Enhancing Institutional Capacities for Urban Management Vinod Tewari Director National Institute of Urban Affairs vtewari@niua.org.
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Enhancing Institutional Capacities for Urban
Management
Vinod TewariDirector
National Institute of Urban Affairs
http://niua.org
vtewari@niua.org
vtewari@niua.org
Who Manages the Cities?
Urban management is not exclusive responsibility of municipal governments
There are other bodies: – Parastatals– Development authorities– Special purpose boards and corporations– Private bodies
vtewari@niua.org
New Challenges in Urban Management Large concentrations of populations Opening up of economies Provisions of constitution 74th amendment Large number of urban poor Inadequate financial resources Complexities of urban situations
vtewari@niua.org
Major Issues
Limited technical expertise Almost negligible managerial capacities Outdated systems and procedures Lack of transparency Accountability is not enforced Inefficiency No cooperation and coordination among various
agencies and civil society
vtewari@niua.org
Capacity Building Requirements
Training – About 4000 municipal governments– About 70,000 elected representatives– Large number of municipal officials– Employees of development authorities and special
purpose corporations– Private sector– Community groups– Citizens
vtewari@niua.org
Capacity Building Requirements
Information systems– Land use– Cadastral– Land records– Poverty related data– Tax-related data– Budgeting and accounting
vtewari@niua.org
Capacity Building Requirements
Systems and procedures– Planning process (CDS/MasterPlan)– Financial, accounting, and audit systems– Project development, appraisal and monitoring– Personnel systems– Tax administration– Collection of taxes and user charges– Citizens charter
vtewari@niua.org
Strategy for Training
Training must respond to national and state agenda
Training should be linked with programmes and projects
Training should be demand-driven not thrust Different packages for different groups Training should be followed up by on-site
projects
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Key Areas of Training
Municipal government/para-statal officials– Municipal finance and accounting– Management of urban services– Urban infrastructure financing– Municipal resource mobilisation– Privatization, pricing and cost recovery– Urban environment management– Pro-poor city planning– Municipal information system
vtewari@niua.org
Key Areas of Training
Elected members– Urbanization– Policy issues and strategies– Pricing and cost recovery– Poverty alleviation strategies
Private sector– Government policies– Legislations– Regulatory frameworks
vtewari@niua.org
Key areas of Training
Citizens– City planning process– Role of various agencies involved in urban
management– Citizens rights and responsibility– Community participation– Citizen’s charters– Pricing and cost recovery
vtewari@niua.org
Improving Urban Management Through ITAmong the various efforts required for
capacity building for urban governance and management, the most essential step is:
Taking state-of-the-art information technology and applying it to various operations and functions of municipal governments for improving their efficiency and financial viability
vtewari@niua.org
Make Cities Computable
Convert all data, systems and procedures of governance and management in machine readable form– Demographic, socio-economic, landuse, land values,
property characteristics, utilities, traffic flows, etc– Systems of finance and accounts, human resources,
sanctions, approvals etc
Develop, maintain, and use information and decision support systems
vtewari@niua.org
Make Cities Wired
Improved communications Bringing the planners, managers, clients,
service providers, and users closer together Providing new and innovative ways for
addressing problems and solutions Sharing information / increasing its power Transacting the business of governance and
management
vtewari@niua.org
Spatial Dimension of Cities
Most urban phenomena have spatial dimension
Similar activities and social groups tend to cluster together in space
Space provides site and acts as separator for urban elements
Space also provides means to overcome separation
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Existing Spatial Information
Fragmented Incomplete Unreliable Out-of-date Inaccessible Not computable Not linked to other information
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The GIS Technology
Makes enormous information - both spatial and non-spatial - easily accessible
Connects spatial and attribute (non-spatial) information
Makes updating of information a simple task Provides inputs for planning and DSS Provides base for other value-added systems
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The Mirzapur Case
An attempt in IT application in urban management
To restore municipal administration and basic services
Part of Indo-Dutch project under the Ganga Action Plan
Small town (200,000 Pop) Difficulties of large towns
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Available Spatial Data
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Required Form of Spatial Data
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Non Spatial Data
All data are not available Some data to be generated through surveys High efforts in updating compared to spatial
data Security Use of quantitative models
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Wiring the City
Telephones Optical Fibre/Coaxial Cables/ISDN VSAT (for dedicated high speed
connectivity) Internet Intranet/Extranet Teleconferencing
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Information Dissemination
National level clearing house of information To provide information on urban sector to
interested individuals and organisations Product
– CD ROMs, – Diskette, – Down loadable files– Website
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•Databases
Documents City Profiles Resource Institutions Case studies News and Events Infrastructure Projects
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•Sample Template
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•Sample Template
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