Conference EU Environment Policy: Impact on Thai Business 29 May 2008 Environmental Governance and Regulation in the EU Timo Mäkelä European Commission.
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Conference EU Environment Policy: Impact on Thai Business 29 May 2008
Environmental Governance and
Regulation in the EU
Timo MäkeläEuropean Commission – DG Environment
Conference EU Environment Policy: Impact on Thai Business 29 May 2008
Overview EU environment policies and priorities
Current developments in the 4 priorities
Special focus on: Sustainable Consumption and Production action plan Environment into EU external (trade) policy
EU environment policy challenges for the years to come
Conference EU Environment Policy: Impact on Thai Business 29 May 2008
EU policy-making
Political impetus - European Council Decision making proces – institutional triangle: Council of
Ministers, European Commission, European Parliament Codecision, Assent, Consultation
Primary legislation – treaties Lisbon Treaty (being ratified now by countries)
Secondary legislation: Regulations, Directives, Decisions, Recommendations and
opinions Transposition/implementation by Member States
Conference EU Environment Policy: Impact on Thai Business 29 May 2008
EU approach to environment policy Objective
Sustainable Development
6th Environment Action Programme (2002-2012) 6 EAP outlines main priorities for action on the environment: Climate change Nature and biodiversity Environment and health Sustainable use of natural resources
Better regulation now central to environmental policy-making
Conference EU Environment Policy: Impact on Thai Business 29 May 2008
EU Climate change policies Environment policy and climate change at top of
agenda
EU Climate Change Programme EU Emission Trading Scheme: flagship Proposed legislative framework : target of 120 g/km CO2
emissions for new cars (2012)
EU commitment: Spring Council 2007 20% reduction in GHG emissions by 2020 20% share for energy from renewable sources
30% reduction in GHG emissions if international agreement
Conference EU Environment Policy: Impact on Thai Business 29 May 2008
Climate Action and Renewable Energy implementation package Revision of EU Emissions Trading System (ETS)
Broader coverage: more emissions, more industries
Effort sharing in non ETS sectors: road transport, buildings, services and agriculture
Legally enforceable targets for share of renewables
Framework Carbon Capture and Geological Storage
Proposals set Europe on path to low-carbon economy
Conference EU Environment Policy: Impact on Thai Business 29 May 2008
Climate change globally EU’s aim for post Kyoto Agreement
binding absolute emission reduction targets for developed countries
enhanced contributions by newly industrialising and developing countries.
limit global temperature increase to less than 2°C
Bali Conference : December 2007 Work towards global agreement
End 2008: UN Climate conference in Poznan: assessment of progress
Conference EU Environment Policy: Impact on Thai Business 29 May 2008
Nature and biodiversity Loss of biodiversity is a global threat
just as serious as climate change EU target of halting biodiversity loss by 2010: additional
efforts needed Biodiversity action plan (2006): step up implementation Natura 2000 network of conservation areas: to be
extended 9th COP to the Convention on Biological Diversity (19-
30 May 2008) assess progress towards global target (reducing rate
of biodiversity loss by 2010)
Conference EU Environment Policy: Impact on Thai Business 29 May 2008
Environment and health Binding rules on air, water, waste, chemicals…
Environment impact to health: a growing concern
Action on Chemicals: New legislation (REACH)
Proposal for new legislation on industrial emissions
Conference EU Environment Policy: Impact on Thai Business 29 May 2008
Sustainable use of natural resources Robust legislation on waste; boosting eco-efficiency via
innovation
International Panel for Sustainable Resource Management
New policies on better ship dismantling
Revised Waste Framework Directive in 2008
Revision of the WEEE and RoHS directives in 2008
From waste to resource policies
Conference EU Environment Policy: Impact on Thai Business 29 May 2008
Ecological footprint=>Globally there are 1.8 gha/capita available, while the overall global footprint is 2.2 gha/capita
Evolution of population & living standards => 6 times consumption by 2050
70-80% of environmental impacts: transport, food & drink, housing
Households & Industry (incl. energy industries) => 67% share of greenhouse gases in EU
Towards Sustainable Consumption Towards Sustainable Consumption and Productionand Production
- The issue -- The issue -
Conference EU Environment Policy: Impact on Thai Business 29 May 2008
Prices do not reflect costs
Unsustainable Production & Consumption
Imperfect Information
Incomplete Markets
Internal Market Distortions
Green House Green House Gasses Gasses
Pollution Pollution Depletion Depletion Resources Resources
Climate Change Threats to Human Health
Threats to Biodiversity
Degradation Degradation air, water, soil… air, water, soil…
Population growth
Spending power Economic growth
Bounded Rationality
Conference EU Environment Policy: Impact on Thai Business 29 May 2008
The The SustainableSustainable ConsumptionConsumption and and Production Action PlanProduction Action Plan
1. Smarter Consumption – Better Products
2. Leaner Production
3. Global Action
Conference EU Environment Policy: Impact on Thai Business 29 May 2008
Policy Framework for Smarter Policy Framework for Smarter Consumption and Better ProductsConsumption and Better Products
Revise Eco-design Minimum requirements Environmental performance benchmarks
Revise energy label Revise Eco-label
Excellence “Front runner”
EU Ecolabel also in Thailand!
MandatoryMandatory
VoluntaryVoluntary
Conference EU Environment Policy: Impact on Thai Business 29 May 2008
Smarter ConsumptionSmarter Consumption
Fiscal or other incentives may be set by Community or Member States using reference points / benchmarking
Green Public Procurement: Authorities to buy above selected level
Working with Retailers and Consumers EU-level Forum for Retailers Commitment towards code of conduct Environmental claims - commercial practices
Awareness and education actions
Conference EU Environment Policy: Impact on Thai Business 29 May 2008
Leaner ProductionLeaner Production
Resource Efficiency and Eco-innovation Tools and benchmarks
Environmental Technology Verification Build confidence for new technologies
Revised EMAS Increase participation, reduce burdens, SMEs
Conference EU Environment Policy: Impact on Thai Business 29 May 2008
SCP RoadmapSCP Roadmap EC Communication: 2008 First Group of actions 2008:
Revised Eco-design Directive Revised Eco-label Directive Revised EMAS Directive Communication on Green Public Procurement
Further actions later in 2008 and 2009 Revised Energy Efficiency Labelling Directive ….
Conference EU Environment Policy: Impact on Thai Business 29 May 2008
Environmental aspects in EU external (trade) policy Partnership and Cooperation Agreement with Thailand and
Free Trade Agreement EU-ASEAN: Negotiations ongoing
PCA: Aim: reinforced cooperation, also for environment
FTA : Trade and Sustainable Development Chapter Objective: how to make trade work for Sustainable
Development? Include number of commitments Sustainability Impact Assessments Non sanctions based monitoring mechanism with
involvement of government and civil society
Conference EU Environment Policy: Impact on Thai Business 29 May 2008
Environmental aspects in EU external (trade) policy Fund: SWITCH-Asia Programme
Promoting Sustainable Consumption and Production in Asia (“programme) – 90 million euros for the period 2007-2010 one third dedicated to ASEAN group
320 proposals received in the First Call
Conference EU Environment Policy: Impact on Thai Business 29 May 2008
Global negotiations - WTO US-EU proposal
Liberalisation of package of goods and services with clear environment benefit, in particular for climate change
Further binding commitments to eliminate tariffs and non-tariff barriers in trade in green technologies
Goal: spread green technologies globally
Conference EU Environment Policy: Impact on Thai Business 29 May 2008
EU environment policy challenges for the years to come
Further strengthening implementation Continued effort to simplify and improve
policies and instruments Climate change and adaptation Protection of biodiversity Sustainable Production and Consumption
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