 years old)

• Internet suicide pact now involve young people, usually teenagers.

Check this link for more information: http://www.espacoacademico.com.br/044/44eueno_ing.htm

Online Mercenaries

• Found by searching material for this presentation.

• http://club.telepolis.com/servmerc/index.htm

+ =

PC + Internet = Cybercrime legislation far more imperative

National & International Efforts

• First Wave (privacy)– Sweden (1973) ; USA (1974); Federal Republic of German (1977); Austria,

Denmark, France and Norway (1978), etc.• Second Wave (property)

– Italy (1978); UK (1981,1990); USA (1980s); Canada and Denmark (1985), etc.

• Third Wave (intellectual property)• Convention on Cybercrime

– Ensuring that countries adopt procedural laws.– International cooperation.– Harmonizing national cybercrime law.– Domestic law criminalizes: Attacks on PC data or system; Pc tech. to commit

fraud or forgery; Pc tech. to create Child Pornograpy.; infringe copyright.

Cybercrime: the future

• Two main trends:– Professionalization of Cybercrime (creation of cybermafias, similar to

italian families in early of US history).– Increasing the automization of Cybercrime.

Clever cybercriminals can enjoy the benefits of criminal organization without its disadvantages.

Definitely this is another arena for human activity. But, is it legally another jurisdiction?

This seems to be more than a study case because all we studied in Information Society class can turn into a crime activity

What can we do?