Chapter 16 A People’s War by Howard Zinn

Chapter 16Chapter 16A People’s WarA People’s War

by Howard Zinnby Howard ZinnBy: Ray YunBy: Ray Yun

Chs 245 OnlineChs 245 Online

Professor BuelnaProfessor Buelna

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Chapter 16Chapter 16 A People’s war, Is the title given to chapter 16 A People’s war, Is the title given to chapter 16

of Howard Zinn’s best seller: A People’s of Howard Zinn’s best seller: A People’s History of the United States.History of the United States.

The title to chapter 16 is a reference of the The title to chapter 16 is a reference of the World War II and how it was the people’s war World War II and how it was the people’s war against fascism.against fascism.

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(Zinn, pg. 407) Page 2

According to Zinn, “Germany invaded Soviet Russia, According to Zinn, “Germany invaded Soviet Russia, and the American Communist party, which had and the American Communist party, which had repeatedly described the war between Axis powers repeatedly described the war between Axis powers and the Allied Powers as an Imperialist war, now and the Allied Powers as an Imperialist war, now called “People’s war” against fascism.” called “People’s war” against fascism.” (Zinn, pg.407)(Zinn, pg.407)

(Zinn, pg. 407) (Zinn, pg. 407) Page 3

As noted in chapter 16, “by certain evidence, it As noted in chapter 16, “by certain evidence, it was the most popular war that the United was the most popular war that the United States had ever fought.”States had ever fought.”

18 million people served in the armed forces, 18 million people served in the armed forces, 10 million over seas10 million over seas

25 million workers gave their pay checks for 25 million workers gave their pay checks for the war bonds, which was considered as the war bonds, which was considered as manufactured supportmanufactured support

Aldof HitlerAldof Hitler This war was against the uttermost destructive This war was against the uttermost destructive

person in the whole world, Aldof Hitler. person in the whole world, Aldof Hitler. Aldof Hitler was the founder and leader of the Nazi Aldof Hitler was the founder and leader of the Nazi

party and the most influential voice in the party and the most influential voice in the organization organization

Wiped out six million European Jews and millions Wiped out six million European Jews and millions of other non-aryansof other non-aryans

““Hitler's Germany was extending totalitarianism, Hitler's Germany was extending totalitarianism, racism, militarism, and overt aggressive warfare racism, militarism, and overt aggressive warfare beyond what an already cynical world had beyond what an already cynical world had experienced.” experienced.” (Zinn, pg.407)(Zinn, pg.407)

(Zinn Pg.407) (Zinn Pg.407) Page 4

Adolf HitlerAdolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler, Leader of the Nazi The Holocaust, concentration and labor camps

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World War IIWorld War II World War II lasted between the years of World War II lasted between the years of

1939, the starting of Hitler’s invasion in 1939, the starting of Hitler’s invasion in Poland, which ended in the year 1945, after 6 Poland, which ended in the year 1945, after 6 horrifying yearshorrifying years

World War II was the widespread and World War II was the widespread and deadliest war in historydeadliest war in history

Involved more than 50 million millitary and Involved more than 50 million millitary and civilian deaths, (some estimates as high as 85 civilian deaths, (some estimates as high as 85 million deaths) million deaths) (history.com)(history.com)

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World War II World War II (continued)(continued)

Hitler’s attacks on Jews, his takeover of Hitler’s attacks on Jews, his takeover of Czechoslovakia, invasion of Australia didn’t Czechoslovakia, invasion of Australia didn’t cause the war.cause the war.

The Japanese (Axis) attacked the American The Japanese (Axis) attacked the American (Allies) Naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii on (Allies) Naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii on December 7, 1941, in which it was the main December 7, 1941, in which it was the main reason the United States went into full war reason the United States went into full war mode. mode.

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Pearl HarborPearl Harbor

December 7, 1941December 7, 1941

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Franklin RooseveltFranklin Roosevelt Born on January 30, 1882 in Hyde Park, New Born on January 30, 1882 in Hyde Park, New

YorkYork Roosevelt became the 32Roosevelt became the 32ndnd United States United States

President in 1933, and the only president to be President in 1933, and the only president to be elected four timeselected four times

Led the United States during the Great Led the United States during the Great Depression and World War II and helped the Depression and World War II and helped the Americans regain faith in themselvesAmericans regain faith in themselves

During his first 100 days, 13 million people were During his first 100 days, 13 million people were unemployed sohe enacted a sweeping program unemployed sohe enacted a sweeping program which helped businesses and banks recover which helped businesses and banks recover (whitehouse.gov)(whitehouse.gov)

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Franklin Roosevelt Franklin Roosevelt (cont’d)(cont’d)

According to Howard Zinn, Putting aside the According to Howard Zinn, Putting aside the wild accusations against Roosevelt (that he wild accusations against Roosevelt (that he knew about Pearl Harbor and didn't tell, or that knew about Pearl Harbor and didn't tell, or that he deliberately provoked the Pearl Harbor raidhe deliberately provoked the Pearl Harbor raid—these are without evidence)… September —these are without evidence)… September and October 1941, he misstated the facts in and October 1941, he misstated the facts in two incidents involving German submarines two incidents involving German submarines and American destroyers. and American destroyers. (Zinn pg. 411)(Zinn pg. 411)

Franklin Roosevelt deceived the Americans Franklin Roosevelt deceived the Americans during the period before Pearl Harborduring the period before Pearl Harbor

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Franklin Roosevelt Franklin Roosevelt (Cont’d)(Cont’d)

Franklin Franklin Roosevelt was Roosevelt was like a physician, like a physician, who must tell who must tell the patient lies the patient lies for the patients for the patients own good own good (Zinn (Zinn

pg.411)pg.411)

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A People’s WarA People’s War To sum this all up, A people’s To sum this all up, A people’s

war was during World War II, war was during World War II, caused by the bombing of caused by the bombing of Pearl Harbor in December 7, Pearl Harbor in December 7, 1941.1941.

Every/most human beings that Every/most human beings that were alive during the time were alive during the time between 1939-1945, it was between 1939-1945, it was everyone's war, not only for everyone's war, not only for the military and 50+ the military and 50+ countries, but for all the countries, but for all the civilianscivilians

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Works CitedWorks Cited Amen, . N.p.. Web. 25 Mar 2014. <http://www.biography.com/people/franklin-d-Amen, . N.p.. Web. 25 Mar 2014. <http://www.biography.com/people/franklin-d-

roosevelt-9463381>. roosevelt-9463381>.

Michael Beschloss, H. S.. N.p.. Web. 25 Mar 2014. Michael Beschloss, H. S.. N.p.. Web. 25 Mar 2014. <http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/franklindroosevelt>. <http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/franklindroosevelt>.

N.p.. Web. 25 Mar 2014. <http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii>.N.p.. Web. 25 Mar 2014. <http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii>.

Wistrich, R.. N.p.. Web. 25 Mar 2014. Wistrich, R.. N.p.. Web. 25 Mar 2014. <http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/hitler.html>. <http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/hitler.html>.

Zinn, Howard. A People’s History of the United States. New York: HarperCollins Zinn, Howard. A People’s History of the United States. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 2005. Print.Publishers, 2005. Print.