Ch02 critical thinking (1)

JUDITH M. WILKINSON LESLIE S. TREASKAREN BARNETT MABLE H. SMITH

FUNDAMENTALS OFFUNDAMENTALS OFNURSINGNURSING

Copyright © 2015 F.A. Davis Company

Chapter 2: Critical Chapter 2: Critical Thinking and Nursing Thinking and Nursing

ProcessProcess


What Is Critical Thinking?

A combination of• Reasoned thinking• Openness to alternatives• Ability to reflect• A desire to seek truth


ClickerCheck

The most correct definition of “critical thinking” isa. A problem-solving process that enables one to

show others they are wrongb. An examination of one’s own beliefs in order to

defend them intelligentlyc. Purposeful, analytical thinking that results in a

reasoned decisiond. Rational thinking that results in obtaining the

one correct answer


ClickerCheck (cont’d)

Correct answer: C

Most definitions of critical thinking include the concept of it being “purposeful” and deliberate. It is more than just problem solving and is not used exclusively to defend one’s beliefs. Critical thinking enables a person to see that there may be more than one correct answer.


Why Is Critical Thinking Important for Nurses?• Nurses apply knowledge to provide holistic

care.• Nursing is an applied discipline.• Nursing uses knowledge from other fields.• Nursing is fast paced.


ClickerCheck

A nurse who is newly employed at a hospital questions a standard of patient care that does not seem to follow evidence-based practice. The critical thinking attitude she is exhibiting is termed

a.Independent thinkingb.Intellectual humilityc.Intellectual couraged.Fair-mindedness



Correct answer: A

Critical thinkers are not afraid to question things. They do not proceed with a questionable action simply because “that’s the way it’s always been done.”


Different Kinds of Nursing Knowledge• Theoretical• Practical• Self• Ethical


Five Major Categories of Critical Thinking• Contextual awareness • Inquiry• Considering alternatives• Examining assumptions• Reflecting critically


What Is the Nursing Process?

• DefinitionA systematic problem-solving process that guides all nursing actions

• PurposeTo help the nurse provide goal-directed,client-centered care


What Are the Phases of the Nursing Process?• Assessment• Diagnosis• Planning outcomes• Planning interventions• Implementation• Evaluation


What Are the Phases of the Nursing Process? (cont’d)

• AssessmentFirst phase: Gather data

• DiagnosisSecond phase: Identify client’s health needs



• Planning outcomesDecide goals you want to achieve with your nursing activities.

• Planning interventionsChoose interventions to help the client achieve stated goals.



• ImplementationAction phase when you carry out or delegate actions you previously planned

• EvaluationFinal phase: Judge whether your actions have successfully treated or prevented the client’s health problems


How Is the Nursing Process Related to Critical Thinking?

• Nursing is a problem-solving process that uses many individual critical thinking skills


What Is Full-Spectrum Nursing?

• DefinitionA unique blend of thinking, doing, and caring for the purpose of effecting good outcomes from a patient situation

• What are the model concepts?• Thinking• Doing• Caring• Patient situation


How Does the Model Work?

• Thinking• Theoretical

knowledge• Critical thinking

• Doing• Practical

knowledge• Nursing process


How Does the Model Work? (cont’d)

• Caring• Self-knowledge• Ethical knowledge

• Patient situation• Patient data• Patient

preferences• Context


ClickerCheck

College courses, such as microbiology and human growth and development, present content that is considered part of theoretical nursing knowledge.a.Trueb.False



Correct answer: A

Knowledge gained in these courses helps the nurse develop a more holistic and complete plan of patient care.


Think Like a Nurse

It is a pleasant Saturday afternoon, and you are meeting with an old friend whom you have not seen in two years. She says, “I hear you’ve decided to be a nurse. What made you choose that?” How would you reply to her question?

Ch02 critical thinking (1)

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