Transcript
8/3/2019 Construct Ti On Safety Management
1/18
DRAFT
Code of Practice for
CONSTRUCTIONHEALTH & SAFETY
MANAGEMENT
SYSTEMS
***WORKING DRAFT***20/11/02
8/3/2019 Construct Ti On Safety Management
2/18
1
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION Background to this Code of Practice How to use this Code of Practice DefinitionsCODE OF PRACTICE
(ie: what you have to do your obligations under the Act)note:only the first four sections below have been developed to date and are included in this draftdocument. The remaining sections will be developed in a staggered process and sent out for comment asdrafts are completed.
It is envisaged that the Code of Practice will start life as an Advisory Standard. Following a trial periodto iron out any problem areas, the Code will be submitted to be accepted as an Approved Code of
Practice under the HSE Act.
1. Commitment
2. Contractor Selection and Monitoring
3. Project Safety Planning4. Safety Performance Measurement and Accountability
Editing note sections below to be developed:
5. Training
6. Inspection Processes7. Accident Investigation8. Injury Management
SUPPORTING INFORMATIONThe intention is to have supporting information available with the Code of Practice. This separate document
will cover How to information which will give industry the how to tools and information to help in
implementing your obligations under the Act as outlined in the Code of Practice. This will include:
HOW TO SAFETY MANAGEMENT INFORMATION
(ie: howyou do it - implementing your obligations)
AUDIT(ie: checkyouve done it)
APPENDIX OF SAFETY TOOLS AND FORMS
8/3/2019 Construct Ti On Safety Management
3/18
2
INTRODUCTION
Background to this Code of Practice What is this Code, who is it for and when should it be used?This Code explains how the Health and Safety in Employment (HSE) Act 1992 applies to
construction safety management systems. It describes one way of meeting the requirements of the Act
with respect to safety management systems.
The Code is a statement of current preferred practice in meeting the requirements of the HSE Act
but also provides guidance on the implementation of safety management systems. Parties may choose
to use other methods to meet the requirements of the HSE Act. The legislation states that the othermethods chosen are at least as effective as the ones in the Code / result in a safe place of work.
Why is this code needed and where does it fit into the bigger picture / What advantages arethere to implementing this code and why do you need one?
Editing note: to be completed.
What is a Construction Safety Management System?Safety Management and Project Management are very similar. Goals are established, costs managed,
plans developed, performance measured and outcomes are evaluated. Not only are safety
management techniques the same as those used for project management but safety management will
enhance project management efforts by improving communication and contractor relationships and
by minimising problems, delays and unnecessary costs. By implementing an effective safety
management system, the entire project team of contractors, managers, designers and employees will
be empowered to meet their responsibilities, helping to achieve project goals.
A Safety Management System or Programme outlines managements commitment to safety and
describes the process by which management will accomplish its goal of ZERO accidents by creating a
safety culture. The programme itself will obviously not ensure that you achieve ZERO accidents.
The organisation must make safety convenient for employees through proper planning (as covered in
section __ Project Safety Planning) and the organisation will need to monitor to ensure that safety
responsibilities are met through active supervision and accountability (as in section __ Safety
Performance Measurement and Accountability).
Three Keys to Successful Safety Management:
1. Safety Planning: Plan safety into projects so safety becomes convenient for workers. Do thisand safety wont cost more and it wont slow you down. Short cuts, delays, unsafe acts and
problems will be minimised.
2. Employee Behaviour: Employees need to understand the organisations priorities. The onlysignal your employee should receive is that safety is your number one priority. Human behaviour
is based on consequences to action. There should be positive reinforcement for safe acts and there
should be penalties or other negative consequences for unsafe acts.
3. Performance Measurement: What gets measured gets done! Measuring the safetyperformance of your managers, supervisors, employees and contractors who work for you is
8/3/2019 Construct Ti On Safety Management
4/18
3
essential. Providing feedback, good or bad, demonstrates managements commitment to safety.
When productivity alone is measured, safety will always be seen as nice to have but only when
it doesnt affect productivity. The safety evaluation process should include both immediate
feedback on actions and periodic feedback in the form of performance reviews and appraisals.
Ask yourself these questions to help determine the current state of your safety system.
does safety get more attention afteran accident than it does before one? do you plan safety into your projects? are there consequences to unsafe acts? are shortcuts tolerated in the interest of getting the job done?and
how is safety performance measured?This Code of Practice will address these critical issues in detail, giving you step by step advice to develop
and implement your safety programme and the practicable steps necessary to ensure that no one is harmed
on your projects.
Remember to keep records:
It is a legal obligation to keep records. Maintaining a record (a paper trail) of all the steps you have takenfor the health and safety management of anything under your control is the best method of demonstrating
how you have complied with the obligations you hold. (these obligations must of course be fully
implemented)
8/3/2019 Construct Ti On Safety Management
5/18
4
How to use this Code of PracticeDocument layoutThis Code of Practice for Construction Safety Management Systems covers your safetymanagement obligations under the HSE Act (1992). It details specific requirements and steps
needed to be taken by each of the different parties to develop and implement an effective safety
management system.
Colour coding:
Colour coding at the top right of each page indicates which groups have information pertaining
to them on that page. This colour coding will continue through to the supporting information
that will be developed for the Code.
The coding is as follows:
Principals (Client, Main contractor and Subcontractor Principals)
Person in Control of a Place of Work (Main and/or Subcontractor)
EmployerEmployee / Self Employed
Agents / Advisors (including Designers / Advisors, Project Managers and other Professional
Advisors engaged by a Principal)
note: a circle for the colour coding is only currently used as a guide the exact symbol maychange. The colour coding will be added comprehensively throughout this document and the
groups above will be defined in more detail as the document is developed.
Numbering:
Throughout the Code a numbering system for each clause is used. This will likewise continuethrough to the supporting information for easy reference.
1;
1.1;
a)
b)
1.2;
a) etc.
For example, for the clause 1.1a in Part 1 of the Code which states you must have a Health andSafety Policy statement outlining, specific How To information to assist you in developing
your own Health and Safety Policy will be available in the supporting information under thesame reference number of 1.1a.
Benefits:
At the end of each of the Code of Practice sections a brief outline of some of the key benefits
that will be achieved through implementing the steps is included.
8/3/2019 Construct Ti On Safety Management
6/18
5
Legislation:
The relevant legislation from the HSE Act and Regulations (and any other references deemed
necessary) will be referenced at the left hand side of each page in this section.
(editing note: references to be completed)
ACC Audit:Where the ACC ThinkSafe logo appears ( ) this indicates that this clause of the Code
of Practice relates directly to a requirement in the ACC Workplace Safety Management
Practices (WSMP) Audit, as well as the requirements of the ACC Partnership Programme.
(note: these logos will be added comprehensively throughout this document once it has beencompleted).
Supporting InformationThe key difference with this Code of Practice as opposed to others is that Site Safe will effectively
be providing How to information in a supporting document that gives you the how to information
and tools to help in implementing your obligations under the Act as outlined in the Code of
Practice. Where you need assistance in carrying out any aspect in the Code, you will be able to referdirectly to the How To supporting document for advice and information that will help you in
meeting your obligations/responsibilities.
This supporting document will also include an Audit as a tool that will enable you to check that the
items you need to develop and implement to meet your obligations for your Safety Management
System are in place.
Note: this document will be developed once the majority of the Code of Practice has been
completed.
Achieving Success:Remember: having a Safety Management System or programme will outline managements
commitment to safety and describe the process by which safety goals will be accomplished.
However simply outlining safety processes will notensure that they are met. In order for you to besuccessful, in order for you to ensure that everyone carries out their responsibilities, your safety
management system needs to be implemented by following through all the steps in this Code of
Practice.
8/3/2019 Construct Ti On Safety Management
7/18
6
DEFINITIONS
note: definitions will be completed throughout the development of this Code.
Principal (Client, Main contractor and Subcontractor Principals)Means a person who or that engages any person (otherwise than as an employee) to do any
work for gain or reward.
Person in Control of a Place of Work(Main and/or Subcontractor)in relation to a place of work, means a person who is
(a) The owner, lessee, sublessee, occupier, or person in possession, of the place or any part
of it; or
(b) The owner, lessee, sublessee, or bailee, of any plant in the place:
Employermeans a person who or that employs any other person to do any work for hire or reward;
and, in relation to any employee, means an employer of the employee.
Employee / Self EmployedEmployee means a person employed by any other person to do any work (other than
residential work) for hire or reward; and, in relation to any employer, means an employee of
the employer.
Agent (including Designers / Advisors, Project Managers etc.)note: To define.
Significant hazardmeans a hazard that is an actual or potential cause or source of
(a) Serious harm; or
(b) Harm (being harm that is more than trivial) the severity of whose effects on any person
depend (entirely or among other things) on the extent or frequency of the person's exposure
to the hazard; or
(c) Harm that does not usually occur, or usually is not easily detectable, until a significant
time after exposure to the hazard.
Serious harm(subject to subsection (4) of the HSE Act), means death, or harm of a kind or description declared
by the Governor-General by Order in Council to be serious for the purposes of the Act; and
seriously harmed has a corresponding meaning.
8/3/2019 Construct Ti On Safety Management
8/18
7
ManagementThe function of management in any enterprise or organisation is to plan, co-ordinate, and
control the activities which occur therein. This not only concerns the 'business' side of
management, but also the safety and health of employees, fellow workers, and any other
person exposed to the business operation. This is not an 'add on', but is recognised as part of
the normal business operation. The skills required (analytical; planning; evaluating;
supervising; recording; etc.) to manage safety and health at work are no different to thoseused in the remainder of the business operation; it is how those skills are applied to realise
the objective which is critical.
Must Mustis used where the statement is a legislative or Code requirement and has to bedone. Use of the word mustdetails specific requirements to meet your safety managementobligations under the Act.
Should Shouldis used in the How To section as a suggestion for how to carry out the mustrequirement. Whereshouldis used it is a suggestion for carrying out a task.
Shall
8/3/2019 Construct Ti On Safety Management
9/18
8
CODE OF PRACTICEFORCONSTRUCTION HEALTH AND SAFETY
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
ie: what you have to do(your obligations under the Act)
Specific requirements and steps that need to be taken by each of the different parties to develop and
implement an effective health and safety management system.
8/3/2019 Construct Ti On Safety Management
10/18
9
1. COMMITMENT A construction company, like any organisation, is made up of a management team that
secures work and ensures that a finished product is delivered to satisfied clients. The project
team plans, manages and completes projects, controls costs and manages people.
Everyone within an organisation has different responsibilities and different priorities.
Everyone is also working towards a common goal. Without leadership and guidance from
managing directors, project managers, site managers and supervisors, the focus of
individuals could lead them to concentrate solely on their own daily activities and lose sight
of the common goal.
1.1 Leadership & Management Involvement In order for a Safety Management System to be effective, a commitment and dedication
from company management and project leaders is essential. Management must demonstratetheir leadership and commitment to safety so that everyone understands the values of the
organisation.
You must:
a) have a Health and Safety Policy statement outlining your commitment and dedicationto the safety of workers;
b) be involved in safety management activities;andc) establish objectives for your safety management system.
1.2 Safety Culture Safety culture is a way of thinking where safety is an integral part of the way in which the
organisation operates ie: if a job cant be done safely it isnt done at all.
You must:
a) be proactive with safety management;b) measure safety performance and plan safety into your projects;c) understand your companys current safety culture;d) clearly outline and communicate safety responsibilities for everyone in your
organisation;
e) communicate your safety commitment and policies to all of your Contractors.note: Include new requirement for employee safety reps here (possible bullet below)f) have an elected employee safety representative with the responsibility for
coordinating health and safety for the place of work (where you have a workplace of
30 or more, or if a representative is requested)
LEGISLATION
ACT
6. Employers to ensure
safety of employeesEvery employer shall
take all practicable stepsto ensure the safety of
employees while atwork; and in particular
shall take all practicable
steps to
.(_) Ensure
REGULATIONS
note: other
sections / clauses
to be referenced
throughout
Principal
Person in Control of Place of Work
Employer
Employee / Self Employed
8/3/2019 Construct Ti On Safety Management
11/18
10
Employees / Self Employed only
g) avoid harm and hazards by following all site safety rules;h) stop work and notify the supervisor when you know of a hazard in the workplace, or
when you think you are exposed to a hazard in the performance of a job or task
Benefits of COMMITMENT:
* demonstrates pro-active leadership
*promotes acceptance and buy-in to the value of health and safety at all levels
* encourages Employees to feel valued and part of the team
* saves lives and keeps families from suffering hardship
* leads to increased productivity and maximised profits
LEGISLATION
ACT
6. Employers to ensure
safety of employeesEvery employer shall
take all practicable steps
to ensure the safety ofemployees while at
work; and in particular
shall take all practicable
steps to .
(_) Ensure
REGULATIONS
note: other
sections / clausesto be referenced
throughout
8/3/2019 Construct Ti On Safety Management
12/18
11
2. CONTRACTOR SELECTION AND
MONITORINGSuccessful safety management requires that the Client, Principal, Contractor, Subcontractor
and all Employers on site work together to manage and control hazards in the workplace.
Understanding safety responsibilities (see the previous section, page __), communicating
expectations, monitoring performance and providing feedback are the keys to successful
relationships and projects.
2.1 Screening and Selecting ContractorsSafety systems can only be effective when everyone meets their safety responsibilities.
Communicating responsibilities and expectations and screening contractors based on safety
performance will improve safety, eliminate accidents and improve contractor relationships.
Poor performance by one or more parities on a project can lead to uncontrolled hazards,problems, delays and increased costs. Screening contractors and selecting only those who
demonstrate effective safety management will minimise problems and complications. The
outcome is that all parties engaged on a project will realise anticipated profits.
Principals (which include Clients and Contractors who engage others to perform work for
them) must:
a) pre-qualify Contractors with safety as a factor (consider the Contractors safetyrecord in any prequalification);
b) include safety requirements in the tender documents;andc) select Contractors (including Agents, Main Contractors and/or Subcontractors) in
part based on safety ability.
2.2 Contractor (Safety) Monitoring, Evaluation and FeedbackCommunication is essential during the initial stages of the project. Significant hazards must
be systematically identified and controls outlined and these must be communicated to the
person controlling the place of work.
One of the most important issues affecting contractor relationships and communication is
evaluating outcomes measuring performance. Safety requirements in tender documents
and Task Analyses (see page__) that are submitted by Contractors must form the basis of the
monitoring and evaluation process. Safety performance on a project, along with quality and
productivity, must be monitored and evaluated as part of a continuous safety improvement
process.
Principals must
a) carry out on-going monitoring of each contractors safety performance;b) regularly evaluate and feedback the ongoing safety performance of Contractors on
projects;
and
LEGISLATION
ACT
11. Employees to be
given results of
monitoringThis section applies to
any monitoring of any
employee or place of
work if it wasundertaken in
compliance with this
Act
REGULATIONS
note: other
sections / clauses
to be referenced
throughout
Principal
Person in Control of Place of Wor
Employer
Employee / Self Employed
Agent
8/3/2019 Construct Ti On Safety Management
13/18
12
c) evaluate and feedback Safety Performance of Contractors at the conclusion of theirwork.
Employers / Self Employed (ie: Contractors engaged by a Principal) only
Employers and Self-employed must:
d) provide feedback to Principals on aspects of the Principals safety performance.
Benefits of CONTRACTOR SELECTION AND MONITORING:
* encourages communication and outlines the importance of health and safety
* demonstrates your commitment to safety
* ensures you work with others who are committed to safety
* ensures everyone understands their role in site safety
* minimises problems and complications
* improves contractor relationships*promotes improved safety and helps to eliminate injuries
* helps all parties realise anticipated profits through better performance and productivity
8/3/2019 Construct Ti On Safety Management
14/18
13
3. PROJECT SAFETY PLANNINGThe safety planning process includes all parties to the project. The larger and more complex
the job the earlier in the project that the planning of safety has to start. There are three
critical project stages to ensure that safety is planned into your project and work activities:
Tender StagePre-construction StageProject Stage??? Design stage / Conceptual stage ???
3.1 Tender (Pricing/Submission) Stage Project PlanningYou must
a) anticipate major hazards associated with the project;b) consider specific safety measures and controls necessary for the project (and flag
any specific safety costs that may differentiate you from other tenderers);
and
c) ensure there is adequate resource allowed in the tendered price to carry out thework safely.
3.2 Pre-construction Stage Project Planning (includes Design/Build Projects)You must
a) develop a Hazard Management and Site Specific Safety Plan detailing specificsafety requirements for the upcoming project;
andb) communicate and co-ordinate safety controls among Contractors on the project.
3.3 Project Stage PlanningYou must
a) anticipate any additional tasks and hazards as the work progresses;b) involve your employees in the development and implementation of your Hazard
Management and Site Specific Safety Plan;
andc) co-ordinate activities so that no subcontractors are harmed by the activities of
other subcontractors.
Employees / Self Employed only
You must:
d) ensure safety planning is a routine part of your work activities;ande) review job briefings and Task Analysis before starting the job when required.
LEGISLATION
ACT
6. Employers to ensure
safety of employeesEvery employer shall take
all practicable steps to
ensure the safety of
employees while at work;and in particular shall take
all practicable steps to .
(_) Ensure
18. Duties of principals,
contractors, and
subcontractors (1) Every principal shall
take all practicable steps
to ensure that
(a) No employee of a
contractor or
subcontractor; and(b) If an individual, no
contractor or
subcontractor,
is harmed while doing anywork (other than
residential work) that the
contractor was engaged todo.
14. Employers to involve
employees in
development of health
and safety proceduresEvery employer shall
ensure that all employees
have the opportunity to be
fully involved in thedevelopment of
procedures developed for
the purpose of a) Complying with section
7 to 10 of this Act; orb) Dealing with or
reacting to emergencies or
imminent dangers
7. Duties of Employers
in relation to Hazard
Managementcontinue from Act
to add???- Systematically
identifying existing
hazard to employees at
work- Systematically
identifying new hazards to
employees at work
-Regularly assessing each
hazard identifieddetermining whether or
not it is a significanthazard (consider thelikelihood of an unsafe act
and the severity of harm)
10. Significant hazards
to employees to be
minimised, and
employees to be
protected, where
elimination and isolation
impracticable
REGULATIONS
Principal
Person in Control of Place of Wor
Employer
Employee / Self Employed
Agent
8/3/2019 Construct Ti On Safety Management
15/18
14
3.4 Emergency Planning and ReadinessUnder the HSE Act, Emergency Planning relates to any emergency that may arise. This
includes Civil disaster (such as fire, earthquake, flood etc.) as well as any emergency that
may arise while carrying out the work (such as a fall from height, chemical spill etc).
Emergency planning is best when it is incorporated into all three of the stages of planning
described in 3.1 3.3.
You must:
a) ensure an Emergency Plan and emergency procedures are developed withEmployees;
b) ensure the Emergency Plan and procedures are in place and implemented shouldanything go wrong on site;
c) ensure the Plan and emergency evacuation routes are posted on site, and allContractors, Subcontractors and anyone else involved on site are aware of exactly
what they must do in an emergency;
andd) review the Emergency Plan regularly to keep it up to date and current.
Benefits of PROJECT SAFETY PLANNING:
* helps make safety convenient for the workers on the tools
* enables you to consider the job and systematically manage hazards
* helps to minimise site problems, delays and unnecessary costs
* helps you achieve your expected profit margins
* improves site relationships and communication
* improves safety, quality and productivity
* enables your team to complete work on or ahead of schedule and on or under budget
LEGISLATION
ACT
6. Employers to ensure
safety of employees
Every employer shalltake all practicable stepsto ensure the safety of
employees while atwork; and in particular
shall take all practicable
steps to
(e) Develop proceduresfor dealing with
emergencies that may
arise while employees
are at work.
REGULATIONS
note: other
sections / clauses
to be referenced
throughout
8/3/2019 Construct Ti On Safety Management
16/18
15
4. SAFETY PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT
& ACCOUNTABILITY For safety to receive the attention it warrants and for your team to view it as a condition
of employment, you must measure the safety performance of workers, supervisors andmanagers. Without an effective safety performance measurement process, coupled with
effective planning, safety will be the first casualty of tight time frames, tight budgets and
project disputes. When budgets, schedules and quality are measured it is understood that
these issues are important in the organisation. Safety will only be important to staff if
safety performance is evaluated and measured.
4.1 Employee Safety Performance MeasurementIt is often said that employees act unsafely because they dont listen or they are careless.
This is not true. Employees form habits and act the way they do for very specific
reasons. They do listen to you, its just that they listen to more than words. They listento the signals sent by the organisation to them; they listen to the actions and priorities of
their supervisors and of management. When a policy statement or supervisor says, besafe but safety hasnt been planned into the project, what employees really hear is besafe as long as its convenient and wont slow you down. This results in shortcuts andunsafe acts by them.
Employers must:
a) define and communicate company safety expectations to Employees;b) supervise Employee actions and behaviour on site;andc) evaluate Employee safety performance, and give (and receive) feedback on actions
and behaviour.
4.2 Manager & Supervisor Safety Performance MeasurementWhat gets measured gets done. Your staff will carry out their safety responsibilities only
when they are held accountable for meeting those responsibilities. Safety performance
must be measured.
Employers must:
a) define and communicate safety responsibility and expectations to their Managersand Supervisors;
andb) routinely monitor and evaluate Management and Supervisor safety performance.
note: Contractors must also be held accountable for their own safety performance. Their
performance must be monitored and evaluated also. Measuring the safety performance of
projects and contractors is covered on the Contractor Selection and Monitoringsectionof this Code of Practice.
LEGISLATION
ACT
19. Duties of EmployeesEvery employee shall
take all practicable steps
to ensure
(a) The employeessafety while at work; and
(b) That no action or
inaction of the employeewhile at work causes
harm to any other
person.
REGULATIONS
note: other
sections / clauses
to be referenced
throughout
Employer
8/3/2019 Construct Ti On Safety Management
17/18
16
Benefits of
SAFETY PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT & ACCOUNTABILITY:
* reinforces your companys safety values and beliefs
* helps you achieve the goals you have set for your safety programme
* ensures safety is given the time and attention it deserves
* helps you eliminate unsafe acts, near misses and accidents from your sites
* ensures there is accountability and that safety responsibilities are met* encourages improved safety and fewer injuries
* rewards safety management and safe behaviour ensuring you get more of it
* leads to fewer problems and delays and improved productivity and profitability
Code of Practice sections to be developed in the next stages:
5. Training
6. Inspection Processes
7. Accident Investigation
8. Injury Management
8/3/2019 Construct Ti On Safety Management
18/18
HOW TO SAFETY MANAGEMENT INFORMATION
The intention is to have supporting information available with this Code of Practice. This separate
document will cover How to information which will give industry the how to tools and
information to help in implementing your obligations under the Act as outlined in the Code of
Practice. This will include:
HOW TO SAFETY MANAGEMENT INFORMATION
(ie: howyou do it - implementing your obligations)
AUDIT(ie: checkyouve done it / have you done it effectively)
APPENDIX OF SAFETY TOOLS AND FORMS
note: This document will be developed once the majority of the Code of Practice has been completed.
top related