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MARTIN HEIDEGGER AND ARIS KONSTANDINIDIS:
ON THE MODERN PROGRAM FOR TOURISM APPROPRIATION OF THE GREEK LANDSCAPE
ZISSIS KOTIONIS Dr. Architect NTUA Adj. Assist. Prof., Dept. of Architecture, Univ. of Thessaly
The article attempts to analyze and to provide the supporting evidence of the two, different approaches on the Greek landscape: of the German philosopher Martin Heidegger and of the Greek architect Aris Konstandinidis.
The starting point for this ascertainment of diverging views started in the 60s with the strong critique of Heidegger concerning the Xenia Hotel in Olympia, in the Peloponnisos region of Greece, creation of Konstandinidis, who considered it non- essentially acceptable and not in harmony with the natural landscape.
Heidegger and Konstandinidis have expressed themselves with symmetrically opposed views, they could be seen as two enemies, after the firsts derogative remarks towards the creation of the second, which sets forward the beloved questions: The first one is a German philosopher, whose philosophic trip is a trip of return, and of a revelation attempt of Greece through its ancient thought, while the second is the Greek architect, who having returned from his educational journey from Germany, and carrying with him post romantic philosophic and ethical baggage, comes to Greece to build in its landscape as a Greek.
When we speak on behalf of the German philosopher in reference to his postwar trip to Greece and for the Greek architect and his postwar creation within the Greek landscape, we consider them as part of their handling of the landscape, as bearers of an ideology which marked modernism and established mass tourism, as an inseparable part of modern life.
Philosopher was seeking for something which corresponded to his perception of what he envisioned as peculiarly Greek, often without finding it, as his expectation did not coincide with what he found in the picture of the landscape.
However the choice of a site is an inborn component of tourism flux, while in parallel, having the dimension of propriety for building development and construction works in the open spatial landscape.
Whether Heidegger is the exemplary tourist, which selects while rejecting the location of his stay, Konstandinidis is, perhaps, the exemplary builder of tourism development, who at the same time, during the decade of the 60s, concurrently selects while rejecting the locations for the establishment of GNTOs new tourism installations.
Konstandinidis, during that same decade with his position of responsibility with the Greek National Tourism Organization (GNTO) achieved concurrently not only to build buildings building frames within the Greek landscape and simultaneously in selecting the location for these buildings to be built. The selection of the location is a very important architectural action. With the selection of the land plot just as much as with
the selection of the shape of the building somehow a whole interpretative frame gets created for the open spatial landscape. Having himself the opportunity of such a complete localization of architecture, essentially with an extremely spiritual way, he was repeating the sovereign model of his time for the ekistics development beyond the narrow limitations of settlements and of towns.
Distance, estrangement, as an output of modern selectivity, is a type of distance which we face first of all between the philosopher and the architect. Philosophers innovative selectivity prevents him to recognize his contemporary creations, such as the structural framework of a hotel studied by Konstandinidis, an esthetically accepted version of its contemporariness, in the same way that Konstandinidis, with each opportunity had strong opposite views in favor of the architectural attempts shared by his contemporary modern architects, with the partial exception of Mies Van der Rohes. However, his choice of the modernist man as a possibility of selection has never been entirely aesthetic.
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