Dry Cow Therapy, Mastitis and Milk - Enhancement

Dry Cow Therapy, Mastitis and Milk -

EnhancementTherapeutic treatment with casein hydrolyzate eradicate effectively bacterial

infection in treated mammary quarters in cows

Doron Tiomkin, Hchaklait, , Hchaklait, Veterinarian Services, Israel.Veterinarian Services, Israel.

Adin Swhimmer,,

CentralCentral Laboratory for Udder Health, IsraelLaboratory for Udder Health, Israel..

Nissim Silanikove, Agricultural Research , Agricultural Research Organization, Institute of Animal Science, Israel.Organization, Institute of Animal Science, Israel.

Gabriel Leitner, The Veterinary Institute, Israel, The Veterinary Institute, Israel

Jose Iscovich, Mileutis Ltd., Mileutis Ltd.

Histology of gland treated with casein hydrolyzate (CNH) vs. non-treated gland

Control GlandTreated Gland

CNH in Goats: Precipitous drying of milk secretion only in the treated gland

Silanikove et al, Life Sci., 2002

The Physiological Basis

Dramatic activation of the innate immune system within 8 hours

Secretion of large number of activated neutrophils.

Enhanced secretion of immunoglobulins.

Formation of bactericide environment:Secretion of antimicrobial proteins and free radicals formation.

Drastic reduction in lactose and citrate concentration: elimination of food for bacteria.

Treatment procedures

Repeat the treatment twice over two days.

Don’t milk between treatments.

After the last treatment the gland is not milked until the next lactation.

Evacuate the treated gland and infuse the drug into the cistern.

Clinical mastitis with Arcanobacterium pyogenes

Antibiotic treatment is not effective.

The common treatment is to cut the teat in order to drain the infection or to treat with chlorhexidine or povidone - iodine.

Without treatment the infection might spread and become lethal.

To pour or not to pour

SCC (×1000) before treatment and 15 to 60 days after treatment in 45 cows

Note: SCC-PRE denotes pre-treatment somatic cell counts; SCC-POST denotes post-treatment somatic cell count. Pooled across herds (n=10) and period, 2001-2003.

Somatic Cell Counts

Pathogens Number SCC - PREAverage

SCC - POSTAverage

Staphylococcus aureus 5 1,235.2 147.4

All Streptococcus 17 3,357.4 262.3

Escherichia coli 7 1,781.2 275.4Arcanobacterium pyogenes 10 1,465.1 145.6

Others 6 3,283.5 226.7

All:Average SCC 2,210.2 205.0Standard deviation 2,374.3 170.2

SCC (×1000) frequencies after treatment with CNH

Stage 0 – 200 201 – 400 >401

Clinical 22% 8% 0

Subclinical 40 % 22% 8%

Total 62% 30% 8%

SCC (×1000) frequencies after treatment with CNH in the

following lactation

Reminder : pretreatment average SCC was 2,210.2

100 25.9%

101 - 200 33.3%

201 - 400 25.9%

401 14.8%

Bacterial cure in cows treated with CNH

433Total

08Others

010 pyogenesA .

14E. coli

26All Streptococcus

15S. aureus

Detected microorganism after

treatment

Detected microorganism before

treatment

Cure rate of 88.87 %P > .05

Ontogenesis of milk production in cows treated with CNH

Pooled across herds (n=10) and period, 2001-2003.

26

30

34

38

Average30 - 59

days priorto

treatment

Average 0-29

days priorto

treatment

Average 0 - 29

days aftertreatment

Average30 - 59

days aftertreatment

Milk

yie

ld, L

/d

Dry period and new infections

"For every 5 kg increase in milk yield at dry-off above 12.5 kg, the odds of a cow having an environmental intramammary infection at calving increased at least by 77%".

Rajala-Schultz et al.; J Dairy Sci 2005; 88; 577-9

The risk of new intramammary infections might be reduced if milk production decreased prior to dry off, the udder involuted rapidly, and the teat canal closed in a timely manner".

R.T. Dingwell et al. 2001; National Mastitis Council Annual Meeting Proceedings, pp. 69-79; NMC, Verona, Wisconsin

Dry off treatment: CNH vs. antibiotics SCC values

840

307

172 157

0

200

400

600

800

1000

CNH n=11 Antibiotics n=33

SC

C (

,00

0)

Before treatment After treatment

Dry off treatment – infections in subsequent lactation

45%100%100% Non infected

post-treatment

2002CNS

1001 .coliE

0001S. uberis

1000 .chromogS

2004S. dysgalactia

0003S. aureus

Detected DIFFERENT

microorganism 60-89 days after

calving .

Detected SAME microorganism 60-89 days after

calving .

Detected SAME microorganism, 0-59 days after

calving .

Detected microorganism

before treatment

0 50 100 150 200 250 30010

20

30

40

50

60

70 Lactation: First (14,773 L) Second (10,614 L) Third (after treatment)

Milk

yie

ld (

L)

Days in milk

Cow 2425

0 50 100 150 200 250 30010

20

30

40

50

60

70

Milk

yie

ld (

L)

Days in milk

Lactation: First (12,460 L) Second (10,639 L) Third (12,106 L) Forth (after treatment)

Cow 2331

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110

38.5

39.0

39.5

40.0

40.5

41.0

41.5

42.0

42.5

43.0

43.5

44.0

44.5

45.0

100% were bacterial free with SCC < 200,000

All cows were infectedat end of lactation

Milk yield during the first 100 days in lactation in the year before and after dry period treatment

Milk

yie

ld, L

/d

Days in milkingValues were corrected for lactation number

3.7 Liter\d increase9.36%

3.2 Liter\d increase7.8%

Mean milk yield increase during first 100 days of lactation

34

36

38

40

42

44

46

100 post calving daysof previous lactation

100 post calving daysafter treatment

Mil

k y

ield

, L

\d

Control n=33 Treated n=11

12.1%-17.24% increase4% difference

Conclusions

CNH is effective as a dry period treatment: eradicates existing infections, prevents new infections and lowers SCC.

CNH gained high rate of bacterial cure, with secretion of milk with low SCC during the next lactation cycle.

CNH improve dramatically milk hygiene immediately, without the need to discard milk from the uninfected gland.

CNH is effective where no alternative treatments exist.

CNH shortens the dry cow period treatment .

CNH increases milk yield.