VISIT GSSIWEB.COM FOR MORE FUELING ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE FOR MORE INFORMATION, SEE THE PAPER ON WHICH THIS INFOGRAPHIC IS BASED, FOUND IN THE FOLLOWING REFERENCE: Link to Full text ® Sweat electrolyte concentrations are not predictive of hydration status or sweating rate Sweat metabolite concentrations are not a reliable biomarker for exercise intensity or other physiological stressors Glucose, cytokine, and cortisol research is too limited to suggest that sweat is a useful proxy for blood Lactate (derived from sweat gland metabolism) Trace minerals, amino acids, cortisol (contamination derived from skin cells) Urea, ammonia, cytokines (derived from sweat gland metabolism and skin cells) Sodium, chloride, bicarbonate (because of reabsorption in the sweat gland duct) Glucose, cytokines, cortisol (because of limitations in transport across/between cells of the sweat gland) GSSI REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS DETERMINING ECCRINE SWEAT COMPOSITION LINDSAY B. BAKER AND ANTHONY S. WOLFE Solutes that appear in sweat at higher concentrations than that of blood: Solutes that are relatively dilute (less concentrated) in sweat vs. blood: KEY TAKEAWAYS Sweat flow rate Byproducts of sweat gland metabolism Skin surface contamination Eccrine Gland Eccrine Gland Apocrine Gland Sebaceous Gland Secretions from apocrine and sebaceous glands Some ions reabsorbed in the proximal duct Mechanisms of primary sweat secretion in the secretory coil Baker LB and AS Wolfe. Eur J Appl Physiol 2020. Doi: 10.1007%2Fs00421-020-04323-7 The authors are employed by the Gatorade Sports Science Institute, a division of PepsiCo, Inc. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of PepsiCo, Inc. CAN SWEAT BE USED AS A PROXY FOR BLOOD OR AS A BIOMARKER FOR NUTRITIONAL OR PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS? IN MOST CASES, NO, BECAUSE SWEAT COMPOSITION IS INFLUENCED NOT ONLY BY BLOOD SOLUTE CONCENTRATIONS BUT ALSO….