Transcript
الداء الداء السكريالسكري
Diabetes Diabetes mellitusmellitus
قراءة سريعةQuick review
الزمالء: محمد النعسان - مضر شاالتي دو- مصطفى دا
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•What’s Diabetes?•Symptoms•Causes•Diabetes Pathophysiology•Types of Diabetes•Cure and Therapy•Complications•Anti-Diabetic Drugs
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Headlines
DefinitionDefinition
Diabetes:is abnormal elevation in BLOOD
glucose >126 mg%
SymptomsSymptoms األعراضاألعراض
PolyuriaPolyuriaالبوالةالبوالة
PolydipsiaPolydipsia
العطاشالعطاشpolyphagiapolyphagiaالجوعالجوع
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نسبة السكر عالية في الدم
الداء السكري؟ الداء السكري؟ي أسبابي أسبابماهماه
انخفاض إفراز اإلنسولين
مقاومة لتأثير اإلنسولين
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Types of DiabetesTypes of Diabetesأنواع الداء السكريأنواع الداء السكري
Type 1
Type 2
Gestational diabetes
Autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic beta cells.
Insulin resistance → high amounts of insulin → beta cells are unable.
The hormones of pregnancy can cause insulin resistance.
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Glucose Absorption and Insulin Function
امتصاص الغلوeكوز ووظيفة اإلنسولين
Blood stream
Tissues
• Stomach converts the food to glucose, then the glucose inter the blood stream and the pancreas respond and secrete insulin.
Insulin
Glucosehttp://groups.yahoo.com/group/
aleppopharmacy16/
Glucose Absorption and Insulin Function
امتصاص الغلوeكوز ووظيفة اإلنسولين
Blood stream
Tissues
• Stomach converts the food to glucose, then the glucose inter the blood stream and the pancreas respond and secrete insulin.
Insulin
Glucosehttp://groups.yahoo.com/group/
aleppopharmacy16/
Diabetes Type 1:
Destruction of β-Cells—< NO INSULIN
Glucose Absorption and Insulin Function
امتصاص الغلوeكوز ووظيفة اإلنسولين
Blood stream
Tissues
• Stomach converts the food to glucose, then the glucose inter the blood stream and the pancreas respond and secrete insulin.
Insulin
Glucosehttp://groups.yahoo.com/group/
aleppopharmacy16/
Diabetes Type 2:
Resistance to insulin’s effect!
Cure and TherapyCure and Therapyالمداواة والعالجالمداواة والعالج
Type 1
Type 2
Gestational diabetes
only with injected insulin.(although dietary)
combination of dietary treatment, tablets and injections
resolves with delivery of the child
Chronic conditions
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ComplicationsComplicationsالمضاعفاتالمضاعفات
Acuteحادة
Chronicمزمنة
“may occur if the disease is not adequately controlled”•Hypoglycemia.
• DKA.“Diabetic ketoacidosis”
• Coma.
•Cardiovascular diseases.
• Renal failure.
• Retinal damage.
•Nerve damage.
•Poor healing of wounds → gangrene.http://groups.yahoo.com/group/
aleppopharmacy16/
Anti-diabetic DrugsAnti-diabetic Drugsمضادات السكريمضادات السكري
• Biguanides (Metformin).• Thiazolidinedions. (TZDs) Rosiglitazone, Pioglitazone, Troglitazone.•Sulphonyl Ureas.
Glipizide, Gliclazide, Glibenclamide, Gliquidone. • α -Glucosidase Inhibitors.
Acarbose, Miglitol.• Insulin.
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Mechanism of Action of Mechanism of Action of TZDsTZDs
nucleus
Cell
proteins that decrease insulin resistance
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PPAR
TZD
Mechanism of Action of Sulphonyl Mechanism of Action of Sulphonyl UreaUrea
Ca2+ Sulphonyl urea
K+ K-Channel
Blood stream
Insulin
Pancreas
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Ca-Channel
Mechanism of Action of Mechanism of Action of alphaalpha--Glucosidase InhibitorsGlucosidase Inhibitors
Blood stream
Intestinal Cell
Glucose
α-glucosidaseabsorpti
on
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Polysaccharides
acarbose
The Endعمل الزمالء: مصطفى داود، محمد النعسان، مضر
شاالتيالفئة الخامسة
إشراف: أ. حازم عقادد. أيمن نعال
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