Transcript
JUDITH M. WILKINSON LESLIE S. TREASKAREN BARNETT MABLE H. SMITH
FUNDAMENTALS OFFUNDAMENTALS OFNURSINGNURSING
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Chapter 2: Critical Chapter 2: Critical Thinking and Nursing Thinking and Nursing
ProcessProcess
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What Is Critical Thinking?
A combination of• Reasoned thinking• Openness to alternatives• Ability to reflect• A desire to seek truth
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ClickerCheck
The most correct definition of “critical thinking” isa. A problem-solving process that enables one to
show others they are wrongb. An examination of one’s own beliefs in order to
defend them intelligentlyc. Purposeful, analytical thinking that results in a
reasoned decisiond. Rational thinking that results in obtaining the
one correct answer
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ClickerCheck (cont’d)
Correct answer: C
Most definitions of critical thinking include the concept of it being “purposeful” and deliberate. It is more than just problem solving and is not used exclusively to defend one’s beliefs. Critical thinking enables a person to see that there may be more than one correct answer.
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Why Is Critical Thinking Important for Nurses?• Nurses apply knowledge to provide holistic
care.• Nursing is an applied discipline.• Nursing uses knowledge from other fields.• Nursing is fast paced.
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ClickerCheck
A nurse who is newly employed at a hospital questions a standard of patient care that does not seem to follow evidence-based practice. The critical thinking attitude she is exhibiting is termed
a.Independent thinkingb.Intellectual humilityc.Intellectual couraged.Fair-mindedness
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ClickerCheck (cont’d)
Correct answer: A
Critical thinkers are not afraid to question things. They do not proceed with a questionable action simply because “that’s the way it’s always been done.”
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Different Kinds of Nursing Knowledge• Theoretical• Practical• Self• Ethical
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Five Major Categories of Critical Thinking• Contextual awareness • Inquiry• Considering alternatives• Examining assumptions• Reflecting critically
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What Is the Nursing Process?
• DefinitionA systematic problem-solving process that guides all nursing actions
• PurposeTo help the nurse provide goal-directed,client-centered care
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What Are the Phases of the Nursing Process?• Assessment• Diagnosis• Planning outcomes• Planning interventions• Implementation• Evaluation
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What Are the Phases of the Nursing Process? (cont’d)
• AssessmentFirst phase: Gather data
• DiagnosisSecond phase: Identify client’s health needs
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What Are the Phases of the Nursing Process? (cont’d)
• Planning outcomesDecide goals you want to achieve with your nursing activities.
• Planning interventionsChoose interventions to help the client achieve stated goals.
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What Are the Phases of the Nursing Process? (cont’d)
• ImplementationAction phase when you carry out or delegate actions you previously planned
• EvaluationFinal phase: Judge whether your actions have successfully treated or prevented the client’s health problems
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How Is the Nursing Process Related to Critical Thinking?
• Nursing is a problem-solving process that uses many individual critical thinking skills
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What Is Full-Spectrum Nursing?
• DefinitionA unique blend of thinking, doing, and caring for the purpose of effecting good outcomes from a patient situation
• What are the model concepts?• Thinking• Doing• Caring• Patient situation
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How Does the Model Work?
• Thinking• Theoretical
knowledge• Critical thinking
• Doing• Practical
knowledge• Nursing process
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How Does the Model Work? (cont’d)
• Caring• Self-knowledge• Ethical knowledge
• Patient situation• Patient data• Patient
preferences• Context
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ClickerCheck
College courses, such as microbiology and human growth and development, present content that is considered part of theoretical nursing knowledge.a.Trueb.False
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ClickerCheck (cont’d)
Correct answer: A
Knowledge gained in these courses helps the nurse develop a more holistic and complete plan of patient care.
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Think Like a Nurse
It is a pleasant Saturday afternoon, and you are meeting with an old friend whom you have not seen in two years. She says, “I hear you’ve decided to be a nurse. What made you choose that?” How would you reply to her question?
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