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Sweat electrolyte concentrations are not predictive of hydration status or sweating rate
Sweat metabolite concentrations are not a reliable biomarker for exercise intensity or other physiological stressors
Glucose, cytokine, and cortisol research is too limited to suggest that sweat is a useful proxy for blood
Lactate (derived from sweat gland metabolism)
Trace minerals, amino acids, cortisol (contamination derived from skin cells)
Urea, ammonia, cytokines (derived from sweat gland metabolism and skin cells)
Sodium, chloride, bicarbonate (because of reabsorption in the sweat gland duct)
Glucose, cytokines, cortisol (because of limitations in transport across/between cells of the sweat gland)
GSSI REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS DETERMINING ECCRINE SWEAT COMPOSITIONLINDSAY B. BAKER AND ANTHONY S. WOLFE
Solutes that appear in sweat at higher concentrations than that of blood:
Solutes that are relatively dilute (less concentrated) in sweat vs. blood:
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Sweat flow rate
Byproducts of sweat gland metabolism
Skin surface contamination
Eccrine Gland
Eccrine Gland
Apocrine Gland
Sebaceous Gland
Secretions from apocrine and sebaceous glands
Some ions reabsorbed in the proximal duct
Mechanisms of primary sweat secretion in the secretory coil
Baker LB and AS Wolfe. Eur J Appl Physiol 2020. Doi: 10.1007%2Fs00421-020-04323-7The authors are employed by the Gatorade Sports Science Institute, a division of PepsiCo, Inc. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of PepsiCo, Inc.
CAN SWEAT BE USED AS A PROXY FOR BLOOD
OR AS A BIOMARKER FOR NUTRITIONAL OR
PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS?
IN MOST CASES, NO, BECAUSE SWEAT
COMPOSITION IS INFLUENCED NOT ONLY BY
BLOOD SOLUTE CONCENTRATIONS BUT ALSO….
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