Demand Response. Delivered. · 2019. 5. 31. · 0131 221 8100 © Copyright Flexitricity Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved. Aunt Sally’s Island = 1500MW load 500MW 100% 500MW 100% .

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DemandResponse.Delivered.

HEADING HERE

ElectricitystorageEarningfromflexibility

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Flexitricityinanutshell

•  LeaderinI&Cdemandresponse

•  >7,800demandresponseevents

•  Industrial,commercial,publicsector

•  CHP,load,diesel,hydro,UPS,storage

•  24-houroperaNons•  Fullyautomated•  1sto30minuteresponse

•  PosiNveandnegaNvereserve

•  InnovaNve

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Electricitybalancing

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Timescalesofflexibility

Sustain time

Days

Hours

Minutes

Seconds

Response time

Market trading

Sub-second Seconds Minutes Hours Days

Operating reserve (margin)

Peak charges

Grid trading

Spinning metal Steam

Pumped storage

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Flexibleandinflexible

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Nuclearfailure,January2009

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000Transm

ission

system

dem

and(M

W)

Saturday3rdJanuary2009

France

OCGT(gasoil)

PumpedStorage

Wind

Hydro

Oil

CCGT(gas)

Coal

Nuclear

Nuclearpowerstationfailedat 16:34;632MWgeneration lost

STORcallreceivedat16:38Flexitricity startedgenerationinsameminute;fullpowerby16:43

Daypeak17:15 - 17:20

STORceasereceivedat17:46

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Tilbury,February2012

Source: Daily Mirror

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InterconnexionFrance-Angleterre

IFA single bipole failure at 14:03:19

National mains frequency falls

rapidly to 49.6Hz

Frequency fall detected – site responded in one second

Site reconnected after 30 minutes

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Longannet/SizewellB,May2008

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Wind/PV,September2016

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748

MW

Se1lementPeriod

DutchIC

FrenchIC

Other

Hydro(non-ps)

PS

Wind

Nuclear

Coal

CCGT

Coal coming on for peak

800 MW wind curtailed

DTU Call

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Constrainednetworks,flexiblecustomers?

What if a feeder fails? Firm capacity (N+1 security)

Heat wave

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Thevaluestack

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Valuesourcesforflexibleresources

Capacity Market

Frequency and inertia response

Short term operating reserve Day-ahead trading

Balancing mechanism

Local network peaks

Behind-the-meter

Trans-European Replacement

Reserves Exchange Voltage management

Tria

ds

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Whybaeeriesaredifferent

Strengths•  Veryfast•  Two-sidedcapability•  Powerelectronics•  “Contained”projects•  Nolocalemissions

Weaknesses•  LimitedrunNme•  Can’tspendlongdischarged•  SoCmanagement•  Needlong-termrevenues•  Regulators,governments

don’treallyunderstandbaeeries

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Servicedetails

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Direct•  Extremelycomplex•  Respectdeadlines•  ManageSPDs•  ManageALFCO•  Tenderseparatelyforother

valuestreams•  MulNpledirectcontracts•  100%ofsub-opNmalvalue

Aggregator•  Dealswithcomplexity•  Dealswithdeadlines•  DealswithSPDs•  Porlolioeffect•  IdenNfiesandpursuesother

valuestreams•  Onecontractwithaggregator•  %shareofopNmalvalue

Capacity Market

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Ques<onstoask•  WhereshouldIputit?•  Pre-orpost-fault?•  Whatelseisthere?•  Summerorwinter?•  DNO/TSOinteracNon?

Whythesema1er•  LocaNon,locaNonlocaNon•  DuraNon,speed,reliability•  Workwithotherresources?•  Whattodoforrestofyear?•  Avoidconflicts

Local network peaks

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Frequencyresponse•  EFR,FFR,FCDM•  Respondtofrequency•  Manyflavours

–  Dynamic/staNc–  Low/high–  Enhanced/primary/secondary

•  LocaNondoesn’tmaeer•  Limitedrequirement

–  OnlyNaNonalGrid–  Lessatpeak,moreatnight–  Circa1.8GW

Iner<aresponse•  Pre-commercial•  Respondtodf/dt(RoCoF)•  Manyflavours

–  Dynamic/staNc–  Low/high–  Willalwaysbefast

•  LocaNonmaeers•  Limitedrequirements

–  OnlyNaNonalGrid–  Lessatpeak,moreatnight

Frequency and inertia response

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Flows

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Valueflow

Flexible resource

Electricity supplier

Energy markets

MWh and energy payments

Aggregator

National Grid

Service payments (MW, MWh, MWs…)

DNO

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InformaNonflow

Flexible resource

Electricity supplier

Energy markets

Aggregator

National Grid DNO

Predictions Positions Profiles

Prices Measurements Capability Schedules

Despatch

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Conclusions

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Conclusions•  It’scomplicated

–  ManyopportuniNes–  Valuemovesaround–  Compliancenotstraighlorward

•  Youcanstackvalue–  Allowed:CM+energy+oneserviceataNme–  Notallowed:frequencyresponse+STOR+triads+++

•  Thefuture’sinteres<ng–  InerNaservices–  BalancingmarketandTERRE

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Extraslides

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AuntSally’sIsland

= 1500MW load

500MW 100%

500MW 100%

500MW 100%

0MW 0%

Four 500MW power stations supply a 1500MW load

CO2 emissions 540 tonnes/hour

System status NOT secure

Margin None. System fails.

Cost of margin (hour) 0 tonnes/MW/hour

Cost of margin (annual) 0tonnesCO2/MW

375MW 75%

375MW 75%

375MW 75%

375MW 75%

CO2 emissions 595 tonnes/hour

System status SECURE

Margin 500MW

Cost of margin (hour) 0.11 tonnes/MW/hour

Cost of margin (annual) 965tonnesCO2/MW