B.tech biotech i bls u 2.1 the cell theory
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Cell Cell as basic unit of lifeas basic unit of life
Course: B.Tech BiotechSubject: Basic of Life Science
Unit: II
What is the definition of a cell?The basic unit of life.Cells Make up PlantsCells make up all living things.
Can you think of reasons why cells need nutrition and a good environment?
CellsCells represent the basic structural and represent the basic structural and functional unit of life.functional unit of life. Important unifying concept in biology.Important unifying concept in biology. All organisms are composed of one or more cells.All organisms are composed of one or more cells. All tissues & organs are composed of cells.All tissues & organs are composed of cells.
There is no life without cells!There is no life without cells!
Cells produce tissuesTissues produce organs
Organs produce organ systemsOrgans systems produce organisms
Some Random Cell FactsSome Random Cell Facts The average human being is composed The average human being is composed
of around 100 Trillion individual cells!!!of around 100 Trillion individual cells!!! It would take as many as 50 cells to It would take as many as 50 cells to
cover the area of a dot on the letter “cover the area of a dot on the letter “ ii””
WOW!!!WOW!!!
Discovery of CellsDiscovery of Cells 1665- English Scientist, 1665- English Scientist, Robert Hooke, Robert Hooke, discovered discovered
cells while looking at a thin slice of cork.cells while looking at a thin slice of cork. He described the cells as tiny boxes or a honeycombHe described the cells as tiny boxes or a honeycomb He thought that cells only existed in plants and fungiHe thought that cells only existed in plants and fungi
1.
Anton van LeuwenhoekAnton van Leuwenhoek 1673- Used a handmade microscope to observe 1673- Used a handmade microscope to observe
pond scum & discovered single-celled organismspond scum & discovered single-celled organisms He called them “animalcules”He called them “animalcules”
He also observed blood cells from fish, birds, frogs, He also observed blood cells from fish, birds, frogs, dogs, and humansdogs, and humans
Therefore, it was known that cells are found in Therefore, it was known that cells are found in animals as well as plantsanimals as well as plants
2.
= Three part theory about cells
1. All living things are made of cells. (Schleiden & Schwann)(1838-39)
2. The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. (Schleiden & Schwann)(1838-39)
3. All cells come from pre-existing cells. (Virchow)(1858)
Cell theory
Modern Cell TheoryModern Cell Theory Modern Cell Theory contains 4 statements, in Modern Cell Theory contains 4 statements, in
addition to the original Cell Theory:addition to the original Cell Theory: The cell contains hereditary information(DNA) which The cell contains hereditary information(DNA) which
is passed on from cell to cell during cell division.is passed on from cell to cell during cell division. All cells are basically the same in chemical All cells are basically the same in chemical
composition and metabolic activities.composition and metabolic activities. All basic chemical & physiological functions are All basic chemical & physiological functions are
carried out inside the cells.(movement, digestion,etc)carried out inside the cells.(movement, digestion,etc) Cell activity depends on the activities of sub-cellular Cell activity depends on the activities of sub-cellular
structures within the cell(organelles, nucleus, plasma structures within the cell(organelles, nucleus, plasma membrane)membrane)
How Has The Cell Theory Been Used?How Has The Cell Theory Been Used?
The basic discovered truths about cells, listed The basic discovered truths about cells, listed in the Cell Theory, are the basis for things in the Cell Theory, are the basis for things such as:such as: Disease/Health/Medical Research and Cures(AIDS, Disease/Health/Medical Research and Cures(AIDS,
Cancer, Vaccines, Cloning, Stem Cell Research, etc.)Cancer, Vaccines, Cloning, Stem Cell Research, etc.)
Common features of all cells
1. Cell Membrane – selectively/differentially permeable (lets some things in and out)
10.
Common features of all cells
4. Cytoskeleton – proteins that support the cell
(Microtubules &
microfilaments)
13.
Some Parting ThoughtsSome Parting Thoughts It is amazing to think that the cells that make It is amazing to think that the cells that make
up our bodies are just as alive as we are. up our bodies are just as alive as we are. Humans are just an intricately designed Humans are just an intricately designed community of cells, which must work together community of cells, which must work together to survive.to survive.
Cells, in my opinion, are one of the strongest Cells, in my opinion, are one of the strongest cases for intelligent design by our Creator cases for intelligent design by our Creator God!God!
Web and Books referencesWeb and Books references Book Name : AlbertBook Name : Albert
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_theoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_theory http://www.edu.pe.ca/gray/class_pages/smaccormachttp://www.edu.pe.ca/gray/class_pages/smaccormac
k/topic_2_1_celltheory.pdfk/topic_2_1_celltheory.pdf http://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/dohttp://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/do
cs/Cell_theory.htmlcs/Cell_theory.html http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/lecturesf04ahttp://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/lecturesf04a
m/lect06.htmm/lect06.htm
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Images ReferencesImages References 1.http://3.bp.blogspot.com/NX3o3HssjkI/UEmYoopb5xI/AAAAAAAAAH1.http://3.bp.blogspot.com/NX3o3HssjkI/UEmYoopb5xI/AAAAAAAAAH
k/pE33sBBi90E/s1600/Robert+Hooke+and+the+microscope+use+to+ak/pE33sBBi90E/s1600/Robert+Hooke+and+the+microscope+use+to+analyze+cork+cell.PNGnalyze+cork+cell.PNG
2.http://www.masslocalinstitute.org/onlinecourses/publichealthhistory/va2.http://www.masslocalinstitute.org/onlinecourses/publichealthhistory/vanLeeuwenhoek.jpgnLeeuwenhoek.jpg
3.http://wishart.biology.ualberta.ca/BacMap/includes/species/Mycoplas3.http://wishart.biology.ualberta.ca/BacMap/includes/species/Mycoplasma_genitalium.pngma_genitalium.png
4.https://31.media.tumblr.com/3819bfc3e1fdc2b2f1fb1406ecf7ca5e/tum4.https://31.media.tumblr.com/3819bfc3e1fdc2b2f1fb1406ecf7ca5e/tumblr_inline_nc5kjt5EeG1t196up.gifblr_inline_nc5kjt5EeG1t196up.gif
5.http://thumb9.shutterstock.com/display_pic_with_logo/730471/1273805.http://thumb9.shutterstock.com/display_pic_with_logo/730471/127380422/stock-vector-illustration-of-red-blood-cell-flowing-in-artery-422/stock-vector-illustration-of-red-blood-cell-flowing-in-artery-127380422.jpg127380422.jpg
6. http://img.tfd.com/mk/O/X2604-O-20A.png6. http://img.tfd.com/mk/O/X2604-O-20A.png 7.http://us.cdn1.123rf.com/168nwm/lightwise/lightwise1311/lightwise137.http://us.cdn1.123rf.com/168nwm/lightwise/lightwise1311/lightwise13
1100063/23843295-human-fertility-questions-and-reproductive-health-1100063/23843295-human-fertility-questions-and-reproductive-health-confusion-and-uncertainty-as-a-male-sperm-cell-and.jpgconfusion-and-uncertainty-as-a-male-sperm-cell-and.jpg
8.http://www.thehindu.com/multimedia/dynamic/01426/HY13_W8.http://www.thehindu.com/multimedia/dynamic/01426/HY13_WLG_OSTRIC_HY_1426652f.jpgLG_OSTRIC_HY_1426652f.jpg
9.http://suzyssitcom.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/Ostrich-9.http://suzyssitcom.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/Ostrich-Egg-200x150.jpgEgg-200x150.jpg
10.http://torresbioclan.pbworks.com/f/1195162708/cell_membra10.http://torresbioclan.pbworks.com/f/1195162708/cell_membrane.gifne.gif
11. http://www.medfriendly.com/images/cytoplasm.jpg11. http://www.medfriendly.com/images/cytoplasm.jpg 12.http://web.chem.ucsb.edu/~molvisual/Img/142A/B_DNA_side12.http://web.chem.ucsb.edu/~molvisual/Img/142A/B_DNA_side
.png.png 13.https://encryptedtbn0.gstatic.com/images?13.https://encryptedtbn0.gstatic.com/images?
q=tbn:ANd9GcQS1FuhaOk6JfcrDPI1cugdw52uxfCMJB153xeigq=tbn:ANd9GcQS1FuhaOk6JfcrDPI1cugdw52uxfCMJB153xeigmTQVt95MHahmTQVt95MHah
14. http://www.cbv.ns.ca/bec/science/cell/page11a.gif14. http://www.cbv.ns.ca/bec/science/cell/page11a.gif
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